scholarly journals Binding abilities of polyaminocyclodextrins: polarimetric investigations and biological assays

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 2751-2763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Russo ◽  
Daniele La Corte ◽  
Annalisa Pisciotta ◽  
Serena Riela ◽  
Rosa Alduina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Cellular Uptake ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Coulomb Interactions ◽  
Binding Properties ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
Potential Applications

Three polyaminocyclodextrin materials, obtained by direct reaction between heptakis(6-deoxy-6-iodo)-β-cyclodextrin and the proper linear polyamines, were investigated for their binding properties, in order to assess their potential applications in biological systems, such as vectors for simultaneous drug and gene cellular uptake or alternatively for the protection of macromolecules. In particular, we exploited polarimetry to test their interaction with some model p-nitroaniline derivatives, chosen as probe guests. The data obtained indicate that binding inside the host cavity is mainly affected by interplay between Coulomb interactions and conformational restraints. Moreover, simultaneous interaction of the cationic polyamine pendant bush at the primary rim was positively assessed. Insights on quantitative aspects of the interaction between our materials and polyanions were investigated by studying the binding with sodium alginate. Finally, the complexation abilities of the same materials towards polynucleotides were assessed by studying their interaction with the model plasmid pUC19. Our results positively highlight the ability of our materials to exploit both the cavity and the polycationic branches, thus functioning as bimodal ligands.

Fluorescence chemosensors for hydrogen sulfide detection in biological systems

The Analyst ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 140 (6) ◽  
pp. 1772-1786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhi Guo ◽  
Guiqiu Chen ◽  
Guangming Zeng ◽  
Zhongwu Li ◽  
Anwei Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Sulfide ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Sulfate Reducing Bacteria ◽  
Fluorescence Sensing ◽  
Sulfate Reducing ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Reducing Bacteria

The development of H2S fluorescence-sensing strategies and their potential applications in the determination of sulfate-reducing bacteria activity.

scholarly journals Development of Active Centrifugal Pump for Microfluidic CD Platforms

Micromachines ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 140
Author(s):  
Ala’aldeen Al-Halhouli ◽  
Baha El Far ◽  
Ahmed Albagdady ◽  
Wisam Al-Faqheri
Keyword(s):  
Centrifugal Pump ◽  
Rotational Speed ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Chemical Processes ◽  
Performance Tests ◽  
Centrifugal Pumps ◽  
Biological Assays ◽  
Unidirectional Flow ◽  
Pumping Efficiency ◽  
Potential Applications

The continuous emerging of microfluidic compact disc (CD) platforms for various real-life applications motivates researchers to explore new innovative ideas towards more integrated active functions. However, microfluidic CDs have some drawbacks, including the unidirectional flow that limits the usable space for multi-stepped biological and chemical assays. In this work, a novel active and bidirectional centrifugal pump is developed and integrated on microfluidic CDs. The design of the developed pump partially replicates the designs of the conventional centrifugal pumps with a modification in the connecting channels’ positions that allow the developed pump to be reversible. The main advantage of the proposed centrifugal pump is that the pumping speed can be accurately controlled during spinning or while the microfluidic CD is stationary. Performance tests show that the pumping speed can reach up to 164.93 mm3/s at a pump rotational speed (impellers speed) of 4288 rpm. At that speed, 1 mL of water could be pumped in 6.06 s. To present a few of the potential applications of the centrifugal pump, flow reciprocation, bidirectional pumping, and flow switching were performed and evaluated. Results show that the developed centrifugal pump can pump 1096 µL of liquid towards the CD center at 87% pumping efficiency while spinning the microfluidic CD at 250 rpm. This novel centrifugal pump can significantly widen the range of the applicability of microfluidic CDs in advanced chemical processes and biological assays.

scholarly journals Design and Characterization of Sodium Alginate and Poly(vinyl) Alcohol Hydrogels for Enhanced Skin Delivery of Quercetin

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 1149
Author(s):  
Ludovico Esposito ◽  
Ana Isabel Barbosa ◽  
Tânia Moniz ◽  
Sofia Costa Lima ◽  
Paulo Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sodium Alginate ◽  
Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Entrapment Efficiency ◽  
Interesting Property ◽  
Poly Vinyl Alcohol ◽  
Skin Delivery ◽  
Potential Applications

Nature has led to the discovery of biopolymers with noteworthy pharmaceutical applications. Blended biopolymers have demonstrated promising characteristics when compared with their individual counterparts. Sodium alginate (SA) is a marine polymer that has demonstrated the ability to form hydrogels, an interesting property for the development of cutaneous formulations. Predicting the good performance of blended biopolymers, a novel series of hybrid hydrogels based on SA and poly(vinyl) alcohol (PVA) were prepared. Quercetin, a natural polyphenolic flavonoid commonly found in fruits and vegetables, is widely known for its strong anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activity, thus with potential applications against melanoma, dermatitis, psoriasis, and skin ageing. Here, hydrogels were produced at different ratios of SA and PVA. The surface morphology, structure, interaction of polymers, the capacity to absorb water and the entrapment efficiency of quercetin were evaluated for the blended hydrogels. Targeting the cutaneous application of the formulations, the rheological properties of all unloaded and quercetin-loaded hydrogels revealed pseudoplastic behavior, evidence of non-thixotropy, good resistance to deformation, and profile maintenance with temperatures ranging from 20 °C up to 40 °C. The incorporation of quercetin in the hydrogel retained its antioxidant activity, confirmed by radical scavenging assays (ABTS and DPPH). The permeability of quercetin through the skin showed different penetration/permeation profiles according to the hydrogel’s blend. This behavior will allow the selection of SA-PVA at 2/1 ratio for a local and prolonged skin effect, making the use of these hydrogels a good solution to consider for the treatment of skin ageing and inflammation.

Preparation Of Silicon Carbide Nanofibrils From Vapor Grown Carbon Nanotubes

1995 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunming Niu ◽  
David Moy
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Synthetic Approach ◽  
Direct Reaction ◽  
Matrix Composites ◽  
Commercial Scale ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
Nanostructured Ceramic ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Commercial Process ◽  
Uniform Diameter

ABSTRACTSiC nanofibrils are of interest for their potential applications, particularly for the development of nanostructured ceramic (or metal) matrix composites. Methods of production of SiC nanofibrils in bulk quantity are essential for realization of these applications. We have prepared SiC nanofibrils with average diameters of 15 nm by direct reaction of carbon nanotubes with vapor phase SiO. The carbon nanotubes were prepared catalytically by decomposition of hydrocarbons in our commercial process; they are characterized by having uniform diameter of ∼10 nm and multiple graphitic carbon layers arranged concentrically around the tube axis. Total conversion of the carbon nanotubes to SiC nanofibrils was easily achieved; the resulting SiC nanofibrils were highly crystallized β-SiC, essentially free of SiC particles. The reaction between carbon nanotubes and SiO vapor was a pseudo-topotactic transformation since the macroscopic textures of the starting carbon nanotubes remained almost unchanged in the product. This synthetic approach utilizes high quality carbon nanotubes of high uniformity which are available on a commercial scale; thus applications of SiC nanofibrils in matrix composites on a commercial scale can be envisioned.

Adsorption potential of nanocomposites for the removal of toxins in healthcare

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pravin Shende ◽  
Nikita P. Devlekar
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
High Surface ◽  
Volume Ratio ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Enhanced Adsorption

: Industrial wastewater is one of the by-products of several industries and it consists of water that requires treatment before it is discharged in water bodies. The presence of toxins in wastewater such as dyes and heavy metals is hazardous to human health and requires effective removal to reduce environmental pollution. Industrial wastewater treatment has become a global concern in healthcare and environment leading to the development of various technologies for the removal of toxins from wastewater. Various processes and technologies such as advanced oxidation processes, adsorption and membrane technology show potential in treating industrial wastewater. Another source of toxins in the form of pesticides is harmful to human health leading to severe health problems. Nanocomposites show potential as efficient adsorbents for the removal of toxins owing to the enhanced adsorption capacity, promising physicochemical properties and high surface-to-volume ratio due to nanoscale dimension. Nanocomposites are cost effective and efficient nanoadsorbents for the removal of various toxins. This review focuses on the potential applications of nanocomposites as adsorbents for the removal of toxins like dyes, heavy metals and pesticides from wastewater and biological systems. The use of nanocomposites as efficient adsorbents in the removal of toxins, various isotherm models and adsorption kinetics applied in the mechanism of adsorption are also discussed in the article. In the near future, nanocomposites may provide a simple, economical and efficient adsorption system for the removal of toxins from wastewater and biological systems.

Biochemical Processing of Materials: A Review

1994 ◽  
Vol 346 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larry L. Hench
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Materials Science ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Nanometer Scale ◽  
List Type ◽  
Type Number ◽  
Hierarchical Processing ◽  
Stereochemical Control ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potential Use

ABSTRACTMany biological systems have evolved means of controlling the architecture of inorganic-organic composites at a nanometer scale. The principles of biochemistry and materials science underlying the potential use of biochemical processing to develop new molecularly tailored materials are discussed, with emphasis on:methods of stereochemical control of the organic-inorganic interface,genetic and enzymic control of biosynthesis and biomineralization,molecular orbital modelling of bio organic-inorganic interfaces,barriers and limitations of biomimetic and hierarchical processing,examples of unique materials made with biochemical processing.needs and potential applications in human prostheses.

Small polyanion recognition of a triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster in water

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
pp. 8291-8297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hoa Thi Le ◽  
Seung Cheol Park ◽  
Chulhun Kang ◽  
Choon Woo Lim ◽  
Tae Woo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Biological Systems ◽  
Binding Properties

In order to detect small polyanions (sPAs), which play important roles in many biological systems, a triazolium cyclodextrin click cluster was synthesized and its sPA binding properties were characterized.

Evaluation of Biological Deployable Systems

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Hachem ◽  
Eyal Karni ◽  
Ariel Hanaor
Keyword(s):  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Deployable Structures ◽  
Insect Wings ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Biological Organisms

The paper presents a survey of deployable structural systems found in some biological organisms. Four biological systems are presented and analysed in terms of their morphology, kinematics and structural characteristics. This presentation is followed by an evaluation of the similarity of the biological systems with existing deployable structures and of potential applications. The four biological systems surveyed are two types of insect wings – Coleoptera (beetles) and locust; locomotion of the earthworm; and the jaw of the egg eater snake ( Dasypeltis). These systems represent a diversity of deployable mechanisms. The paper concludes by associating the surveyed and other biological systems with known deployable structural systems such as: folded plates, tensioned membrane, pneumatic tubes ( pneus) and structures composed of articulated rigid members.

CYTOTOXICITY EVALUATIONS OF FLUORESCENT CARBON NANOPARTICLES

Nano LIFE ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 01 (01n02) ◽  
pp. 153-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIA-HUI LIU ◽  
PARAMBATH ANILKUMAR ◽  
LI CAO ◽  
XIN WANG ◽  
SHENG-TAO YANG ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dots ◽  
Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Fluorescent Nanoparticles ◽  
Cytotoxic Effects ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Carbon Core ◽  
Fluorescent Carbon Nanoparticles ◽  
Fluorescence Markers

Fluorescent nanoparticles have received much attention for their potential applications in biology and medicine, such as uses as fluorescence markers or imaging agents. Recently, surface-passivated carbon nanoparticles or "carbon dots" were demonstrated to be brightly fluorescent, thus representing a new platform for nanoscale fluorescent agents. For targeted bioapplications of carbon dots, an understanding of their toxicity behavior is necessary, including issues on potential defunctionalization of the dots in biological systems that might result in the exposure of the nanoscale carbon core. In this work, we performed cytotoxicity evaluations on both precursor carbon nanoparticles and carbon dots, from which the results suggested no significant cytotoxic effects.

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