High efficiency X-ray diffraction diagnostic spectrometer with multi-curvature bent crystal

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 113401
Author(s):  
Jun Shi ◽  
Tong Yao ◽  
Miao Li ◽  
Guohong Yang ◽  
Minxi Wei ◽  
...  
Author(s):  
W. Z. Chang ◽  
D. B. Wittry

Since Du Mond and Kirkpatrick first discussed the principle of a bent crystal spectrograph in 1930, curved single crystals have been widely utilized as spectrometric monochromators as well as diffractors for focusing x rays diverging from a point. Curved crystal diffraction theory predicts that the diffraction parameters - the rocking curve width w, and the peak reflection coefficient r of curved crystals will certainly deviate from those of their flat form. Due to a lack of curved crystal parameter data in current literature and the need for optimizing the choice of diffraction geometry and crystal materials for various applications, we have continued the investigation of our technique presented at the last conference. In the present abstract, we describe a more rigorous and quantitative procedure for measuring the parameters of curved crystals.The diffraction image of a singly bent crystal under study can be obtained by using the Johann geometry with an x-ray point source.


2016 ◽  
Vol 74 (3) ◽  
pp. 663-671 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. E. Burgos ◽  
Tatiana A. Ribeiro-Santos ◽  
Rochel M. Lago

Hydrophobic cavities produced by cetyltrimethylammonium cation (CTA+) exchanged and trapped in the interlayer space of montmorillonite were used to remove the harmful hormone contaminant ethinyl estradiol (EE2) from water. X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry/derivative thermogravimetry, elemental analysis (carbon, hydrogen, nitrogen), Fourier transform infrared, scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy, Brunauer–Emmett–Teller and contact angle analyses showed that the intercalation of 9, 16 and 34 wt% CTA+ in the montmorillonite resulted in the d001 expansion from 1.37 to 1.58, 2.09 and 2.18 nm, respectively. EE2 adsorption experiments showed that the original clay montmorillonite does not remove EE2 from water whereas the intercalated composites showed high efficiency with adsorption capacities of 4.3, 8.8 and 7.3 mg g−1 for M9CTA+, M16CTA+ and M34CTA+, respectively. Moreover, experiments with montmorillonite simply impregnated with cetyltrimethylammonium bromide showed that the intercalation of CTA+ to form the hydrophobic cavity is very important for the adsorption properties. Simple solvent extraction can be used to remove the adsorbed EE2 without significant loss of CTA+, which allows the recovery and reuse of the adsorbent for at least five times.


Author(s):  
Thierry Pauporté ◽  
Daming zheng

Nowadays, overcoming the stability issue of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) while keeping high efficiency has become an urgent need for the future of this technology. By using x-ray diffraction (XRD),...


2020 ◽  
Vol 989 ◽  
pp. 296-300
Author(s):  
Tatiana Vasilievna Tarasova ◽  
I.S. Belashova ◽  
S.D. Kuzmin ◽  
S.A. Egorov

In this paper effect of a fiber laser on the microstructure and properties of steels 95X18 and 12X18H10T is shown. The regularities of changes in the structure of a laser-treated surface by X-ray diffraction and X-ray microscopic analyzes were studied. The high efficiency of laser heat treatment of steel 95X18 with the subsequent tempering, to improve the tribological properties of the surface layers has been established. For steel 12X18H10T laser shock hardening method (405 HV) is recognized to be effective.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wei Guan ◽  
Kuang He ◽  
Jianwei Du ◽  
Yong Wen ◽  
Mingshan Li ◽  
...  

The synthesized g-C3N4/MoS2 composite was a high-efficiency photocatalytic for hypophosphite oxidation. In this work, a stable and cheap g-C3N4 worked as the chelating agent and combined with the MoS2 materials. The structures of the fabricated g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalyst were characterized by some methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectra (XPS). Moreover, the photocatalytic performances of various photocatalysts were measured by analyzing the oxidation efficiency of hypophosphite under visible light irradiation and the oxidation efficiency of hypophosphite using the g-C3N4/MoS2 photocatalyst which was 93.45%. According to the results, the g-C3N4/MoS2 composite showed a promising photocatalytic performance for hypophosphite oxidation. The improved photocatalytic performance for hypophosphite oxidation was due to the effective charge separation analyzed by the photoluminescence (PL) emission spectra. The transient photocurrent response measurement indicated that the g-C3N4/MoS2 composites (2.5 μA cm–2) were 10 times improved photocurrent intensity and 2 times improved photocurrent intensity comparing with the pure g-C3N4 (0.25 μA cm–2) and MoS2 (1.25 μA cm–2), respectively. The photocatalytic mechanism of hypophosphite oxidation was analyzed by adding some scavengers, and the recycle experiments indicated that the g-C3N4/MoS2 composite had a good stability.


2001 ◽  
Vol 16 (11) ◽  
pp. 3133-3138 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Liu ◽  
X. Zhang ◽  
Yingjiu Zhang ◽  
Rongrui He ◽  
Jing Zhu

A relatively low-cost, high-efficiency method is reported to synthesize AlN nanowires, using carbon nanotubes as templates. The AlN nanowires were fabricated at 1100 °C, for 60 min. The diameters of the product could be roughly controlled by the sizes of carbon nanotubes selected as starting materials. The AlN nanowires obtained were among the thinnest ever known. X-ray diffraction, selected-area diffraction, energy dispersive spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy, etc. were employed to characterize the products, which were found to be single crystals with some defects. The axes of the nanowires are normal to {1010} crystal planes. A new synthesis mechanism is proposed.


2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Feng-Zhen Hua ◽  
Chao Feng ◽  
Wei-Nan Xie ◽  
Yi-Ni Luo ◽  
Ling-Mei Zhang ◽  
...  

Abstract Two new coordination polymers, namely, [Cu2(L)2(4,4′-bpy)]n (1) and [Cd(HL)Cl(1,10′-phen)]n (2) (H2L = 1H-pyrazole-3-carboxylic acid, 4,4′-bpy = 4,4′-bipyridine, 1,10′-phen = 1,10-phenanthroline) have been synthesized via solvothermal method and were structurally characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, FT-IR, elemental analysis and PXRD. The two complexes are both infinite 1D chain structures, in complex 1 the H2L ligands are completely deprotonated and chelating the metal centers, while in complex 2, H2L ligands play a role in chelating-bridging the metal centers. What’s more, the two complexes further extended to 3D supramolecular networks by hydrogen bonds and weak C–H⋯π interactions. The weak intermolecular interactions existed in the complexes structures were further studied by Hirshfeld surface analysis and 2D fingerprint plots. In addition, these two transition mental complexes exhibit high intense electrochemiluminescence (ECL) in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) and after ten circulations the ECL intensity still remains stable, which can be a useful guide for the construct of new polymers ECL materials.


2013 ◽  
Vol 742 ◽  
pp. 346-350
Author(s):  
Wei Zhe ◽  
Bao Kun Zhu ◽  
Tou Gen Liao ◽  
Zhi Qiang Li ◽  
Hai Yan Yang ◽  
...  

Mesoporous cobalt doped aluminium oxide (Co/MAl2O3/RL) was synthesized using rubber latex as biotemplate by hydrothermal method. The synthesized mesoporous aluminium oxide samples were characterized by a combination of various physicochemical techniques, such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), N2adsorption/desorption and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR). Espciallly, Co/MAl2O3/RL exhibited a high efficiency of acetaldehyde adsorption from mixed gaseous mixture.


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