Positive Impact of Physical Exercise on Brain Activity

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Yunkyeong Nam
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Aerobic Exercise ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Brain Activity ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Individual

A case study was conducted in order to track the human brain adapts to changing demands by physical exercise. Reaction time and amplitude discrimination capacity of the individual were measured with the Brain Gauge to monitor brain activity before and after aerobic exercise. The objective of the study was to determine if there were short-term and/or long-term effects of aerobic exercise.  The data suggests that there are short-term effects and some improvements in performance on the tasks when comparing metrics obtained after exercise to before exercise.  For this individual, aerobic exercise was a regular part of daily routine, there was no long-term effect detected over the relatively short duration of the study.

scholarly journals Feasibility and Enjoyment of Exercise Video Games in Older Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 559-559
Author(s):  
Sara Freed ◽  
Briana Sprague ◽  
Lesley Ross
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Video Games ◽  
Game Design ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Qualitative And Quantitative ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Xbox Kinect ◽  
Game Developers

Abstract Interventions using exercise video games, or exergames, have shown short-term cognitive and physical benefits to older adults, though long-term effects are less promising. Enjoyment of exergames may promote exergame use after the intervention period, though little work has examined older adults’ views of exergames before and after gameplay experience. We invited 20 older adults between 65 and 84 years of age (M=73.30, SD=5.95) to play two Xbox Kinect games, Just Dance and Kinect Sports Rivals, for twenty minutes. In our presentation, we will present qualitative and quantitative findings of this pilot study, including findings that older adults reported that they were not likely to play similar exergames in the future and that they did not find the exergames to be more fun compared to other ways of exercising. We will discuss implications for game design and research relevant to game developers, manufacturers, and researchers. Part of a symposium sponsored by Technology and Aging Interest Group.

scholarly journals Coach Mid-Season Replacement and Team Performance in Professional Soccer

2011 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Lago-Peñas
Keyword(s):  
Team Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Shock Effect ◽  
Professional Soccer ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Coach Mid-Season Replacement and Team Performance in Professional SoccerThe coaching carousel or turnover is an extreme but frequently occurring phenomenon in soccer. Among the reasons for firing a coach, the most common is the existence of a shock-effect: a new coach would be able to motivate the players better and therefore to improve results. Using data from the Spanish Soccer League during the seasons from 1997-1998 to 2006-2007, this paper investigates the relationship between team performance and coach change over time. The empirical analysis shows that the shock effect of a turnover has a positive impact on team performance in the short term. Results reveal no impact of coach turnover in the long term. The favourable short-term impact on team performance of a coach turnover is followed by continued gradual worsening of results. The turnover effect is non-existent when the comparison between the new coach and the old coach is done over 10, 15 or 20 matches before and after termination.

scholarly journals INDUSTRIALIZATION AND TRANSPORT IN INDONESIA ON ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATION

TRIKONOMIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Co2 Emissions ◽  
Environmental Degradation ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
Short And Long Term

Economic development in a country is indicated by an increase in the number of industrial sectors and other supporting facilities such as transportation. However, there is another impact on developments industrial sectors and transportation, especially environmental degradation. Air pollution is one of the environmental degradation. This research was conducted to determine the short-term and long-term environmental impact of industry and transport in Indonesia. The data analysis method in this research used Autoregressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) to see the short-term and long-term effects between research variables. The data used are data on CO2 emissions, the amount of industries and transport in Indonesia from 1965 - 2018. The results showed that the industry had a negative impact on increasing CO2 emissions in the short and long term. Meanwhile, transportation has a positive impact in the short term and a negative impact in the long term.

A Behavioral Workshop for Training Immediate Supervisors: The Key to Neck and Back Injuries?

1991 ◽  
Vol 73 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1159-1170 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven James Linton
Keyword(s):  
Musculoskeletal Injuries ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Course Content ◽  
Target Behaviors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Railroad System ◽  
And Behavior

This study investigated the short-term effects of a workshop for 22 immediate supervisors designed to reduce musculoskeletal pain injuries. One group of supervisors received training on how to deal with musculoskeletal injuries, while the control group of 14 received no training. 36 male immediate supervisors and 171 male employees within the Swedish railroad system completed questionnaires before and after the intervention. The trained supervisors' ratings showed that they enjoyed the workshop and believed that it improved their skills. Moreover, trained supervisors significantly more often than the controls showed target behaviors and attitudes compatible with course content. Finally, employees of the trained supervisors reported significantly more often than the control group that their supervisor used target behaviors. It is concluded that an educational program for immediate supervisors is viable and may lead to changes in attitude and behavior. Teaching supervisors to work with employees is a rich field for future investigation; the long-term effects of such programs need to be studied.

scholarly journals Acute and Chronic Periocular Massage for Ocular Blood Flow and Vision: a Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-13
Author(s):  
Naoyuki Hayashi, PhD ◽  
Lanfei Du, MSc
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Visual Acuity ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After

Introduction: The ocular blood flow (OBF) is responsible for supplying nutrition to the retina, which plays a fundamental role in visual function. Massage is expected to improve the blood flow and, consequently, vascular function. The aim of this study was to determine the shortterm and long-term effects of periocular massage on OBF and visual acuity. Methods: The OBF and visual acuity were measured in 40 healthy adults aged 20–30 years before and after massage, and also in control subjects. Three massage methods were used: applying periocular acupressure (“Chinese eye exercise”: CE), using a facial massage roller (MR), and using an automated eye massager (AM). The OBF and visual acuity were first measured before and after applying each type of massage for 5 min. Eye massage was then applied for 5 min once daily over a 60-day period, while the control group received no massage. The same measurements were then performed again. Results: Performing short-term periocular massage showed significant interactions in time and massage effects on visual acuity in CE and AM groups, and on OBF in AM group, while 60-day massage period exerted no significant effects. No significant relationship was found between OBF and visual acuity changes. Conclusions: These results suggest that short-term periocular massage with Chinese eye exercise and automated eye massager can improve OBF and visual acuity, although no causal relationship was supported.

scholarly journals Behavioral Conceptualization and Treatment of Chronic Pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 187-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan W.S. Vlaeyen ◽  
Geert Crombez
Keyword(s):  
Pain Treatment ◽  
Emotional Experience ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Environment Exposure ◽  
The Face ◽  
Repeated Pain ◽  
The Individual ◽  
And Control

Pain is considered a hardwired signal of bodily disturbance belonging to a basic motivational system that urges the individual to act and to restore the body's integrity, rather than just a sensory and emotional experience. Given its eminent survival value, pain is a strong motivator for learning. Response to repeated pain increases when harm risks are high (sensitization) and decreases in the absence of such risks (habituation). Discovering relations between pain and other events provides the possibility to predict (Pavlovian conditioning) and control (operant conditioning) harmful events. Avoidance is adaptive in the short term but paradoxically may have detrimental long-term effects. Pain and pain-related responses compete with other demands in the environment. Exposure-based treatments share the aim of facilitating or restoring the pursuit of individual valued life goals in the face of persistent pain, and further improvements in pain treatment may require a paradigm shift toward more personalized approaches.

scholarly journals The influence of standards and patents on long-term economic growth

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Knut Blind ◽  
Florian Ramel ◽  
Charolotte Rochell
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Growth Models ◽  
Panel Cointegration ◽  
International Standards ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Policy Makers

AbstractFormal standards codify knowledge. Next to patents representing the generation of innovative knowledge, standards can hence be used to proxy the diffusion of innovative knowledge in macroeconomic growth models. Previous work mainly investigates the positive impact of in particular patents, but also standards on economic growth in short term, single country studies. This study is the first to examine the long-term effects of formal standards and patents on economic growth in a panel of eleven EU-15 countries between 1981 and 2014 using panel cointegration techniques. From policy makers' perspective standardization has also gained recently an increasing attention, e.g. in the call for the development of a European standardization strategy in the update of the industrial strategy. Our results show that European and international standards foster growth for the group of countries but that national standards have ambiguous growth effects in the panel. For patents, no significant effect on growth in this group of countries is identified.

scholarly journals How Glaciers Function and How They Create Landforms: Testing the Effectiveness of Fieldwork on Students’ Mental Models—A Case Study from the Sanabria Lake (NW Spain)

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diego Corrochano ◽  
Alejandro Gómez-Gonçalves
Keyword(s):  
Mental Models ◽  
Mental Model ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Model Development ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Model Categories ◽  
Instruction Group ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Impact

This paper analyzes the impact of fieldwork on the development of students’ mental models concerning glaciers and their effects on the landscape. Data were collected by means of an open-ended questionnaire that was administered to 279 pre-service teachers before and after an educational field trip, which analyzed its impact on short-term and long-term outcomes. In general, students’ mental models about how glaciers function and how they create landforms are relatively simplistic and incomplete. Students are unaware of the major erosional properties associated with glaciers and many of them do not specify that glaciers are bodies of ice that have a tendency to move down slope. The analysis of the data yielded four mental model categories. Fieldwork influenced the short-term effects on mental model development even though its positive impact decreases over time. Mental models including scientific views were only found in the post-instruction group. On the other hand, the pre-instruction group was strongly influenced by a catastrophic event that occurred in the region in 1959 (the Ribadelago flooding), which interferes with students’ mental reasoning on the formation of landscape features. This way of thinking is reinforced and/or mixed with a religious myth (Villaverde de Lucerna legend), which also invokes a catastrophic origin of the lake. In this case, this includes mystic flooding.

scholarly journals Pulmonary Effects of Neonatal Hydrocortisone Treatment in Ventilator-Dependent Preterm Infants

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra E. A. de Jong ◽  
Floris Groenendaal ◽  
Frank van Bel ◽  
Karin J. Rademaker
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Preterm Infants ◽  
Preterm Neonates ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Hydrocortisone Administration ◽  
Ventilator Settings ◽  
Hydrocortisone Treatment

Background/Objective. Hydrocortisone, administered to ventilated preterm neonates to facilitate extubation, has no adverse long-term effects, but short-term pulmonary effects have not been described previously. In the present study, we analyzed effects of hydrocortisone on ventilator settings and FiO2in ventilator-dependent preterm infants.Patients and Methods. Fifty-five preterm children were included in this retrospective cohort study. Hydrocortisone was administered at a postnatal age of > 7 days to treat chronic lung disease (CLD). Ventilator settings before and after hydrocortisone administration were recorded as well as FiO2at 36 weeks' gestational age. Presence of cerebral palsy was assessed at a mean corrected age of 24.1 months.Results. Hydrocortisone administered at a median postnatal age of 14 days significantly reduced FiO2from a median of 0.39 to 0.30, mean airway pressure (MAP) from a median of 10.0 cm H2O to 7.6 cm H2O, and PaCO2from a median of 53.5 mmHg to 47 mmHg. Extubation was achieved in all patients. CLD at 36 weeks was present in 11 of the 52 patients (21.1%). None developed cerebral palsy.Conclusions. Hydrocortisone was effective in reducing the FiO2, MAP, and PaCO2and facilitated extubation. Hydrocortisone was not associated with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Does Individual Performance Feedback Increase the Use of Retrieval Practice?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luotong Hui ◽  
Anique B. H. de Bruin ◽  
Jeroen Donkers ◽  
Jeroen J. G. van Merriënboer
Keyword(s):  
Performance Feedback ◽  
Test Scores ◽  
Testing Effect ◽  
Retrieval Practice ◽  
Individual Performance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Individual Feedback ◽  
The Individual

AbstractThe testing effect—the power of retrieval practice to enhance long-term knowledge retention more than restudying does—is a well-known phenomenon in learning. However, retrieval practice is hardly appreciated by students and underutilized when studying. One of the reasons is that learners usually do not experience immediate benefits of such practice which often present only after a delay. We therefore conducted 2 experiments to examine whether students choose retrieval practice more often as their learning strategy after having experienced its benefits. In Experiment 1, students received individual feedback about the extent to which their 7-day delayed test scores after retrieval practice differed from their test scores after restudy. Those students who had actually experienced the benefits of retrieval practice appreciated the strategy more and used it more often after receiving feedback. In Experiment 2, we compared the short-term and long-term effects on retrieval practice use of individual performance feedback and general instruction about the testing effect. Although both interventions enhanced its use in the short term, only the individual feedback led to enhanced use in the long term by those who had actually experienced its benefits, demonstrating the superiority of the individual feedback in terms of its ability to promote retrieval practice use.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document