scholarly journals Raising Cultural Awareness in EFL Classes

2021 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 233
Author(s):  
Irene Mine ◽  
Chieko Mimura

Teaching culture is essential in a language class, as language is an inseparable part of culture. Yet incorporating culture into an EFL class can give rise to challenges, such as indefinable target cultures, the creation of possible stereotypes, unforeseeable results, difficulties in assessment, and the elusive concept of culture itself. Accepting those challenges, culture can be incorporated into a language classroom not by explicitly introducing a specific culture, but by attempting to raise the students’ cultural awareness. In this study we presented students with real-life stories of intercultural experiences in university English classes. The students’ responses to reading prompts, class reflections, and interviews demonstrated the effectiveness of the teaching activity in raising cultural awareness. We also found that raising cultural awareness leads to a wider awareness of “unknowns.” Our results suggest that teaching culture implicitly may be effective in raising the cultural awareness of students in a language class. 言語の授業において文化を教えることは必要不可欠である。言語は文化の一部であり切り離すことはできないからである。しかし、EFL(外国語としての英語)の授業において文化を組み入れることは難しい。ターゲットとする文化が決められないこと、ステレオタイプを生む可能性があること、結果が見えづらいこと、評価が困難であること、そして、文化の定義そのものの問題である。これらの課題を受け入れ、特定の文化を明示的に指導するのではなく、学習者の文化的意識を高めることを目指して文化を指導することが有効である。本研究では、大学の英語の授業で、教員の異文化体験の実話を教材とした。その結果、教材への問いや、リフレクション及びインタビューから、異文化意識の向上が見られた。異文化意識はまた、「知らないことへの意識」というさらに深い意識へとつながった。本研究は学習者の異文化意識向上のために文化を非明示的に指導する可能性を示唆する。

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (7) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Nobue Tanaka-Ellis

<p>In any educational institutions, designing curricula would be one of the most important processes for educating students with coherence and efficiency. They are also tools for institutions to make their teaching philosophy visible to their students and teachers. This research analyses how a foreign language class was constructed from two different perspectives: 1) how the curriculum shaped the class under study (macro-level analysis); and 2) how the environment formed the class (micro-level analysis). This study can be considered as a sequel to my previous study that looked at differences in on-task behaviour in two compulsory English classes for Japanese undergraduate students, taught in different environments: a regular classroom and a computer room. The result showed that the environmental differences altered their learning behaviour. Leading on from the previous study, this study investigated why there were differences in learning behaviour and how these differences emerged by looking at the teachers and their students’ interpretations of the curriculum. The study used a new analytical tool in the field of language education, Actor-Network Theory, for analysing the influence that the human and nonhuman (i.e., computers, syllabus) actors had in between. These actors were mapped to visualise the actions caused by the influence to capture how the course was designed and executed. The maps revealed that the curriculum was altered by the teacher and the students, mainly due to the environment they were in. The paper concludes with some suggestions to improve the relationship between the curriculum and its stakeholders.</p>


2018 ◽  
Vol 41 (4) ◽  
pp. 341-355
Author(s):  
Mary Masterson

Background: Although culture is deeply embedded in language, cultural proficiency is not always gained during language learning. Experiential pedagogies that emphasize reflection may be appropriate for such learning. Purpose: This research explored pupils’ self-awareness as they engaged in the co-construction of personal life stories in one experiential pedagogy, the Autobiography, Biography, and Cross-cultural analyses (ABCs) model. Methodology/Approach: The ABCs methodology was implemented across two secondary-level foreign language classrooms, one of Irish students learning German, and the other of German students learning English utilizing a case study approach. Student writing products generated during early stages of the implementation were analyzed for themes related to self-discovery and cultural awareness, to explore how students negotiated self-image as they experienced cultural exchanges with the cross-cultural partner. Findings/Conclusions: Thematic analysis revealed that in the early stages students’ understanding of the role of culture in their own identities was absent. Implications: Teaching culture alongside language is challenging, especially in an online format. The current study demonstrates that language students do not necessarily show awareness of the self and the role of culture at the outset of the intervention. It also shows how the ABCs model can foster experiential learning in a foreign language classroom setting toward greater cultural awareness through self-discovery.


2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-80
Author(s):  
Yasmina Abdzadeh ◽  
Will Baker

AbstractDespite Iran’s increasing use of English as a lingua franca (ELF) and its growing position as a more open country to international relationships, Iran’s education policy is still culturally conservative and intercultural language education is absent from the national curriculum and hence classrooms. In response, this article presents the results of a ten-session course focused on implementing and developing cultural awareness (CA) in an Iranian English language classroom. The data revealed that this course had a positive effect in developing students’ levels of CA, moving from basic in the first half of the course towards advanced in the second half. This provides important empirical evidence illustrating the value of systematic instruction of CA in students’ cultural learning. Furthermore, this course was the first of its kind in the predominantly monolingual, culturally restricted context of this study, where intercultural education is missing from the curriculum, yet where students are likely to use ELF for intercultural communication while travelling abroad or inside the country for communication purposes with non-Iranians. This study, thus, demonstrates the feasibility and documents the processes of integrating intercultural teaching into English education, specifically in contexts where educators might be limited by language policy makers.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 67 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tecnam Yoon

<p><em>The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of virtual simulation-based language learning in a foreign language class in Korea. Total 35 1st-year university students in Korea participated in this research to figure out the effect of simulations. A virtual English learning community, ‘Cypris Chat’ in Second Life was selected as a learning tool. For the data collection, a survey questionnaire was distributed and analyzed quantitatively. The result shows that the majority of the students had a positive attitude toward using a virtual simulation in English learning and had better understanding in learning English by experiencing an authentic practice. The first section of this paper provides a general overview of simulations in educational settings through an insightful literature review of the current research in the area. The review includes a comprehensive outlook on simulations, an example of successful classroom integration and some of the considerations researchers have found for their implementation. The latter section addresses the research method, results and conclusions.</em></p>


2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-190
Author(s):  
Mojca Ilc Klun

Slovenian emigration is often presented with a general overview in which general data and statistical facts prevail, while the individual experiences and memories of Slovenian emigrants are omitted from these descriptions. In the study, which was conducted using a biographical-narrative methodological approach among members of the Slovenian diaspora from the United States of America, Canada and Australia, we were interested in the personal experiences and memories of those who emigrated from Slovenia themselves, or whose ancestors did. Through those life stories and memories, we can illustrate Slovenian emigration processes in such a way that people would better understand global migration processes. In the article we present three real life stories of members of the Slovenian diaspora, their individual memories and perceptions of their place of origin, homeland, the memories of emigration and immigration processes and memories of integration to the new social environments.


EL LE ◽  
2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Menegale

One of the aims of language learning is that learners can apply outside the classroom what they learn at school and, vice versa, can use in classroom what comes from their experience in ‘real’ life, that is, outside school walls. However, as nearly a century of experimental research on the field has proved, knowledge transfer does not occur spontaneously, on the contrary, this capacity seems to be particularly complicated and difficult to encourage. It is therefore crucial to help learners gain awareness and make use of existing language learning opportunities as well as the learning strategies they can employ so to increase their capacity to make connections. Among the different tools that can be used to enhance both language competence and metacognitive awareness, logbook is considered one of the most handy and purposeful. This paper will try to explain what a logbook is and how it can be used with students with the intention to promote their language learning both in and out of the classroom.


Author(s):  
Jesus Garcia Laborda ◽  
Iulia Vecan ◽  
Angela Sauciuc

Language assistants have become an important resource for teachers in bilingual schools in Spain, especially in the Madrid region. Most language assistants come from English-speaking countries, especially from the United States. In their role as language assistants, they are expected to bring and share their knowledge about the cultural aspects and content subjects and, at the same time, they need to share their beliefs and perspectives towards Spain and Spanish schools. Nevertheless, sometimes there is controversy around this topic, as there are obvious differences and similarities between both cultures; one of them being the misconception regarding the type of culture they need to teach students.


Author(s):  
Kamiya Abdulkhakimova

The chapter explores and describes the use of flipping the classroom approach in a Kazakhstani university language class. Flipping the classroom means that students gain first exposure to new material outside of class, depending on the preferred learning style it happens via reading or lecture videos, and then use class time to do the harder work of assimilating that knowledge, perhaps through problem solving, discussion, or debates. The idea that lies behind this approach is not new. However, the access to these reading and writing materials using digital technology is relatively new. The research question of this study was, How does flipping the classroom work in the language classroom? In law schools, for example, the approach was a traditional way of teaching in which students prepared ahead of time to participate in Socratic seminars.


Author(s):  
Liesa Reitz ◽  
Aline Sohny ◽  
Gerrit Lochmann

The authors present a novel way of oral language training by embedding the English as a foreign language (EFL) learning process into a generic 3D Cooperative Virtual Reality (VR) Game. Due to lack of time, resources and innovation, the language classroom is limited in its possibilities of promoting authentic communication. Therefore, the researchers investigated how to induce a VR setting with information gaps, for which they designed a template which intrinsically promotes communication and the students' confidence in using EFL. Thereby, VR enables the simulation of real life situations, creating both comfortable and authentic training environments. The game content is based on the internationally approved Graded Examination in Spoken English (GESE) Trinity Exam and can be adapted to the needs of the learners or the given curricula. The empirical analysis shows that the designed game trains the students' communication skills, evoking a high amount of speech and a qualitative linguistic output.


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