scholarly journals Properties of materials for advanced technology of joint utilization of man-made waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (6) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
Igor N. Tanutrov ◽  
◽  
Marina N. Sviridova ◽  
Sergey A. Lyamkin ◽  
Yury A. Chesnokov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Main Components

With the aim of improving the technology of co-processing of red mud (RM) and oily mill scale free (OMS) using co-temporal methods and apparatus, including using equipment of the center «Ural-M», studied the physico-chemical properties of industrial wastes. The main components of RM are: Fe (35.7%) in the form of hematite and complex hydroalumination, Ca (11.0%) in the form of calcite and hydro-aluminosilicates, Al (6.8%) and Si (4.7%) in the composition of hydroalumination, Na (2.8%) in the form of hydroalumination, carbonate and hydroxide, Ti (2.5%) in the form of rutile. The sludge moisture content was 11.9%. The main components of the OMS are: Fe (71%) in the form of magnetite, wustite and hematite with a very small amount of fayalite. The contents of Si (in the form of quartz), Al and P (non-forming phases) are within 1-3%. Humidity OMS – 16.3%, the content of indelible organic matter – 4.0%. Granulometric composition of RM is characterized by high dispersion. With an average diameter of 1.6 µm, all particle sizes are in the range of 0.5-12 µm. Granulometric composition of OMS is characterized by complexity. With an average diameter of 8.6 µm, maxima of 0.9 µm and 15 µm and a minimum of about 1.2 µm are observed in the particle size distribution. The specific surface area of the materials is equal to RM 23.7 m2/g, and OMS – 1.9 m2/g. The change of waste properties after exposure to aqueous solutions of alkalis and acids neutralizing the effect of organic (OMS) and alkaline (RM) surface compounds was studied. Neutralization of aqueous sus¬pension with HCl solution leads to removal of alkaline film from the surface. As a result of the impact of reagents, there is a decrease in the content of water-soluble components in the processing products. At the same time, the average particle sizes of RM and OMS increase to 2 and 14 µm, respectively, and the specific surface area to 25.7 and 2.3 m2/g. The distribution of particle size of RM is almost constant, and the OMS is approximately 5 and 10% of the smoothed maximum and minimum in the area of at least 0.5 and 15 µm.

scholarly journals Research to Develop a Promising Technology for the Joint Disposal of Man-made Wastes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Nikolaevich Tanutrov ◽  
Marina Nikolaevna Sviridova ◽  
Sergey Anatolievich Lyamkin ◽  
Yriy Anatolievich Chesnokov ◽  
Lubov Andreevna Ovchinnikova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Granulometric Composition ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Main Components ◽  
The Impact

The main components of RM are: Fe (35.7 %) in the form of hematite and complex hydroalumination, Ca (11.0 %) in the form of calcite and hydro-aluminosilicates, Al (6.8 %) and Si (4.7 %) in the composition of hydroalumination, Na (2.8 %) in the form of hydroalumination, carbonate and hydroxide, Ti (2.5 %) in the form of rutile. The main components of the OMS are: Fe (71 %) in the form of magnetite, wustite and hematite with a very small amount of fayalite. The contents of Si (in the form of quartz), Al and P (non-forming phases) are within 1–3 %. Granulometric composition of RM is characterized by high dispersion. With an average diameter of 1.6 μm, all particle sizes are in the range of 0.5–12 μm. Granulometric composition of OMS is characterized by complexity. With an average diameter of 8.6 μm, maxima of 0.9 μm and 15 μm and a minimum of about 1.2 μm are observed in the particle size distribution. The specific surface area of the materials is equal to RM 23.7 m2/g, and OMS – 1.9 m2/g. The change of waste properties after exposure to aqueous solutions of alkalis and acids neutralizing the effect of organic (OMS) and alkaline (RM) surface compounds was studied. Neutralization of aqueous suspension with HCl solution leads to removal of alkaline film from the surface. As a result of the impact of reagents, there is a decrease in the content of water-soluble components in the processing products. At the same time, the average particle sizes of RM and OMS increase to 2 and 14 μm, respectively, and the specific surface area to 25.7 and 2.3 m2/g. The distribution of particle size of RM is almost constant, and the OMS is approximately 5 and 10 % of the smoothed maximum and minimum in the area of at least 0.5 and 15 μm. Keywords: red mud, oiled mill scale, chemical, phase, granulometric, composition, specific surface

Influence of Powder Particle Size of Slurries on Mechanical Properties of Porous Hydroxyapatite Ceramics

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 365-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yin Zhang ◽  
Yoshiyuki Yokogawa ◽  
Tetsuya Kameyama
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Particle Sizes ◽  
Wet Milling ◽  
Median Particle Size ◽  
Powder Characteristics ◽  
Median Particle

The effect of different particle sizes on the flexural strength and microstructure of three different types of hydroxyapatite (HAp) powders was studied. The powder characteristics of laboratory synthesized HAp powder (Lab1 and Lab2) were obtained through a wet milling method, and the median particle size and the specific surface area of powders are different with the dryness period. The median particle sizes of Lab1 and Lab2 are 0.34 µm and 0.74 µm, and the specific surface areas of Lab1 and Lab2 are 38.01 m2/g and 19.77 m2/g. The commercial HAp had median particle size of 1.13 µm and specific surface area of 11.62m2/g. The different powder characteristics affected the slip characteristics, and the flexural strength and microstructure of the sintered porous HAp bodies are also different. The optimum value for the minimum viscosity in these present HAp slip with respect to its solid loading and the optimum amount of the deflocculant were investigated. The flexural strengths of the porous HAp ceramics prepared by heating at 1200°C for 3 hrs in air were 17.59 MPa for Lab1 with a porosity of 60.48％, 10.51 MPa for Lab2 with a porosity of 57.75％, and 3.92 MPa for commercial HAp with a porosity of 79.37％.

scholarly journals The Effects of Vinegar Processing on the Changes in the Physical Properties of Frankincense Related to the Absorption of the Main Boswellic Acids

Molecules ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 24 (19) ◽  
pp. 3453
Author(s):  
Dongrui Liang ◽  
Zhangchi Ning ◽  
Zhiqian Song ◽  
Chun Wang ◽  
Yuanyan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Surface Morphology ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Analysis Method ◽  
Boswellic Acids ◽  
Main Components

Boswellic acids (BAs), as the main components of frankincense, exhibit notable anti-inflammatory properties. However, their pharmaceutical development has been severely limited by their poor oral bioavailability. Traditional Chinese medicinal processing, called Pao Zhi, is believed to improve bioavailability, yet the mechanism is still completely unclear. Previous research suggested that the bioavailability of a drug can be influenced by physical properties. This paper was designed to investigate the physical properties of frankincense and processed frankincense, including the surface morphology, particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), zeta potential (ZP), specific surface area, porosity, and viscosity. The differences in the intestinal absorption characteristics and equilibrium solubilities between frankincense and processed frankincense were determined by an ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a triple quadrupole electrospray tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-TQ-MS) analysis method. The results showed that vinegar processing can alter the surface morphology, decrease the particle size and PDI, raise the absolute values of the ZP, specific surface area and porosity, and drop the viscosity of frankincense. Meanwhile, the rates of absorption and dissolution of the main BAs were increased after the processing of frankincense. The present study proves that the physical properties were changed after processing, in which case the bioavailability of frankincense was enhanced.

Characterization of Precipitated Calcium Carbonate from Eggshell Powder

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 228-231
Author(s):  
Wimonlak Sutapun ◽  
Yupaporn Ruksakulpiwat ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn ◽  
Rachasit Jeencham ◽  
Ajcharaporn Aontee
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Spherical Shape ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
Single Step ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate

In this work, PCC was prepared from chicken eggshell powder (ESP) by dissolving 100 g ESP in 1 M hydrochloric acid at room temperature. Under vigorous stirring, PCC was precipitated from the ESP-dissolved solution using 1 M sodium carbonate solution. The dried PESP (precipitated eggshell powder) was then characterized by particle size analyzer, X-ray diffractometer, Brunauer-Emmett-Teller surface analyzer and thermogravimetric analyzer. The particle shape of the PESP was revealed using scanning electron microscope. It was found that PESP was a binary mixer of calcite and vaterite. The particles were in cubic and spherical shape. In addition, PESP had a volume average diameter of 8.16 μm, D[V, 0.5] of 7.22 μm, D[V,0.9] of 16.57 μm, and the specific surface area of 4.38 m2/g. The average particle size was lower than and the specific surface area was higher than that of ESP. The decomposition process of PESP occured in a single step between 610 and 770 °C, with 44.43% weight loss.

Physical Properties Variability of Zinc Powders Obtained by Electrochemical Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 316 ◽  
pp. 689-693
Author(s):  
K.D. Naumov ◽  
V.G. Lobanov
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Zinc Concentration ◽  
Regulatory Change ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Zinc Powders

The aim of this paper is to establish a regulatory change of zinc powders key physicochemical properties with varying electroextraction conditions. It was studied influence zinc concentration, alkali concentration and current density. Quantitative dependencies of zinc powders particle size and specific surface area from mentioned electroextraction parameters are shown. At increasing of zinc concentration, decreasing of NaOH concentration and decreasing of current density of powders particle size growth, correspondingly specific surface area is declined. It is indicated, that electrolytic zinc powders bulk density varies from 0.61 g/cm3 to 0.75 g/cm3 with a decrease of average particle size from 121 μm to 68 μm. In comparison, spherical powders bulk density used in various industries is currently 2.45-2.6 g/cm3. In all experiments, metal zinc content varied in the range of 91.1-92.5%, the rest - ZnO. To a greater extent, this indicator depends on powder washing quality from alkali and storage conditions.

SYNTHESIS AND CHARACTERIZATION OF FERROELECTRIC NANOCRYSTAL POWDERS OF SrBi2Ta2O9 BY A POLYMERIZABLE COMPLEX METHOD

2005 ◽  
Vol 19 (15n17) ◽  
pp. 2514-2519 ◽  
Author(s):  
JIN-BO CHENG ◽  
AI-DONG LI ◽  
QI-YUE SHAO ◽  
YUE-FENG TANG ◽  
DI WU
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Thermal Analyses ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
Complex Method ◽  
Powder Synthesis ◽  
Conventional Solid State Reaction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Average Size

Ferroelectric nanocrystal powders of SrBi2Ta2O9 (SBT) have been first prepared by a polymerizable complex (PC) route. The bismuth powder, strontium carbonate, and water-soluble tantalum oxalate solution were used as starting materials. Thermal analyses (TGA and DSC), x-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and conventional BET method were explored to characterize the structure, morphology, and specific surface area of PC-derived SBT powders calcined at 500-850 °C. As control samples, SBT powders were also fabricated by metalorganic decomposition (MOD) method. The XRD and TEM results indicate that high pure and well crystalline powders can be obtained at 650 °C with a average size of 50 nm. The PC-derived powder has much larger surface area than MOD-derived powder. The BET value of PC and MOD powder at 750 °C for 2h is 6.7 and 1.5m2/g, respectively. The specific surface area of powder prepared by conventional solid-state reaction is quite low, typically less than 1.5m2/g. Therefore, the feasibility of the polymerizable complex route is demonstrated in the powder synthesis of SBT with large surface area.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Spherical Silica by Sol-Gel Method and Its Application as Catalyst Support

2011 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Anirut Leksomboon ◽  
Bunjerd Jongsomjit
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ethylene Glycol ◽  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Weight Ratio ◽  
Gel Method ◽  
Sol Gel Method ◽  
Spherical Silica

In this present study, the spherical silica support was synthesized from tetraethyloxysilane (TEOS), water, sodium hydroxide, ethylene glycol and n-dodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (C12TMABr). The particle size was controlled by variation of the ethylene glycol co-solvent weight ratio of a sol-gel method preparation in the range of 0.10 to 0.50. In addition, the particle size apparently increases with high weight ratio of co-solvent, but the particle size distribution was broader. The standard deviation of particle diameter is large when the co-solvent weight ratio is more than 0.35 and less than 0.15. However, the specific surface area was similar for all weight ratios ranging from 1000 to 1300 m2/g. The synthesized silica was spherical and has high specific surface area. The cobalt was impregnated onto the obtained silica to produce the cobalt catalyst used for CO2 hydrogenation.</

scholarly journals Preparation of Zirconia Nanofibers by Electrospinning and Calcination with Zirconium Acetylacetonate as Precursor

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1067 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyacheslav V. Rodaev ◽  
Svetlana S. Razlivalova ◽  
Andrey O. Zhigachev ◽  
Vladimir M. Vasyukov ◽  
Yuri I. Golovin
Keyword(s):  
Specific Surface ◽  
Surface Area ◽  
Specific Surface Area ◽  
Heterogeneous Catalysts ◽  
Tetragonal Zirconia ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Average Diameter ◽  
High Specific Surface Area ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Adsorption Analysis

For the first time, zirconia nanofibers with an average diameter of about 75 nm have been fabricated by calcination of electrospun zirconium acetylacetonate/polyacrylonitrile fibers in the range of 500–1100 °C. Composite and ceramic filaments have been characterized by scanning electron microscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, nitrogen adsorption analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, and X-ray diffractometry. The stages of the transition of zirconium acetylacetonate to zirconia have been revealed. It has been found out that a rise in calcination temperature from 500 to 1100 °C induces transformation of mesoporous tetragonal zirconia nanofibers with a high specific surface area (102.3 m2/g) to non-porous monoclinic zirconia nanofibers of almost the same diameter with a low value of specific surface area (8.3 m2/g). The tetragonal zirconia nanofibers with high specific surface area prepared at 500 °C can be considered, for instance, as promising supports for heterogeneous catalysts, enhancing their activity.

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