scholarly journals Long-term 32-hours continuous shifts increases progesterone, IL-1β, TNF-α, IL-6, eosinophil count and attention performance in female pediatric resident

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pınar ÇAKAN ◽  
Sedat YILDIZ
Keyword(s):  
Eosinophil Count ◽  
Pediatric Resident ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Attention Performance

scholarly journals The 3-Year Effect of the Mediterranean Diet Intervention on Inflammatory Biomarkers Related to Cardiovascular Disease

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 862
Author(s):  
Mireia Urpi-Sarda ◽  
Rosa Casas ◽  
Emilio Sacanella ◽  
Dolores Corella ◽  
Cristina Andrés-Lacueva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Mediterranean Diet ◽  
Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Extra Virgin Olive Oil ◽  
Inflammatory Biomarkers ◽  
Year Effect ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The intervention with the Mediterranean diet (MD) pattern has evidenced short-term anti-inflammatory effects, but little is known about its long-term anti-inflammatory properties at molecular level. This study aims to investigate the 3-year effect of MD interventions compared to low-fat diet (LFD) on changes on inflammatory biomarkers related to atherosclerosis in a free-living population with a high-risk of cardiovascular disease (CD). Participants (n = 285) in the PREDIMED trial were randomly assigned into three intervention groups: MD with extra-virgin olive oil (EVOO) or MD-Nuts, and a LFD. Fourteen plasma inflammatory biomarkers were determined by Luminex assays. An additional pilot study of gene expression (GE) was determined by RT-PCR in 35 participants. After 3 years, both MDs showed a significant reduction in the plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α, IFN-γ, hs-CRP, MCP-1, MIP-1β, RANTES, and ENA78 (p < 0.05; all). The decreased levels of IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α after MD significantly differed from those in the LFD (p < 0.05). No significant changes were observed at the gene level after MD interventions, however, the GE of CXCR2 and CXCR3 tended to increase in the control LFD group (p = 0.09). This study supports the implementation of MD as a healthy long-term dietary pattern in the prevention of CD in populations at high cardiovascular risk.

Long-Term Exercise Training Selectively Alters Serum Cytokines Involved in Fever

2009 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pamela Johnson Rowsey ◽  
Bonnie L. Metzger ◽  
John Carlson ◽  
Christopher J. Gordon
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Core Temperature ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Chronic Exercise ◽  
Serum Cytokines ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Running Wheels

Long-term exercise training selectively alters serum cytokines involved in fever. Chronic exercise training has a number of effects on the immune system that may mimic the physiological response to fever. Female rats that voluntarily exercise on running wheels develop an elevated daytime core temperature after several weeks of training. It remains to be seen whether the elevation in daytime temperature involves inflammatory patterns characteristic of an infectious fever. We assessed whether chronic exercise training in the rat would alter levels of cytokines involved in fever. Female Sprague Dawley rats at 45 days of age weighing 90—110 g were divided into two groups (exercise and sedentary) and housed at an ambient temperature of 22°C. Interleukin-1 beta (IL-1β), interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-10 (IL-10), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), iron, and zinc levels were analyzed. Rats underwent 8 weeks of exercise on running wheels. Exercise led to altered levels of some key cytokines that are involved in fever. Exercise animals had significantly higher IL-1β levels and lower IL-10 levels compared to sedentary animals. Although IL-6 levels were slightly lower in the exercise animals, these levels were not significantly affected by training. TNF-α activity was similar in the two groups. Training also led to a slight increase in serum zinc and decrease in serum unsaturated iron binding capacity (UIBC). The data suggest that chronic exercise training evokes immune responses that mimic some, but not all, aspects of fever. This may explain why exercise leads to elevated daytime core temperature.

Inhaled Particulate Matter Affects Immune Responsiveness of Human Lung Phagocytes to Mycobacteria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandon Anton Paarwater ◽  
Jomien Mouton ◽  
Samantha L Sampson ◽  
Stephanus T Malherbe ◽  
Jane A Shaw ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Post Infection ◽  
Ex Vivo ◽  
Early Time ◽  
Immune Responsiveness ◽  
Phenotypic Profile ◽  
Host Protection ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Long Term Impact

The influence of smoke- or air pollution-derived cytoplasmic particulate matter (PM) can be detrimental and lead to failed lung immunity. We investigated mycobacterial uptake, intracellular replication, and soluble immune mediator responses of human bronchoalveolar lavage cells (BALC) loaded with/without PM, to infection with mycobacterial strains. We observed that only BALC containing PM display an ex vivo phenotypic profile dominated by spontaneous interleukin (IL) -10 production. PM loaded BALC retained the ability to phagocytose both Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette Guérin (BCG) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) ΔleuDΔpanCD at equal efficacy as clear non-PM loaded BALC. However, immune responsiveness, such as the production of IL-6 (p=0.015) and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α (p= 0.0172) immediately post M.bovis BCG infection, were dramatically lower in black BALC loaded with PM versus clear non-PM loaded BALC. By 24 hour post infection, differential immune responses to M.bovis BCG between black versus clear BALC waned, and instead, production of IL-6 (p= 0.03) and IL-1α (p= 0.04 ) by black BALC were lower versus clear BALC following M.tb ΔleuDΔpanCD infection. Considering that TNFα and IL-6 are characterized as critical to host protection against mycobacteria, our findings suggest that BALC loaded with inhaled PM, display lower levels of anti-mycobacterial mediators, and that the response magnitude differs according to infective mycobacterial strain. Even though this did not translate into altered mycobacterial killing at early time points post infection, the long-term impact of such changes remains to be established.

scholarly journals Effect of dobutamine on intrinsic myocardial function and myocardial apoptosis in septic rats with myocardial dysfunction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang-Xu Tang ◽  
Ya-Qian Xu ◽  
Xiao-Meng Dai ◽  
Yun Xing ◽  
Duo-Meng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Myocardial Function ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cecal Ligation ◽  
Left Ventricular ◽  
Cardiomyocyte Apoptosis ◽  
Fatty Acid Binding ◽  
Myocardial Apoptosis ◽  
Tnf Α

Abstract Background Dobutamine (DOB) has been recommended as the first-line inotrope for septic patients with low cardiac output, but its long-term impact on intrinsic myocardial dysfunction during sepsis remains unclear. This study investigated the long-term effect of DOB on intrinsic myocardial function and cardiomyocyte apoptosis in sepsis. Methods Male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into sham and cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) groups. The intrinsic myocardial function and other organ functions were measured at different time points, the inflammatory response and serum biomarkers of myocardial injury were also determined. In separate experiments, the effect of DOB (5 or 10 µg/kg) treatment on survival, intrinsic myocardial function, serum and myocardial cytokines and myocardial apoptosis were measured in septic rats. Results The mortality rate of septic rats was 70% on day 10 after CLP. At 6 h after CLP, the left ventricular ± dP/dt were significantly depressed, serum tumor necrosis factor (TNF) –α level, cardiac TNF-α, intercellular adhesion molecule and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) mRNA, and VCAM-1 protein levels were increased, but not serum cTnI, N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP), heart-type fatty acid-binding protein (H-FABP), creatinine and urea nitrogen concentrations as well as lung wet-dry weight ratios in CLP group compared with those in sham group. At 9 h after CLP, serum alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities were higher in CLP rats than controls. At 6 h after CLP, treatment with DOB did not affect the left ventricular ± dP/dt, the levels of TNF-α, interleukin (IL) − 1β and IL-6 in the serum and myocardium as well as cardiomyocyte apoptosis at 20 h after CLP. However, administration of 10.0 µg/kg DOB at 6 h after CLP significantly increased serum IL-10 level and improved survival in septic rats. Conclusions The intrinsic myocardial depression occurs earlier than hepatic and renal dysfunction in severe sepsis and serum cTnI, NT-proBNP and H-FABP are not suitable as an early biomarker for this kind of cardiac dysfunction. For septic rats, DOB treatment in the presence of intrinsic myocardial dysfunction neither improves myocardial function nor attenuates myocardial inflammation and cardiomyocyte apoptosis at the later stage of sepsis.

scholarly journals Chronic inflammation in ulcerative colitis causes long term changes in gobletcell function

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varsha Singh ◽  
Kelli Johnson ◽  
Jianyi Yin ◽  
Sunny Lee ◽  
Ruxian Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Active Sites ◽  
Mucus Secretion ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Mucus Layer ◽  
Percentage Decrease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Long Term Changes ◽  
Reduced Rate

ABSTRACTObjectiveOne of the features of ulcerative colitis (UC) is a defect in the protective mucus layer. This has been attributed to a reduced number of goblet cells (GC). However, it is not known whether abnormal GC mucus secretion also contributes to the reduced mucus layer. Our aims were to test the hypothesis that GC secretion was abnormal in UC with the changes persistent in colonoids even in the absence of immune cells.DesignColonoids were established from intestinal stem cells of healthy subjects (HS) and from patients with UC (inactive and active sites). Colonoids were maintained as undifferentiated (UD) or induced to differentiate (DF) and studied as 3D or monolayers on Transwell filters. Total RNA was extracted for quantitative real-time PCR analysis. Carbachol and PGE2 mediated stimulation followed by examination of mucus layer by MUC2 IF/confocal microscopy and TEM were performed.ResultsColonoids derived from patients with UC can be propagated over many passages; however, they exhibit a reduced rate of growth and TEER compared with colonoids from HS. Differentiated UC colonoid monolayers form a thin and non-continuous mucus layer. UC colonoids have increased expression of secretory lineage markers: ATOH1 and SPDEF, including MUC2 positive GCs and ChgA positive enteroendocrine cells but failed to secrete mucin when exposed to the cholinergic agonist carbachol and PGE2, which caused increased secretion in HS. Exposure to TNF-α (5days), reduced the number of GC with a greater percentage decrease in UC colonoids compared to HS.ConclusionsAbnormal mucus layer in UC is due to long term changes in epithelial cells that lead to abnormal mucus secretion as well as effects of the inflammatory environment to reduce the number of GC. This continued defect in GC mucus secretion may be involved in UC recurrence.

Abstract 15170: Persistent Microvascular Obstruction Leads to Localized Iron Deposition and Active Inflammation Within Chronic Myocardial Infarctions

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Avinash Kali ◽  
Ivan Cokic ◽  
Hsin-Jung Yang ◽  
Richard Tang ◽  
Rohan Dharmakumar
Keyword(s):  
Microvascular Obstruction ◽  
Iron Deposition ◽  
Myocardial Infarctions ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Gadolinium Enhancement ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Sphericity Index ◽  
Lv Remodeling ◽  
Active Inflammation

Introduction: The mechanism by which persistent microvascular obstruction (PMO) post myocardial infarction (MI) exerts adverse long-term effects is not well understood. Hypothesis: We hypothesized that PMO, with or without reperfusion hemorrhage, can resolve into iron deposition within chronic MI (CMI) territories, and is associated with prolonged inflammation and adverse LV remodeling. Methods: Canines subjected to reperfused (n=17) and non-reperfused (n=16) MI underwent Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance (CMR) at 7 (acute) and 56 days (chronic) post-MI. Cine, T2*-weighted and Late Gadolinium Enhancement images were used to characterize LV remodeling (End-Diastolic Sphericity Index (EDSI)), iron and PMO respectively. Histological analysis was used to examine chronic inflammation. Results: In the reperfused group, 9 canines had PMO and hemorrhage with subsequent chronic iron deposition (PMO+/T2*+), while 4 canines had no PMO, hemorrhage, or chronic iron deposition (PMO-/T2*-). The remaining 4 canines had PMO without hemorrhage (PMO+/T2*-), but all subsequently had chronic iron deposition. In the non-reperfused group, 15 canines had PMO, and acute and subsequent chronic iron deposition (NR-PMO+/T2*+); 1 canine had no PMO, acute or chronic iron deposition (NR-PMO-/T2*-). In both groups, PMO volume was significantly associated with both acute and chronic iron volumes (p<0.001 all cases). In both groups, infarct and iron volumes measured in both acute and chronic phases were significant predictors of change in EDSI between acute and chronic phases (p<0.01 all cases). Histological sections of the harvested hearts post day 56 CMR showed extensive newly recruited macrophage, IL-1β, TNF-α and MMP-9 activities highly localized with iron in CMI regions (p<0.001 all cases). Conclusions: PMO, with or without reperfusion hemorrhage, can lead to iron deposition within CMIs, and is associated with active inflammation and adverse LV remodeling in canines.

scholarly journals Soluble vascular endothelial-cadherin in CSF after subarachnoid hemorrhage

Neurology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 94 (12) ◽  
pp. e1281-e1293
Author(s):  
Hajime Takase ◽  
Sherry Hsiang-Yi Chou ◽  
Gen Hamanaka ◽  
Ryo Ohtomo ◽  
Mohammad R. Islam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subarachnoid Hemorrhage ◽  
Functional Outcome ◽  
External Ventricular Drain ◽  
Clinical Severity ◽  
Vascular Endothelial ◽  
Long Term Outcomes ◽  
Anterior Circulation ◽  
Vascular Endothelial Cadherin ◽  
Tnf Α

ObjectiveTo determine if CSF and plasma levels of soluble vascular endothelial (sVE)-cadherin are associated with functional outcome after subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and to investigate sVE-cadherin effects on microglia.MethodsSerial CSF and plasma were collected from prospectively enrolled patients with nontraumatic SAH from a ruptured aneurysm in the anterior circulation and who required an external ventricular drain for clinical indications. Patients with normal-pressure hydrocephalus without SAH served as controls. For prospective assessment of long-term outcomes at 3 and 6 months after SAH, modified Rankin Scale scores (mRS) were obtained and dichotomized into good (mRS ≤ 2) vs poor (mRS > 2) outcome groups. For SAH severity, Hunt and Hess grade was assessed. Association of CSF sVE-cadherin levels with long-term outcomes, HH grade, and CSF tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels were evaluated. sVE-cadherin effects on microglia were also studied.ResultssVE-cadherin levels in CSF, but not in plasma, were higher in patients with SAH and were associated with higher clinical severity and higher CSF TNF-α levels. Patients with SAH with higher CSF sVE-cadherin levels over time were more likely to develop worse functional outcome at 3 months after SAH. Incubation of cultured microglia with sVE-cadherin resulted in increased inducible nitric oxide synthase, interleukin-1β, reactive oxygen species, cell soma size, and metabolic activity, consistent with microglia activation. Microinjection of sVE-cadherin fragments into mouse brain results in an increased number of microglia surrounding the injection site, compared to injection of denatured vascular endothelial–cadherin fragments.ConclusionsThese results support the existence of a novel pathway by which sVE-cadherin, released from injured endothelium after SAH, can shift microglia into a more proinflammatory phenotype and contribute to neuroinflammation and poor outcome in SAH.

scholarly journals Functional Inflammatory Genotypes in Ischemic Stroke: Could We Use Them to Predict Age of Onset and Long-Term Outcome?

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stella Marousi ◽  
Anna Antonacopoulou ◽  
Haralambos Kalofonos ◽  
Panagiotis Papathanasopoulos ◽  
Marina Karakantza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Adverse Outcome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Term Outcome ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Tnf Α

Functional single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of inflammatory cytokines have been previously related to the occurrence of an ischemic stroke (IS). We investigated whether five functional SNPs (i.e., TNF-α-308G>A, IL6-174G>C, IL12B 1188A>C, IL4-589C>T, and IL10-1082G>A) might be associated with the age of onset and 6-month outcome of an acute IS. A probe-free real-time PCR methodology was used to genotype 145 consecutively admitted cases with a first-ever IS. Simple Kaplan-Mayer and adjusted Cox regression analyses showed no association between inflammatory genotypes and the age of IS onset. IL6-174G>C, IL12B 1188A>C, IL4-589C>T, and IL10-1082G>A were not found to significantly contribute to the long-term outcome of the disease. However, carriage of the TNF-α-308 GG genotype was significantly associated with reduced odds for an adverse outcome. Larger studies are needed to confirm our results.

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