scholarly journals SOME RESULTS OF ARCTIC PLANKTON COMMUNITIES STUDY (THE BARENTS SEA)

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 44-84
Author(s):  
E.I. Druzhkova ◽  
◽  
I.V. Berchenko ◽  
A.V. Vaschenko ◽  
M.P. Venger ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
Polar Night ◽  
Edge Zone ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Different Seasons ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Zooplankton Communities ◽  
Plankton Communities

This paper presents some research results of the plankton laboratory MMBI RAS over the past 5 years. One of the main directions was the study of the structure of zooplankton communities and an assessment of their productivity off the coast of the Kola Peninsula and in the coastal waters of the Svalbard archipelago.Analysis of the vast perennial material revealed the main features of the spatial distribution of phytoplankton in the water area of the Pechora Sea. In the ice edge zone for nano-, micro-and zooplankton, the presence of ice edge effect in different seasons of the year is shown. It has been shown that in the Barents Sea, the Polar Front is not the boundary between various pelagic phytocenoses. During the polar night, virio-, bacterio-, phyto-and zooplankton were studied. When studyingthe deep-sea Barents Sea shelf, an autochthonous community of microalgae was found, the lower distribution limit of which is 300 m isobath.

scholarly journals Dynamics of the Spatial Chlorophyll-A Distribution at the Polar Front in the Marginal Ice Zone of the Barents Sea during Spring

Water ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 101
Author(s):  
Pavel R. Makarevich ◽  
Veronika V. Vodopianova ◽  
Aleksandra S. Bulavina
Keyword(s):  
Species Composition ◽  
Sea Ice ◽  
Chlorophyll A ◽  
Phytoplankton Community ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Sea Water ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
Ice Melting ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Ice Edge

Effects of the sea-ice edge and the Polar Frontal Zone on the distribution of chlorophyll-a levels in the pelagic were investigated during multi-year observations in insufficiently studied and rarely navigable regions of the Barents Sea. Samples were collected at 52 sampling stations combined into 11 oceanographic transects over a Barents Sea water area north of the latitude 75° N during spring 2016, 2018, and 2019. The species composition, abundance and biomass of the phytoplankton community, chlorophyll-a concentrations, hydrological and hydrochemical parameters were analyzed. The annual phytoplankton evolution phase, defined as an early-spring one, was determined throughout the transects. The species composition of the phytoplankton community and low chlorophyll-a levels suggested no phytoplankton blooming in April 2016 and 2019. Not yet started sea-ice melting prevented sympagic (sea-ice-associated) algae from being released into the seawater. In May 2018, ice melting began in the eastern Barents Sea and elevated chlorophyll-a levels were recorded near the ice edge. Chlorophyll-a concentrations substantially differed in waters of different genesis, especially in areas influenced by the Polar Front. The Polar Front separated the more productive Arctic waters with a chlorophyll-a concentration of 1–5 mg/m3 on average from the Atlantic waters where the chlorophyll-a content was an order of magnitude lower.

scholarly journals Den menneskeskapte iskanten – Om vitenskapelig sannhetssøken og uavhengighet i en kunnskapsbasert forvaltning

2019 ◽  
pp. 131-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ingrid Bay-Larsen ◽  
Erlend A.T. Hermansen ◽  
Tone G. Bjørndal
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Political Debate ◽  
Edge Zone ◽  
The Public ◽  
Knowledge Based ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Geographical Position ◽  
Ice Edge

In this chapter we explore how the geographical position of the marginal ice zone in the Barents Sea became the center of a hot political debate. In 2015, new data sets on the retreat of sea ice were introduced by the Norwegian government, indicating how petroleum drilling could take place without conflicting with the vulnerable ice ecosystem. In the public debate that followed, four different definitions of the ice edge zone were introduced, each providing different geographical positions of the ice edge. These multiple definitions directly corresponded to various political views on the exploration of petroleum in the Barents Sea. The analysis shows how ethical principles connected to scientific rigor and independence may be put on trial when conflicts of interests escalate in policy debates. This chapter demonstrates the mismatch between ethical ideals and practice in knowledge-based management, and discusses what their democratic implications might be.

The Barents Sea Polar Front in summer

1996 ◽  
Vol 101 (C6) ◽  
pp. 14201-14221 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Rost Parsons ◽  
Robert H. Bourke ◽  
Robin D. Muench ◽  
Ching-Sang Chiu ◽  
James F. Lynch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
The Barents Sea

scholarly journals Distribution and seasonal dynamics of bacterioplankton along the westernborder of the Barents Sea.

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (5-2020) ◽  
pp. 37-50
Author(s):  
M.P. Venger ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Barents Sea ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Single Cells ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
Summer Season ◽  
Total Biomass ◽  
Summer Period ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Summer Maximum

The structural characteristics of bacterioplankton were studied in the waters of the Cape`s Nordkap (cut I) and Zuydkap (cut II) of Mezhvezhiy island. Its abundance and biomass in the upper part of the photic layer of coastal and Atlantic waters in cut I was comparable and increased from the late spring to the summer season. Moreover, in cuts I and II, the values of summer maximum corresponded to the zone of the Polar Front and adjacent Arctic waters. By the beginning of the winter season, the level of development of communities in waters of different genesis decreased everywhere, but still did not reach the minimum, observed insummer in layers deeper than 200 m. The structure of bacterioplankton was determined by single cells of the smallest size, mainly of a cocci-form. The arrival of rod-shaped bacteria (contribution to the total biomass could reach 50%) was recorded in the summer period.

scholarly journals Autumn bacterioplankton of the open waters and coastal part of the Barents Sea

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3-2021) ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
A.V. Vashchenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Open Water ◽  
Bottom Layer ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Northeastern Part ◽  
Autumn Season ◽  
Open Water Area ◽  
The Barents Sea

The paper presents the results of microbiological studies carried out in the Motovsky Bay (2017) and the northeastern part of the Barents Sea (2020) in October. It was shown that, with comparable values of abundance, the biomass of bacterioplankton in open waters was slightly higher than in coastal waters. The quantity was 148–717 thousand cells/ml in Motovsky Bay and 170–957 thousand cells/ml in the open water area. The biomass was 7.26–29.07 mg/m3 in Motovsky Bay and 9.71–51.39 mg/m3 in the open water area. The maximum values were in the 0–50 m layer,the minimum – in the bottom layer in both areas. Those results supplement the existing understanding of bacterioplanktons development and distribution in the Barents Sea in the autumn season.

Satellite altimetry of the Barents sea

2021 ◽  
pp. 194-212
Author(s):  
S.A. Lebedev ◽  
◽  
A.G. Kostianoy ◽  
S.K. Popov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Level ◽  
Satellite Altimetry ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Water Dynamics ◽  
Altimetry Data ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Ice Edge ◽  
Edge Displacement

Satellite altimetry data are used for investigation of the sea level variability and sea ice cover retreat in the Barents Sea in 1992−2018. The data from ERS−1/2, ENVISAT, SARAL/AltiKa, and Sentinel-3A/3B satellites were used in this study. An increasing trend of the sea level of about 2.31 mm/yr was observed in this time period, which caused a total increase in the Barents Sea level by about 6 cm. Linear trends of the sea level change varied from 1.84 mm/yr in July to 4.29 mm/yr in September. The average velocity of the ice edge retreat along the tracks in the northeastern direction is of 10.9 km/yr for the same period. It was found that the ice edge displacement rate tends to increase by 0.30 km/yr per a degree in longitude in the eastward direction. Thus, the ice edge retreat along the “eastern” tracks goes faster than along the “western” ones, which is likely explained by a change in the water dynamics in the Barents Sea.

scholarly journals Climate-driven benthic invertebrate activity and biogeochemical functioning across the Barents Sea polar front

2020 ◽  
Vol 378 (2181) ◽  
pp. 20190365 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Solan ◽  
Ellie R. Ward ◽  
Christina L. Wood ◽  
Adam J. Reed ◽  
Laura J. Grange ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sea Ice ◽  
Ecosystem Functioning ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Benthic Invertebrate ◽  
Polar Front ◽  
The Arctic ◽  
Nutrient Concentrations ◽  
Sea Ice Extent ◽  
Biological Communities ◽  
The Barents Sea

Arctic marine ecosystems are undergoing rapid correction in response to multiple expressions of climate change, but the consequences of altered biodiversity for the sequestration, transformation and storage of nutrients are poorly constrained. Here, we determine the bioturbation activity of sediment-dwelling invertebrate communities over two consecutive summers that contrasted in sea-ice extent along a transect intersecting the polar front. We find a clear separation in community composition at the polar front that marks a transition in the type and amount of bioturbation activity, and associated nutrient concentrations, sufficient to distinguish a southern high from a northern low. While patterns in community structure reflect proximity to arctic versus boreal conditions, our observations strongly suggest that faunal activity is moderated by seasonal variations in sea ice extent that influence food supply to the benthos. Our observations help visualize how a climate-driven reorganization of the Barents Sea benthic ecosystem may be expressed, and emphasize the rapidity with which an entire region could experience a functional transformation. As strong benthic-pelagic coupling is typical across most parts of the Arctic shelf, the response of these ecosystems to a changing climate will have important ramifications for ecosystem functioning and the trophic structure of the entire food web. This article is part of the theme issue ‘The changing Arctic Ocean: consequences for biological communities, biogeochemical processes and ecosystem functioning'.

Aromatic hydrocarbons in components of geological environment of the Norwegian and Russian parts of coastal zone of the Barents Sea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kursheva ◽  
Inna Morgunova ◽  
Vera Petrova ◽  
Galina Batova ◽  
Ivan Litvinenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Salt Marshes ◽  
Littoral Zone ◽  
Barents Sea ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Water Area ◽  
Rocky Shores ◽  
Geological Environment ◽  
The Barents Sea ◽  
Shallow Water Area

<p>Information about hydrocarbons (HCs) distribution in components of geological environment (including aromatic (Ar) compounds) allows to estimate relative amounts of both natural and anthropogenic components and reveal sources of contamination. HCs are widely spread in lithosphere and create stable geochemical background. Variations in their composition attest to the specificity of initial organic matter, conditions of its accumulation and transformation.<br>The studied samples of soils and surface bottom sediments were collected during the research expedition in July, 2019 (supported by RFBR №18-54-20001 and NFR №280724). On the Norwegian coast of the Barents Sea the area of study included: salt marshes of Tana and Varanger fjords, littoral zone of rocky shores around Kiberg. In the Russian part of the Barents Sea samples were taken from the shallow water area of the Eastern coast of the Kola Bay. All samples were taken along the sublittoral – littoral – supralittoral transects appropriate for a detailed study of the organic matter (OM) spatial distribution. Study of the group composition of ArHCs in the extractable part of soil and sedimentary OM were performed using spectrofluorimetry.<br> The method is based on the ability of ArHCs to fluoresce under the influence of ultraviolet emitting in narrow spectral ranges determined by their molecular structure. This allows us to characterize the nature of ArHCs and determine possible sources of their input.<br>The spectrum characteristics of samples from intertidal zone of the Tana fjord salt marshes reflect the input of fresh unoxidized petroleum products such as diesel fuels and engine oils. The significant increase of ArHCs fluorescence intensity in surface sediments may testify to recent pollution accidents.<br>The spectrum traditionally associated with the estuarine-delta and lacustrine and swampy facies and characteristic for the post-sedimentation and early diagenetic stage of OM transformation was detected in samples from the salt marshes of Varanger fjord. <br>ArHCs of mixed origin (natural and anthropogenic) are identified in samples from the littoral zone of rocky shores of Kiberg. The spectral data of littoral sediments are typical for the polluted areas with high input of petroleum products. The specific maxima in the long wavelength region of spectrum that is characteristic for the high molecular weight aromatic compounds from the land plants is also detected in these samples. <br>Spectral characteristics of ArHCs of bottom sediments and soils collected from the shallow water area of the Russian part of the Barents Sea point to the presence of both low molecular weight benzene HCs (high volatile components of flammable liquids) and high molecular weight compounds (oil fuel, gas oil). The detailed study of these anthropogenic HC components seems to be very important given the fact of their detection in all littoral samples.<br>The further detailed study of the molecular markers and biomarkers (n-alkanes, isoprenoids, cyclanes, terpanes, PAHs) will increase our knowledge about HC sources, efficiency of their microbial and chemical degradation, allow to estimate human impacts on the environment of the region and draw up the regional “geochemical passport”.</p>

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