Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment; Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, Clinical Characteristics, and Management

Patient with diabetes mellitus have a higher prevalence of lens opacity 1and cataractdevelopment at an earlier age than non diabetic.2Cataract in diabetes mellitus decreasesthe visual acuity, makes posterior segment evaluation and laser treatment difficult.Several studies have shown that there is progression of diabetic retinopathy after cataractsurgery. In all studies, criteria for progression of diabetic retinopathy are:a) progression of any form/type or stage of diabetic eye (DE), nonproliferative diabeticretinopathy (NPDR) or proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) to any advanced,recurrent form/ type or stage of NPDR or PDR andb) development of new clinically significant macular edema (CSME) and/or worsening/recurrent of preexisting CSME defined by Early Treatment Diabetic RetinopathyStudy (ETDRS).• More severe the preexisting diabetic retinopathy (DR), much worse the DR aftercataract extraction. The progression of DR after cataract extraction is severe inIntracapsular Cataract Extraction (ICCE) than Extracapsular Cataract Extraction(ECCE) with Intraocular Lens (IOL) and Sutureless Small Incision CataractSurgery (SICS) and Phacoemulcification.• Progression of DR increases with complicated cataract surgery, like posteriorcapsular rupture (PCR), vitreous loss and prolonged surgery.• The first 6 months period is crucial as a minimum period of follow up to detectprogression of DR.• There are other several local and systemic risk factors for the progression of DR,like hypertension, renal failure, ischemic heart disease, high cholesterol andtriglyceride level, pregnancy etc.Key Words: Diabetic retinopathy, cataract surgery, risk factors

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Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment: Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) ◽

10.37783/crj-0145 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 138-141

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽

Retinal Diseases ◽

Retinal Tears ◽

Lattice Degeneration ◽

Major Factors

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is one of the most important retinal diseases requiring urgent surgical treatment. To be aware of the pathophysiology of the disease and to know the risk factors; it is crucial to prevent the development of the disease or overcome the complications that may arise and understand the surgical treatment principles. Major factors in the development of RRD: retinal tears, vitreous liquefaction, and detachment, traction on the retina surface. Myopia, previous cataract surgery, trauma, posterior vitreous detachment, lattice degeneration are the most important risk factors.

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Epidemiology, Prevalence and Incidence of Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment

Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) ◽

10.37783/crj-0153 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 135-137

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

High Myopia ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Pigment Epithelium ◽

Retinal Pigment ◽

Subretinal Fluid ◽

Cataract Extraction ◽

Common Type ◽

Associated Risk Factors

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is the most common type of retinal detachments and occurs when subretinal fluid accumulates between the neurosensorial retina and retinal pigment epithelium. Although often caused by vitreous liquefaction, cataract extraction, high myopia, inflammation, and trauma are other associated risk factors. In this article, epidemiology, prevalence, and incidence of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment are aimed to describe.

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Male Sex as a Risk Factor for Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment after Cataract Extraction in Taiwanese Adults

Ophthalmology ◽

10.1016/j.ophtha.2007.02.030 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 114 (10) ◽

pp. 1898-1903.e1 ◽

Cited By ~ 20

Author(s):

Shwu-Jiuan Sheu ◽

Luo-Ping Ger ◽

Jane-Fang Chen

Keyword(s):

Risk Factor ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Cataract Extraction ◽

Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment ◽

Male Sex

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Bilateral Simultaneous Retinal Detachment in Pseudophakia

Case Reports in Ophthalmology ◽

10.1159/000439374 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 298-300

Author(s):

Patrick Paquet ◽

Marie T. Fischer ◽

Peter Distelmaier ◽

Antje Mammen ◽

Linda M. Meyer ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Surgical Intervention ◽

Demographic Development ◽

Pseudophakic Retinal Detachment ◽

The Right

Cataract surgery is the most frequent surgical intervention, with approximately 700,000 operations per year in Germany alone. One of the most serious complications is retinal detachment, with a reported incidence rate of pseudophakic retinal detachment of 0.75-1.65%. We report the case of a patient who suffered from a simultaneous bilateral pseudophakic retinal detachment. Interestingly, the bilateral detachments in the left and the right eye started with only some hours' delay. He had no acute trigger for the retinal detachment and no risk factors besides the cataract surgery performed on both eyes some weeks earlier. Simultaneous bilateral retinal detachments will be more common, due to increasing numbers of cataract surgeries and the demographic development. We conclude that funduscopy should be regularly performed in mydriasis to avoid sight-threatening simultaneous bilateral retinal detachments.

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Shorter Axial Length Is a Risk Factor for Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy Grade C in Eyes Unmodified by Surgical Invasion

Journal of Clinical Medicine ◽

10.3390/jcm10173944 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (17) ◽

pp. 3944

Author(s):

Sakiko Minami ◽

Atsuro Uchida ◽

Norihiro Nagai ◽

Hajime Shinoda ◽

Toshihide Kurihara ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Propensity Score ◽

Confidence Interval ◽

Axial Length ◽

Proliferative Vitreoretinopathy ◽

Odds Ratio ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Surgical Failure

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors for the development of proliferative vitreoretinopathy grade C (PVR-C), independent of prior surgical invasion. Methods: Patients who underwent surgery for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment were prospectively registered with the Japan-Retinal Detachment Registry, organized by the Japanese Retina and Vitreous Society, between February 2016 and March 2017. Data obtained from general ophthalmic examinations performed before and at 1, 3, and 6 months after surgery were analyzed. Results: We included 2013 eyes of 2013 patients (men, 1326 (65.9%); mean age, 55.2 ± 15.2 years) from amongst 3446 registered patients. Preoperative PVR-C was observed in 3.6% of patients. Propensity score matching revealed that a shorter axial length (AL) was a risk factor for preoperative PVR-C (OR (Odds Ratio), 0.81; 95%CI (Confidence Interval), 0.69 to 0.96; p = 0.015), which was a risk factor for surgical failure (OR, 4.22; 95%CI, 1.12 to 15.93; p = 0.034); the association was particularly significant for eyes with an AL < 25.0 mm (p = 0.016), while it was insignificant for eyes with an AL ≥ 25.0 mm. Conclusions: A shorter AL was related to the development of PVR-C before surgical invasion. Our results will help elucidate the fundamental pathogenesis of PVR and caution clinicians to meticulously examine eyes with a shorter AL to detect retinal detachment before PVR development.

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Aphakic Retinal Detachment; Risk Factors, Pathogenesis, Clinical Characteristics, and Management

Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) ◽

10.37783/crj-0211 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 148-152

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Scleral Buckling ◽

Male Gender ◽

Retinal Breaks ◽

Vitreous Loss ◽

Pars Plana ◽

Anatomical Outcome ◽

Aphakic Retinal Detachment

Aphakia is one of the major risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD). Predisposing factors such as myopia, male gender, vitreous loss, young age facilitate the development of RD. Generally, aphakic RD does not any symptoms. Retinal breaks are located more in the superior retinal quadrant, equatorial, or near the Ora Serrata and are tended to small size. Pars plana vitrectomy and/or scleral buckling have a similar functional and anatomical outcome in treatment.

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Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment, Pathophysiology and Risk Factors

Güncel Retina Dergisi (Current Retina Journal) ◽

10.37783/crj-0154 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 138-141

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Surgical Treatment ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Cataract Surgery ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Posterior Vitreous Detachment ◽

Retinal Diseases ◽

Retinal Tears ◽

Lattice Degeneration ◽

Major Factors

Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment is one of the most important retinal diseases requiring urgent surgical treatment. To be aware of the pathophysiology of the disease and to know the risk factors; it is crucial to prevent the development of the disease or overcome the complications that may arise and understand the surgical treatment principles. Major factors in the development of RRD: retinal tears, vitreous liquefaction, and detachment, traction on the retina surface. Myopia, previous cataract surgery, trauma, posterior vitreous detachment, lattice degeneration are the most important risk factors.

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Clinical Patterns and risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment at a tertiary eye care centre of northern India

Nepalese Journal of Ophthalmology ◽

10.3126/nepjoph.v9i1.17536 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 60-65 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Brijesh Takkar ◽

Shorya Azad ◽

Indrish Bhatia ◽

Rajvardhan Azad

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Risk Factor ◽

Retinal Detachment ◽

Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment ◽

Tertiary Care ◽

Temporal Region ◽

Delayed Presentation ◽

Care Centre ◽

Retinal Break ◽

Northern India

Purpose: To identify patterns and risk factors for rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RD) in northern India. Methods: This was a retrospective study conducted at a tertiary care centre in northern India. 378 consecutive records of patient, operated between January 2011 to June 2012 were included for analysis. Clinical history, signs and risk factors of RD were evaluated. Comparison was done with available literature from other developing nations. Results: Mean age of the patients was 40.12 + 20.43 years (Range 12-85 years); 81% were male and half of the patients presented after 1 month of visual symptoms. Retinal breaks were discovered commonly in the temporal region, while no break was found in10% of the patients. PVR more than grade C was seen in a third of the patients. Prior surgery for cataract was found to be the most common identifiable risk factor for RD (40%). Bilateral RD was seen in 13% of the patients. Conclusion: Pseudophakia is the commonest risk factor for RD. If no retinal break is discovered pre operatively, the surgeon should seek a retinal break temporally during surgery. Bilateral RD is a serious concern for rural northern India, probably linked to delayed presentation.

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