The Contribution of Functional Load on Children’s Vocalic Development

Functional Load ◽

Phonological Contrasts ◽

Children's Speech ◽

Contradictory Data

Children’s phonology is replete with regular, predictable phenomena that nevertheless differ from adults. Discrepancies between adult and child speech cannot solely be attributed to environmental input, so immature motor development is often cited. Normally-developing children quickly acquire the motor skills and segment planning necessary to avoid these “errors.” But phonological development continues well into late-childhood. For example, age and segment duration/variability are negatively correlated in English and French. Here we present contradictory data from Chuquisaca Quechua that show children producing shorter vowel durations than adults and attribute this to the role of functional load (FL). Interest in FL as an explanatory device for phoneme merger and segment inventories has recently resurfaced, but extension of the metric to phonological acquisition has been limited. FL is an important concept to apply to children’s speech development because children’s relatively smaller lexicons may lead them to make different generalizations regarding the relative importance of certain phonological contrasts. We test this hypothesis in Chuquisaca Quechua, a language where we predict maximal distinctiveness between adult and child lexica due to the language’s morphological structure. We find that FL addresses this developmental pattern in the children’s vowels.

Regulatory and Planning Speech Functions Influence on the Senior Preschoolers’ and Junior Schoolchildren’s Voluntary Development

PSYCHOLINGUISTICS ◽

10.31470/2309-1797-2019-25-1-256-280 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 25 (1) ◽

pp. 256-280

Author(s):

Valentyna Poul ◽

Ostap Bodyk

Keyword(s):

Structural Model ◽

First Graders ◽

Time History ◽

Speech Development ◽

Preschool Age ◽

Behavior Development ◽

Experimental Works ◽

Volitional Behavior ◽

The article is based on the idea of studying the growth of the regulatory role of child’s speech in the activity organization and feasance and the conduct of child’s behavior. According to this idea, the child’s volitional behavior arises with the skills appearance to build speech utterances, when youngster begins to draw up a plan of his/her activity and regulate the process of his/her implementation with their help, i.e., the development of planning and regulatory speech functions is in progress. Emphasis is placed just on the problem of forming in children the ability to build utterances on their own in connection with the development of speech functions and their volitional development. It’s given the proof of the interconnection of the stages development of planning and regulatory speech functions in preschool and junior schoolchildren and the conditionality of the volitional development of children by the development of their speech skills and functions. The paper presents a functional-structural model of the development process optimization of planning and regulatory speech functions by children in forming their speech skills. It’s illustrated the structure of the program forming preschoolers’ and first graders’ skills to model speech utterances for their development of planning and regulatory speech functions, the formation of which is considered as one of the their volitional behavior development mechanisms. The effectiveness of this program has been experimentally proved. The results show the substantial children’s speech development changes, the positive will development dynamics, the time history in an interrelation between children’s will and speech development, namely: volitional development was connected with all connected speech indicators at the same time, in preschoolers – mainly with their utterances completeness and logic, in first-graders – with the understanding of the meaning of their own speech in activity. On the basis of the scientists’ theoretical and experimental works and presented empirical research results analysis it’s suggested to assume the senior preschool age as a sensitive for the regulatory speech function development and the junior school age – planning one.

A Systematic Review of the Literature on Early Vocalizations and Babbling Patterns in Young Children

Communication Disorders Quarterly ◽

10.1177/1525740118760215 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 40 (1) ◽

pp. 3-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Lydia Morgan ◽

Yvonne E. Wren

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Case Series ◽

Speech Development ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Bibliographic Databases ◽

Review Of The Literature ◽

Future Studies ◽

The Cochrane Library ◽

Children’s speech development begins in infancy. The pattern of this development has been explored in studies over a number of years using a range of research methodology and approaches to investigation. A systematic review of the existing literature was carried out to determine the collective contribution of this literature to our understanding of early vocalizations and babbling through the period 9 to 18 months. Eight bibliographic databases were searched as well as the Cochrane library. Thirteen studies were identified for inclusion, which were mostly longitudinal observational case series. The review identified progressive increases in the complexity and volume of infants’ early vocalizations through the period. It also found a broad order of phonological acquisition. Although the studies in this review demonstrated marked individual variation, the review provides indicative patterns of development which can be used as a basis to explore relationships with later speech development in future studies.

Phonotactic probabilities in young children's speech production

Journal of Child Language ◽

10.1017/s0305000904006233 ◽

2004 ◽

Vol 31 (3) ◽

pp. 515-536 ◽

Cited By ~ 79

Author(s):

TANIA S. ZAMUNER ◽

LOUANN GERKEN ◽

MICHAEL HAMMOND

Keyword(s):

Speech Production ◽

Phonotactic Probability ◽

Ambient Language ◽

Sound Patterns ◽

This research explores the role of phonotactic probability in two-year-olds' production of coda consonants. Twenty-nine children were asked to repeat CVC non-words that were used as labels for pictures of imaginary animals. The CVC non-words were controlled for their phonotactic probabilities, neighbourhood densities, word-likelihood ratings, and contained the identical coda across low and high phonotactic probability pairs. This allowed for comparisons of children's productions of the same coda consonant in low and high phonotactic probability environments. Children were significantly more likely to produce the same coda in high phonotactic probability non-words than in low phonotactic probability non-words. These results are consistent with the hypothesis that phonotactic probability is a predictor of coda production in English. Moreover, this finding provides further evidence for the role of the input and distribution of sound patterns in the ambient language as a basis for phonological acquisition.

On Some Peculiarities of Bilingual Children’s Speech Development

Armenian Folia Anglistika ◽

10.46991/afa/2011.7.1.077 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 7 (1 (8)) ◽

pp. 77-80

Author(s):

Naira Avakyan

Keyword(s):

Speech Development ◽

Bilingual Children ◽

The Family ◽

The article examines the stages and characteristics of speech development among bilingual children. Such phenomena as late speech and mixture of languages can be observed in the process of the speech development of bilingual children. The examples provided demonstrate the important role of the family in the development of bilingual children’s speech.

Questioning the role of lexical contrastiveness in phonological development: Converging evidence from perception and production studies

The Canadian Journal of Linguistics / La revue canadienne de linguistique ◽

10.1017/cnj.2018.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (4) ◽

pp. 580-608

Author(s):

Yvan Rose ◽

Sarah Blackmore

Keyword(s):

Speech Perception ◽

Phonological Development ◽

Lexical Development ◽

Production Studies ◽

Phonological Contrast ◽

Relative Independence ◽

Infant Speech Perception ◽

Perceptual Abilities ◽

Phonological Contrasts

AbstractIn this article, we address relations between lexical and phonological development, with an emphasis on the notion of phonological contrast. We begin with an overview of the literature on word learning and on infant speech perception. Among other results, we report on studies showing that toddlers’ perceptual abilities do not correlate with the development of phonological contrasts within their lexicons. We then engage in a systematic comparison between the lexical development of two child learners of English and their acquisition of consonants in syllable onsets. We establish a developmental timeline for each child's onset consonant system, which we compare to the types of phonological contrasts that are present in their expressive vocabularies at each relevant milestone. Like the earlier studies, ours also fails to return tangible parallels between the two areas of development. The data instead suggest that patterns of phonological development are best described in terms of the segmental categories they involve, in relative independence from measures of contrastiveness within the learners’ lexicons.

Vowel Acquisition in Hungarian: A First Look at Developmental Data

Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Berkeley Linguistics Society ◽

10.3765/bls.v28i1.3851 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 363

Author(s):

Kristina Zajdó

Keyword(s):

Speech Development ◽

Target Language ◽

Development Studies ◽

Phonological Development ◽

Older Children ◽

Vowel Production ◽

The Poor ◽

The Status ◽

Vowel Acquisition

Vowel acquisition in children is a poorly researched area of speech development. Studies of phonological acquisition and theories of phonological development assumed that vowels develop early. Until recently, vowels were no more than the "poor relations of consonants" (Ball and Gibbon 2002:xi). Phonological assessments of children with typical and atypical speech development routinely ignored to mention the status of vowel production. However, recent investigations have revealed that the path from the emergence of quasi-vowels in babbling to more adult-like vowel production capabilities of older children requires an awareness of the underlying vowel system of the target language as well as articulatory learning. While the age at which vowels are fully acquired is unknown, data suggest that the major steps of vowel development occur during the first six years of life.

Features of teaching students with motor skills disorder caused by hearing loss

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202127312092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 273 ◽

pp. 12092

Author(s):

Elena Mamedova ◽

Marina Skuratovskaya ◽

Natalia Grash

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Impairment ◽

Motor Skills ◽

Motor Development ◽

Speech Development ◽

Deaf Children ◽

Educational Institutions ◽

Primary Schoolchildren ◽

Motor Difficulties

This study analyses various disorders of general motor skills, voluntary finger movement, and articulatory motor skills of school-aged children with hearing loss. The analyzed disorders of the motor sphere of schoolchildren with auditory deprivation are not of a pronounced character but are one of the reasons for their lag in psychophysiological and speech development. The results of studies that reveal specific motor difficulties of deaf primary schoolchildren are considered. The role of dysfunction of the vestibular system in movement disorders in children with hearing impairment has been determined. Particular attention is paid to the consideration of the complex possibilities of correctional and developmental work of educational institutions for deaf children to overcome motor development disorders of deaf primary schoolchildren. The role of complex correctional and developmental work at the initial stage of school training in educational institutions for deaf children has been determined. The possibilities of using computer technologies as an effective resource in the motor and speech development of young schoolchildren with hearing impairment are shown.

Uzvici u dječjem govoru i dječjoj književnosti

Magistra Iadertina ◽

10.15291/magistra.3378 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 15 (2) ◽

pp. 57-88

Author(s):

Iva Babić

Keyword(s):

Children's Literature ◽

Motor Development ◽

Picture Books ◽

Speech Therapy ◽

Children’S Literature ◽

Speech Development ◽

Sentence Structure ◽

Development Stages ◽

Children's Speech ◽

Children's Poetry

This paper deals with the use of interjections in early language development and children’s literature with special emphasis on the syntactic role and meaning of interjections in statements and/or verses. In communication with children, children’s poetry and picture books, as well as children’s speech, interjections replace nouns, verbs and adverbs, i.e., they have a different syntactic function which is proven by the examples. Special emphasis is also being placed on the interjections’ function as exclamations in children’s statements and poetry which goes beyond sentence structure. The paper presents different development stages in acquiring first language, i.e., development stages in children’s speech production, and the frequency of using interjections in different sentence functions while mastering speech. Furthermore, it analyzes and provides examples of the use of interjections in children’s poetry from folk oral poetry to contemporary picture books as well as picture books for speech therapy. It emphasizes the influence of a child’s motor development on speech development, as well as the influence of motherese, parentese, i.e., speech which parents or guardians use with their children (baby-talk), and applying games and picture books for speech therapy in reading routines with children. Examples provided in the paper prove the polyfunctionality of interjections in children’s speech and children’s literature.

Physiologic Studies Provide New Perspectives on Early Speech Development

Perspectives on Speech Science and Orofacial Disorders ◽

10.1044/ssod20.2.29 ◽

2010 ◽

Vol 20 (2) ◽

pp. 29-36

Author(s):

Erin M. Wilson ◽

Ignatius S. B. Nip

Keyword(s):

Motor Control ◽

Motor Development ◽

Motion Tracking ◽

Speech Development ◽

Speech Motor Control ◽

Therapeutic Approaches ◽

Facial Motion ◽

Disordered Speech ◽

Speech Motor ◽

Physiologic Data

Abstract Although certain speech development milestones are readily observable, the developmental course of speech motor control is largely unknown. However, recent advances in facial motion tracking systems have been used to investigate articulator movements in children and the findings from these studies are being used to further our understanding of the physiologic basis of typical and disordered speech development. Physiologic work has revealed that the emergence of speech is highly dependent on the lack of flexibility in the early oromotor system. It also has been determined that the progression of speech motor development is non-linear, a finding that has motivated researchers to investigate how variables such as oromotor control, cognition, and linguistic factors affect speech development in the form of catalysts and constraints. Physiologic data are also being used to determine if non-speech oromotor behaviors play a role in the development of speech. This improved understanding of the physiology underlying speech, as well as the factors influencing its progression, helps inform our understanding of speech motor control in children with disordered speech and provide a framework for theory-driven therapeutic approaches to treatment.

MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE OF AVIATION TERMS

International journal of word art ◽

10.26739/2181-9297-2020-1-29 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 206-210

Author(s):

Ra`no Ergashova ◽

◽

Nilufar Yuldosheva

Keyword(s):

Morphological Structure ◽

The World ◽

The Creation ◽

Terminology System

The creation, regulation, lexical and grammatical research and interpretation of the system of terms in the field of aviation in the world linguistics terminology system are one of the specific directions of terminology. Research on specific features is an important factor in ensuring the development of the industry. This article discusses morphological structure of aviation terms. The purpose of the article is to analyze the role of aviation terms in the morphology of the Uzbek language and its definition.