scholarly journals SAMPLES OF SOIL TREATMENT CONTAMINATED WITH OIL WASTE AND RADIOACTIVE SUBSTANCES

Neft i gaz ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (121) ◽  
pp. 118-129
Author(s):  
P.А. TANZHARIKOV ◽  
◽  
Z.М. KERIMBEKOVA ◽  
N.B. YERMUKHANOVA ◽  
А.А. ТASHIMOVA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Radionuclides ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Polluted Soils ◽  
Additional Food ◽  
Plant Uses ◽  
Number Of Microorganisms ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Oil production and transportation is a source of a large amount of waste. These wastes include oil sludge. The composition of these oil sludge, in addition to oil components, includes elements of natural radionuclides. The level of soil contamination with oil is caused by adverse effects on the plant, mainly changes in its physical and chemical properties (hydrophobic increase, filling of soil capillaries with oil) and direct toxic effects of toxic components contained in oil. The positive effect of sowing plants on oil-polluted soils is explained by the fact that the plant uses petroleum hydrocarbons as an additional food and improves the gas-air regime of polluted soils, while enriching it with various active additives, which ultimately stimulates the growth of the number of microorganisms and, accordingly, accelerates the decomposition of oil and petroleum products. The influence of waste containing petroleum components and elements of natural radionuclides on soil conditions and reduction of radioactivity by local sorbents was studied

Methodological approaches to modeling the conditions for the formation of technological losses of oil and petroleum products due to evaporation from tanks

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-393
Author(s):  
Кonstantin Е. Lesnykh ◽  
◽  
Aleksey А. Korshak ◽  
Nafis N. Khafizov ◽  
Andrey A. Kuznetsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Quantitative Composition ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Main Pipelines ◽  
Pumping Rates ◽  
Mathematical Relationships ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Storage Temperatures ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The conditions for the formation of technological losses of oil and petroleum products during transportation through the main pipelines are considered and it is established that the main sources of these losses are large and small airflows of reservoirs. The value of technological losses from evaporation from tanks depends on a large number of factors, in particular: storage temperatures, pumping rates, tank filling heights, physical and chemical properties of the transported liquid, tanks turnover. Until now, a unified approach to the procedure for determining the qualitative and quantitative composition of technological losses from the evaporation of hydrocarbons during storage has not been developed, which leads to disagreements in assessing the actual losses of energy carriers. According to the analysis, it was found that the best is the calculation method for determining the actual irrecoverable losses of hydrocarbons. Its application involves the use of mathematical relationships that describe the dynamics of evaporation of oil and petroleum products in real conditions. To establish such relationships, it is proposed to develop and implement a unit that enables simulation of the process of evaporation from tanks under various conditions and obtaining experimental data taking into account a combination of a variety of factors that affect the amount of the technological losses.

scholarly journals Development of Technology for Processing Oil Sludge with Application of Super High Frequency Electromagnetic Fields

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Tagiryanovna Harisova ◽  
Rail Idiatovich Saitov ◽  
Rinat Gazizyanovich Abdeev
Keyword(s):  
Microwave Heating ◽  
Electromagnetic Fields ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Special Equipment ◽  
Processing Technologies ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Oil Emulsions ◽  
Physical And Chemical

This article considers the problem of processing and disposing of oil sludge of various origins. Large oil companies are concerned about the problem of incomplete processing of oil sludge. The most hazardous from an environmental point of view include oil sludge formed at all stages of oil production, transportation and refining. In recent years, oil-producing enterprises have introduced various technological solutions aimed at waste management into production, but there is no single method for processing oil sludge for the purpose of neutralization and disposal. All known oil sludge processing technologies by processing methods can be divided into the following groups: thermal - burning in open barns, furnaces of various types, obtaining bitumen residues; physical - burial in special cemeteries, separation in a centrifugal field, vacuum filtration and filtration under pressure; physical and chemical - the use of specially selected reagents that change the physical and chemical properties, followed by processing on special equipment; and biological - microbiological decomposition in the soil directly in storage, biothermal decomposition. Each of them, while having certain advantages, also has its drawbacks. For over 50 years, microwave heating technology has been used in industry. To present the advantages of this method, one needs to turn to the theory of microwave heating. Keywords: oil sludge, oil waste, influence of electromagnetic fields, water-in-oil emulsions

scholarly journals Oil slurries and methods of their disposal

2020 ◽  
Vol 78 (4) ◽  
pp. 268-272
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Thermal Characteristics ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Oil Sludge ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Petrochemical Plant ◽  
Waste Oil ◽  
Road Materials ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

One of the most promising ways of recycling waste oil and oil refining industries, in particular oil sludge, is their processing into valuable building and road materials. Solving this issue can help reduce the negative impact on the environment, rational use of natural resources and improve the state's economy. In this regard, it is important to conduct research on the physical and chemical properties and thermal characteristics of oil sludge samples taken under the conditions of Pavlodar Petrochemical Plant LLP, which was the purpose of this work.

Determination of the Specific Mass Rate of Multicomponent Petroleum Products Burn-up

2021 ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
S.M. Khusnutdinova ◽  
◽  
F.Sh. Khafizov ◽  
I.F. Khafizov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Specific Heat ◽  
Heat Release ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Specific Mass ◽  
Mass Rate ◽  
Fire Extinguishing ◽  
Rate Of Heat Release ◽  
Development Assessment ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The specific mass burn-up rate of combustible substances (materials) in case of a fire, determines the heat release intensity, the temperature of burning, the intensity of fire development and other parameters. Like the rate of flame propagation, the mass burn-up rate depends on the physical and chemical properties of substances, their aggregate state, as well as other factors. The mass burn-up rate is used in modeling the process of fire development, assessment of the rate of heat release and the intensity of the supply of extinguishing agents to fire extinguishing installations. Currently, the values of the specific mass burn-up rate are given in various reference materials for a limited number of petroleum products. For single-component substances, the desired value can also be determined by calculation. The existing calculation formulas in theory are applicable for both simple and complex substances, and, in this case, there is a need to calculate the values of the specific heat of combustion and evaporation, the specific heat capacity of the substance. However, the process of complex hydrocarbon fuels burn-up differs significantly- it is due to the gradual burning out of individual fractions in their composition. Therefore, for complex substances the calculation should be made considering the changes in density and temperature during the process of burning. The methods for determining the specific mass rate of burnout of multicomponent petroleum products are considered, the universal nomogram and calculation formula are proposed that will allow determining the specific mass rate of burn-up, knowing the density of the petroleum product under normal conditions and its boiling point.

scholarly journals Soil environment of Pulsatilla vernalis (L.) Mill. at selected sites in the Polish lowland

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 267-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrzej Grzyl ◽  
Arkadiusz Niewiadomski ◽  
Beata Woziwoda
Keyword(s):  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Size Composition ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Ecological Indicator ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Species Preferences ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Habitat Parameters ◽  
And Chemical Properties

The paper presents soil conditions of <em>Pulsatilla vernalis</em> in the Polish lowland. There were determined species preferences in relation to physical and chemical properties, grain size composition and the type of soil. It has been found that <em>P. vernalis</em> prefers very poor sandy, acid, dry and permeable soils, with small water capacity. The range of habitat parameters at the lowland sites differs, however, from the conditions at the mountain sites. Due to specific habitats of the species, new ecological indicator values were proposed for the lowland sites of <em>P. vernalis</em>. The results of soil analysis presented in this paper, as well as other data related to biology of the species, should be accounted for in the active protection plan, including the processes of reintroduction and introduction of the species.

scholarly journals Solutions to Pollution Problems of Oil

2017 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-14
Author(s):  
Andesh Abdrakhmanov ◽  
Berikbay Orazaliyev ◽  
Beibut Zhusin ◽  
Symbat Tynysbekova ◽  
Barbara Krzysztofik
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Motor Oil ◽  
Theoretical Level ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

AbstractThe purpose of the research is to improve the processes of conservation indicators of quality petroleum products (POL). As a hypothesis, it was assumed that the quality of fuel depends on its main quality parameters that most strongly vary during storage and transportation. The methods were applied which are used at the theoretical level of research, such as abstraction, deduction, analysis and synthesis, etc. We presented the main problems of pollution of oil. Moreover, we provided indicators of physical and chemical properties of diesel fuel and motor oil, which characterize their performance and the list of used additives. We analysed the scientific and patent work. We provided solutions to the problem. Correct storage and use of fuel will help maintain its quality parameters and ensure safety and durability of machinery.

scholarly journals Effect of the Soil Amendments on the Physical and Chemical Properties of the Soil under Centre Pivot Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-128
Author(s):  
Dr. Ibrahim Naser ◽  
Emiliano Olbinado ◽  
Conrado Angeles ◽  
Abu Kashem A
Keyword(s):  
Bulk Density ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Potato Crop ◽  
Soil Amendments ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Fertilizer Application ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Cow Manure ◽  
Physical And Chemical

A field trial was conducted to evaluate the application of four soil amendments: sand, gypsum, cow manure and granular sulfur to improve the soil conditions under center pivot irrigation system to manage the mechanization of potato crop harvest in the autumn of 2012; the application of sand amendment was to facilitate mechanical harvest. Evaluation on the improvement of the soil properties were carried out during the growing season through monitoring the changes on soil texture and structure, saturation percentage, bulk density, soil pH and soil salinity. Clods formation occurred at all of the treatments at the harvest time an indication of negative structure improvement due to field trafficking for soil ridging, and spraying during the growing season. The clods samples contained higher %calcium carbonate and higher level of % (Silt+Clay) and less %sand than normal soil samples. Bulk density in the sand treatment was 1.41 gram/cm3 which was significantly higher than the other treatments which ranged 1.13 - 1.19 gram/cm3. Saturation percentage increased at all of the treatments over the period of the experiment from 21 to 31 an indication of significant improvement on the soil water holding capacity. Salinity as measured by the soil Ec was significantly increased over the period of the experiment due to fertilizer application, and salinity at the cow manure treatment was higher than other treatments due to high salt level in the cow manure which reached an Ec average of 5.57 mS/cm over the period of the experiment. Chloride and bicarbonate levels were high and increased on all of the treatments at most sampling occasions of the trial, and sodium level was within the acceptable level.

scholarly journals Soil Restoration through the Application of Organic Mulch Following Skidding Operations Causing Vehicle Induced Compaction in the Hyrcanian Forests, Northern Iran

Land ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1060
Author(s):  
Azadeh Khoramizadeh ◽  
Meghdad Jourgholami ◽  
Mohammad Jafari ◽  
Rachele Venanzi ◽  
Farzam Tavankar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Properties ◽  
Leaf Litter ◽  
Mineral Soil ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Soil Restoration ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Physical And Chemical Properties ◽  
Organic Mulch ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
And Chemical Properties

In this study an attempt was made to assess how different mulches affect the soil environment. In particular, different organic mulches such as leaf litter, straw and sawdust were tested in order to assess their capacities to amend the soil conditions. These analyses were carried out in the Hyrcanian mixed broadleaved forest. Organic mulches can compensate the litter layer loss on compaction-induced soil and accelerate the restoration process of soil properties, which takes from a few years to several decades without mulching. However, comprehensive knowledge on the effects of organic mulch on soil quality in terms of compaction-induced soil in the scientific literature is still scarce and inadequate. The main aim of the study was to examine the effects of three organic mulches (leaf litter, straw and sawdust) on the restoration of forestry vehicle-induced soil properties in the skid trail over a 2-year period. The results showed as the values of soil physical and chemical properties in litter, straw and sawdust treatments were significantly restored as compared with the values in the untreated soil. In general, leaf litter supplies nutrients at higher rates than the straw and sawdust mulches. However, according to the current results, a 2-year period is not enough to return the soil physical and chemical properties to pre-traffic levels. Furthermore, the present study shows that organic mulch spread on the surface of mineral soil in the skid trails after machine traffic acts as a fertilizer to accelerate the decomposition of organic matter.

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