scholarly journals La pandemia covid -19 y su impacto sobre el riesgo país del Ecuador. Un análisis coyuntural en el periodo 2020

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 13382-13409
Keyword(s):  
Resource Center ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Impacto Económico

La COVID‑19 enfermedad de carácter pandémico producida por un tipo de virus llamado SARS-CoV-2 descubierto como su primera sepa en China en la ciudad de Wujhan a finales del 2019, pandemia que ha afectado negativamente en la economía mundial. El objetivo de este estudio fue analizar el impacto económico y coyuntural de la pandemia COVID-19 en la economía ecuatoriana focalizando el estudio en el indicador económico Riesgo País. El estudio se sustenta en la data obtenida por el Banco Central del Ecuador (BCE) y el Coronavirus Resource Center de la Universidad Johns Hopkins University, centro especializado en la recolección de datos científicos para investigación a nivel mundial. Se desarrolló una investigación de tipo cuantitativa y cualitativa direccionada al análisis de casos de COVID-19 y el Riesgo País basándola en regresiones lineales, exponenciales y polinómicas, así como también un análisis correlacional. Se demostró el impacto de la COVID-19 en el Riesgo País, evidenciándose, entre otros aspectos, la complejidad de una gestión oportuna de carácter gubernamental, económica y de salud ante los impactos negativos de la pandemia. Los autores basados en esta investigación generaron un análisis coyuntural de la realidad ecuatoriana en el contexto pandémico en el 2020, con la finalidad de generar herramientas de análisis de información que permitan tomar decisiones oportunas y estratégicas para minimizar impactos no favorables por la COVID-19.

scholarly journals Hippocampal sclerosis dementia: An amnesic variant of frontotemporal degeneration

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chiadi U. Onyike ◽  
Olga Pletnikova ◽  
Kelly L. Sloane ◽  
Campbell Sullivan ◽  
Juan C. Troncoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorder ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Hippocampal Sclerosis ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Executive Dysfunction ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Illness Onset ◽  
Work Support ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Johns Hopkins University

ABSTRACT Objective: To describe characteristics of hippocampal sclerosis dementia. Methods: Convenience sample of Hippocampal sclerosis dementia (HSD) recruited from the Johns Hopkins University Brain Resource Center. Twenty-four cases with post-mortem pathological diagnosis of hippocampal sclerosis dementia were reviewed for clinical characterization. Results: The cases showed atrophy and neuronal loss localized to the hippocampus, amygdala and entorrhinal cortex. The majority (79.2%) had amnesia at illness onset, and many (54.2%) showed abnormal conduct and psychiatric disorder. Nearly 42% presented with an amnesic state, and 37.5% presented with amnesia plus abnormal conduct and psychiatric disorder. All eventually developed a behavioral or psychiatric disorder. Disorientation, executive dysfunction, aphasia, agnosia and apraxia were uncommon at onset. Alzheimer disease (AD) was the initial clinical diagnosis in 89% and the final clinical diagnosis in 75%. Diagnosis of frontotemporal dementia (FTD) was uncommon (seen in 8%). Conclusion: HSD shows pathological characteristics of FTD and clinical features that mimic AD and overlap with FTD. The findings, placed in the context of earlier work, support the proposition that HSD belongs to the FTD family, where it may be identified as an amnesic variant.

scholarly journals Reconcile the debate over protective effects of BCG vaccine against COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Fu ◽  
Pei-Chuan Ho ◽  
Chia-Lun Liu ◽  
Kai-Teh Tzeng ◽  
Nawar Nayeem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Bcg Vaccine ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Young Population ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Program Data

AbstractWhile awaiting the COVID-19 vaccines, researchers have been actively exploring the effectiveness of existing vaccines against the new virus, among which the BCG vaccine (Bacillus Calmette-Guérin) receives the most attention. While many reports suggest a potential role for BCG immunization in ameliorating SARS-CoV-2 infection, these findings remain controversial. With country-level COVID-19 outbreak data from Johns Hopkins University Coronavirus Resource Center, and BCG program data from World Atlas of BCG Policies and Practices and WHO/UNICE, we estimated a dynamic model to investigate the effect of BCG vaccination across time during the pandemic. Our results reconcile these varying reports regarding protection by BCG against COVID-19 in a variety of clinical scenarios and model specifications. We observe a notable protective effect of the BCG vaccine during the early stage of the pandemic. However, we do not see any strong evidence for protection during the later stages. We also see that a higher proportion of vaccinated young population may confer some level of communal protection against the virus in the early pandemic period, even when the proportion of vaccination in the older population is low. Our results highlight that while BCG may offer some protection against COVID-19, we should be cautious in interpreting the estimated effectiveness as it may vary over time and depend on the age structure of the vaccinated population.

scholarly journals GERIATRIC SYNDROMES AND SARS-COV-2: MORE THAN JUST BEING OLD

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
I. Aprahamian ◽  
M. Cesari
Keyword(s):  
Economic Consequences ◽  
World Health ◽  
Disease Spread ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Economic Problems ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Large Size ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
Health Organization

At the end of 2019, China released a warning about an outbreak of pneumonia due to unknown causes (1). It was subsequently identified as a new coronavirus, named severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a zoonotic large size RNA-based genome virus, responsible for this infectious disease (called Covid-19) (2). The disease spread worldwide. On March 11th 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared the state of pandemic, foretelling a catastrophe with major health and economic consequences. On April 3th, 1,039,166 cases of SARS-CoV-2 and 55,092 deaths have already been reported around the world (Johns Hopkins University & Medicine Coronavirus Resource Center; https://coronavirus.jhu.edu/map.html; last access April 4th). Unfortunately, the complete clinical and epidemiological picture of Covid-19 is still unclear. This coronavirus is highly contagious (primarily airborne, but also through contact with infected surfaces), and its severity ranges from asymptomatic/mild forms (the majority) to very severe cases (3). Currently, we are facing several challenges of difficult solution, such as lack of hospital and intensive care beds, shortage of personal protective equipment for health professionals, the loneliness and economic problems of isolated people, and the race for a vaccine and effective treatments.

scholarly journals THE VALUE OF EDUCATION IN THE CONTEXT OF COVID-19 PANDEMIC

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-313
Author(s):  
Agnaldo Arroio
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
World Health Organization ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
South American ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Johns Hopkins University ◽  
The World ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Health Organization

On March 24 of this year 2020, the World Health Organization (WHO) reported that the United States had the potential to become the new epicenter of the coronavirus pandemic, due to the data presented that infected more than 42,000 people in the United States at that time. President Donald Trump dismissed the seriousness of the growing threat of the virus. He trivialized the emergency by saying it was a "farce" from his political rivals. Today, May 23, according to the data from the Coronavirus Resource Center at Johns Hopkins University, there are more than 5 million confirmed victims in the world and of these more than 1,6 million in the United States alone, with more than 98 thousand deaths. Director Michael Ryan of the World Health Organization (WHO) emergency program announced on May 22 that South America has become the new epicenter of covid-19 in the world, considering data from Brazil. He said, "We have seen many South American countries with an increase in the number of cases and, clearly, there is concern in many of these countries, but certainly the most affected is Brazil at the moment".

Country Level Socioeconomic and Health System Indicators Explain COVID-19 Mortality Worldwide

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Noorchenarboo ◽  
Seyed Amirreza Mousavi ◽  
Hamed Moehimani
Keyword(s):  
Health System ◽  
Model Fit ◽  
Mortality Data ◽  
Final Model ◽  
Heritage Foundation ◽  
Resource Center ◽  
Country Level ◽  
Backward Elimination ◽  
Surgical Workforce ◽  
Johns Hopkins University

Background: COVID-19 mortality rates differ across countries. We aimed to construct a model that predicts mortality worldwide, by including only country-level socioeconomic and health system indicators and excluding variables related to short-term measures for pandemic management. Methods: COVID-19 mortality data was collected from Johns Hopkins University resource center. Additional sources were public reports from the United Nations, the World Bank and the Heritage Foundation. We implemented multiple linear regression with backward elimination on the selected predictors. Results: The final model constructed on seven Independent variables, significantly predicted COVID-19 mortality rate by country (F-statistic: 29.2, p<0.001). Regression coefficients (95% CI) in descending order of standardized effects: Annual tourist arrivals: 5.43 (4.03, 6.83); health expenditure per capita: 4.43 (2.92, 5.96); GDP (PPP): -4.60 (-6.81, -2.38); specialist surgical workforce per 100000: 2.63 (0.67, 4.59); number of physicians per 1000: -2.32 (-4.3, -0.28); economic freedom score: -1.35 (-2.60, -0.10); and total population: 1.66 (-0.19, 3.52). All VIF values were below 5, showing acceptable collinearity. R-squared (52.65%), adjusted R-squared (50.25%) and predicted R-squared (42.33%) showed strong model fit. Conclusion: limited country-level socioeconomic and health system indicators can explain COVID-19 mortality worldwide; emphasizing the priority of attending to these fundamental structures when planning for pandemic preparedness.

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