scholarly journals Adjunction and Branchingness Effects in Syntax-Prosody Mapping

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer Bellik ◽  
Nick Kalivoda
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Optimality Theory ◽  
Lower Segment ◽  
Arbitrary Length ◽  
Tree Structures ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Maximal Projection ◽  
Match Theory ◽  
Proper Interpretation ◽  
Do So

Match Theory (Selkirk 2011) and approaches to syntax-prosody mapping involving alignment and Wrap(XP) (Truckenbrodt 1995, 1999) insist that syntatic phrases at least partially map onto phonological phrases. Each approach specifies that certain XPs are visible for mapping, while others are not. Both Truckenbrodt (1999) and Selkirk (2011) suggest that when an XP hosts an adjunct, only the lower segment of that XP is visible at the interface. We undertake several case studies of these theories' predictions, drawing primarily on data from phrasing in the Bantu language Kinyambo (Bickmore 1990), in order to address the proper interpretation of syntactic adjunction structures at the syntax-phonology interface. To do so, we employ a new JavaScript application which we have developed, Syntax-Prosody in Optimality Theory (SPOT; Bellik, Bellik, & Kalivoda 2016) allowing us to automatically generate and evaluate prosodic tree structures of arbitrary length and depth. We conclude that high segments of XP in syntactic adjunction structures must be visible to Match (pace Selkirk 2011) in order to predict attested prosodic phrasings in Kinyambo, and that treatments of adjunction which ignore the highest segment of a maximal projection make surprising and possibly problematic predictions.

Interpreting Laser-Based Fault Localization Results: Case Studies

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sukho Lee ◽  
John van den Biggelaar ◽  
Marc van Veenhuizen
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Circuit Design ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Process Technology ◽  
Resistance Change ◽  
Voltage Imaging ◽  
Root Cause ◽  
First Case ◽  
Proper Interpretation

Abstract Laser-based dynamic analysis has become a very important tool for analyzing advanced process technology and complex circuit design. Thus, many good reference papers discuss high resolution, high sensitivity, and useful applications. However, proper interpretation of the measurement is important as well to understand the failure behavior and find the root cause. This paper demonstrates this importance by describing two insightful case studies with unique observations from laser voltage imaging/laser voltage probing (LVP), optical beam induced resistance change, and soft defect localization (SDL) analysis, which required an in-depth interpretation of the failure analysis (FA) results. The first case is a sawtooth LVP signal induced by a metal short. The second case, a mismatched result between an LVP and SDL analysis, is a good case of unusual LVP data induced by a very sensitive response to laser light. The two cases provide a good reference on how to properly explain FA results.

Stative Morpheme In Shimakonde, An Anticausative Morpheme?

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 343-376
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Rodrigues De Paula
Keyword(s):  
External Argument ◽  
Bantu Language ◽  
Northern Regions ◽  
Do So

Tis paper aims to describe the syntax of the constructions that present the verbal extensions {-ik-} and {-uk-} and their allomorphs in Shimakonde, a Bantu language classifed as P23 in the Guthrie classifcation (GUTHRIE 1967-71). Tis language is spoken in the northern regions of Mozambique and Tanzania. Tese verbal extensions are reported in literature under the labels of stative, impositive, pseudo-passive, neuter, and quasi-passive (DOKE, 1947; SATYO, 1985; MCHOMBO, 1993; DUBINSKY SIMANGO, 1996; BENTLEY KULEMEKA, 2001; LIPHOLA, 2001; NGUNGA, 2004; KHUMALO, 2009; LEACH, 2010; LANGA, 2013). Te addition of the {-ik-} or {-uk-} morphemes to the verb structure usually demotes or suppresses the external argument, turning a basically transitive predicate into an intransitive one. Tis paper aims to investigate in Shimakonde if alternations from a dyadic to a monadic predicate, through the use of one of the aforementioned morphemes, are instances of the phenomenon known in literature as causative/ anticausative alternation (HASPELMATH, 1987, 1993; LEVIN RAPPAPORT HOVAV, 1992, 1995; NAVES, 1998, 2005; VAN HOUT, 2004; OLIVEIRA, 2011; KALLULLI, 2007). In order to do so, I analyze the grammatical role of this morpheme with two Shimakonde native consultants from different Mozambique districts (Mocimboa da Praia and Montepuez). Te feldwork activities consisted of translations of sentences from Portuguese to Shimakonde, testing the grammaticality of the proposed sentences. In order to examine the data that were collected, I adopted the Alexiadou, Anagnostopoulou and Schäfer (2006) refnement of the verbal categories by Levin Rappaport Hovav (1992, 1995). One of the results obtained is that the verbal extensions display an atelic reading (giving rise to stative interpretation) or a telic reading (giving rise to anticausative or passive interpretation). To account for the different interpretations in these constructions, I propose distinct associations between Asp head and Voice head in accordance with Kratzer (1996), Pylkkänen (2002), van Hout (2004), and Oliveira (2010).

scholarly journals A MODEL OF CREATIVE HERITAGE FOR INDUSTRY: DESIGNING NEW RULES WHILE PRESERVING THE PRESENT SYSTEM OF RULES

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 141-150
Author(s):  
Honorine Harlé ◽  
Pascal Le Masson ◽  
Benoit Weil
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Design Process ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Innovation Management ◽  
Present System ◽  
Innovative Capability ◽  
Current Change ◽  
A Site ◽  
Do So

AbstractIn industry, there is at once a strong need for innovation and a need to preserve the existing system of production. Thus, although the literature insists on the necessity of the current change toward Industry 4.0, how to implement it remains problematic because the preservation of the factory is at stake. Moreover, the question of the evolution of the system depends on its innovative capability, but it is difficult to understand how a new rule can be designed and implemented in a factory. This tension between preservation and innovation is often explained in the literature as a process of creative destruction. Looking at the problem from another perspective, this article models the factory as a site of creative heritage, enabling creation within tradition, i.e., creating new rules while preserving the system of rules. Two case studies are presented to illustrate the model. The paper shows that design in the factory relies on the ability to validate solutions. To do so, the design process can explore and give new meaning to the existing rules. The role of innovation management is to choose the degree of revision of the rules and to make it possible.

Why Quality? Why Value? Is it Information Related to These Aspects?

2014 ◽  
pp. 1-18 ◽  
Author(s):  
George Leal Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Information Quality ◽  
Traditional Concept ◽  
Conceptual Base ◽  
Initial Approach ◽  
Final Goal ◽  
Quality Value ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Do So ◽  
Changing World

Writing about information quality and value will always be challenging: how does one combine such concepts, so classically applied, debated, defined, and also related to a dynamic, fast-changing world? In this chapter, a first call for the study developed along this book is made. An initial approach about quality, value, and information is conducted in order to show the already defined conceptual bases and the possible relationship among them. Along with this discussion based on traditional approaches, a discussion is introduced motivating the reader to think about how this concept and its relationship perform today. It is the “rethinking” of the conceptual base, which is the final goal of this book that is initially provoked in the present chapter. To do so, first the traditional concept view is approached and some of the criticism and motivations to change its understanding is presented. In the end, with case studies, this new relationship is debated, opening the book development of the desired rethinking process.

Introduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
M.I. Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Interdisciplinary Approach ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Advanced Level ◽  
Music Journalism ◽  
Music And Politics ◽  
Music Making ◽  
Musical Knowledge ◽  
Do So

This chapter presents the disciplinary debates and terms of reference informing this exploration of music making in which sampling practices play a fundamental role. It maps out the theoretical and methodological terrain that informs the “close listening” approach to analyzing these works in light of a burgeoning interest from across the spectrum of academic research and music journalism in the interrelationship between music and politics—however these two domains may be defined. Developing earlier work addressing debates about when, and how music and politics may mutually inform one another, this chapter presents the socio-musicological and interdisciplinary approach to examining how this relationship “sounds” in five case studies. The objective is to provide a more refined conceptual lexicon and analytical framework so that reader-listeners can listen to, and so “hear” the respective ‘musicking politics” at stake in each case, and do so in ways that go beyond focusing on lyrical content alone or requiring an advanced level of musical knowledge. This opening chapter and the conclusion (Chapter 7) work together in either direction.

Conservation Canines

Animal Labour ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 65-88
Author(s):  
Renée D’Souza ◽  
Alice Hovorka ◽  
Lee Niel
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Control Agency ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Moral Issues ◽  
Work Lives ◽  
Good For ◽  
Environmental Work ◽  
Do So

For centuries, dogs have played a key role in the lives of humans both as companions as well as working animals. In recent years, the value of dogs in environmental work has been documented in the literature—namely their ability to detect targets more efficiently than humans and equipment. However, the environmental work dogs perform in Canada has been largely understudied in terms of both the specific tasks they are responsible for, as well as their welfare within these roles. This chapter addresses those gaps through an exploration of whether conservation canines could be an example of a humane job—one that is good for people, animals, and the environment. To do so this chapter explores tangible and moral issues related to dogs’ enjoyment of and suffering within conservation work, highlighting the complexity of dogs’ work-lives related to issues of freedom and consent. Findings are presented from two main case studies: Alberta and Ontario. An ethogram was used to assess dog welfare, while semi-structured interviews and participant observations revealed further insights into dogs’ work and work-lives. Ultimately, this chapter offers a discussion regarding how the study’s findings might inform assessment of humane jobs and work-lives, offering enjoyment, control, agency, respect, and recognition for dogs in this sector and for possibilities of fostering interspecies solidarity in other areas.

Rooted Men

2019 ◽  
pp. 159-176
Author(s):  
Jeffrey J. Sallaz
Keyword(s):  
Labor Force ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Call Center ◽  
English Language ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Language Fluency ◽  
English Language Fluency ◽  
Do So ◽  
Male Workers

Straight Filipino men are underrepresented (at approximately 15%) in the call center labor force. Gendered norms about Filipino masculinity, this chapter argues, have established English-language fluency as a feminine, or even gay, trait. “Real men,” so to speak, work with their hands and bodies rather than with their voices. Still, many Filipino men do pursue and obtain call center jobs. They do so as means by which to establish roots in the Philippines rather than migrate abroad. To work in the industry, however, straight men must be able to deflect various challenges to their masculinity. Case studies of male workers are used to illustrate this dynamic.

The Monologic Imagination

2017 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Mikhail Bakhtin ◽  
New Guinea ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Design ◽  
Do So

The pioneering and hugely influential work of Mikhail Bakhtin has led scholars in recent decades to see all discourse and social life as inherently “dialogical.” No speaker speaks alone because our words are always partly shaped by our interactions with others, past and future. Moreover, we never fashion ourselves entirely by ourselves but always do so in concert with others. Bakhtin thus decisively reshaped modern understandings of language and subjectivity. And yet, the contributors to this volume argue that something is potentially overlooked with too close a focus on dialogism: many speakers, especially in charged political and religious contexts, work energetically at crafting monologues, single-voiced statements to which the only expected response is agreement or faithful replication. Drawing on ethnographic case studies from the United States, Iran, Cuba, Indonesia, Algeria, and Papua New Guinea, the authors argue that a focus on “the monologic imagination” gives us new insights into languages’ political design and religious force, and deepens our understandings of the necessary interplay between monological and dialogical tendencies.

Genre Counterpoints

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Roesner
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Conventional Form ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Do So

This chapter offers three contemporary case studies of the British musical, which push the boundaries of what might normally be considered to belong to this art form and genre: Shockheaded Peter, Jerrry Springer: The Opera, and London Road. They do so by challenging conventional creation processes, theatrical and musical dramaturgies and idioms, performance aesthetics and topics. By contextualizing them within the theoretical discourse on ‘genre’, the author seeks to explore the dialogic nature of artwork and audience in relation to generic conventions and expectations, arguing that these are particularly relevant in the case of the musical. These case studies demonstrate the critical and even subversive potential that the musical—often unfairly dismissed as the most commercial and conventional form of music theatre—has.

scholarly journals The Limits of Liberal-Democracy Promotion

2009 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 383-405 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Hobson
Keyword(s):  
Case Studies ◽  
Liberal Democracy ◽  
Democracy Promotion ◽  
Positive Outcomes ◽  
Conceptual Frameworks ◽  
Per Se ◽  
State Of Affairs ◽  
Empirical Case Studies ◽  
Do So ◽  
The Way

One of the few unambiguously positive outcomes of the George W. Bush years is a greater interest in the practice of democracy promotion. However, the expansion of scholarship in this area has not been matched by an equal expansion in its scope. There continues to be an overwhelming tendency to focus exclusively on empirical case studies and policy prescriptions, usually informed by a set of unstated liberal assumptions. Nothing is necessarily wrong with this per se. The problem stems from the lack of attention directed toward the larger theoretical and conceptual frameworks that inform and shape these practices. Responding to this state of affairs, this article examines the way certain theoretical tendencies and commitments have helped give rise to many problematic aspects of liberal democracy promotion. It is necessary to challenge the restrictive framework that currently dominates. It is argued that to do so entails rethinking, extending, and pluralizing the way democracy itself is conceived.

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