scholarly journals Characteristics of Muscle Work in Track and Field Athletes with Intellectual Disability, Hearing Impairment and Cerebral Palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 23-28
Author(s):  
Mikhail А. Eremushkin ◽  
Kirill А. Berdyugin ◽  
Daria V. Fedulova
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
Lower Leg ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Posterior Thigh ◽  
Muscle Work

In persons with disabilities, the underlying impairment affects the functioning of other organs and systems. Special attention is drawn to athletes of adaptive sports, in particular, the main impairment influence to the work of the musculoskeletal system, and, accordingly, the sports result. Is it possible to correct and change training programs, knowing the peculiarities of muscles work of various nosological groups athletes. Aim. To analyze the work of the musculoskeletal system in athletes with intellectual disability, hearing impairment and cerebral palsy. Material and methods. The study was carried out on the multifunctional simulator Humac Norm on the basis of the State Autonomous Institution “Sports Adaptive School”of the Sverdlovsk region. It was attended by 21 athletes aged from 16 to 22 years: with intellectual impairment of the slight mental retardation degree (n = 7: 1 m., 6 days), with infantile cerebral palsy in the form of spastic hemiparesis (n = 7: 4 m., 3 days), athletes with hearing impairment (n = 10: 7 m., 3 days) with congenital deafness (n = 3) and 3-4 degree hearing loss (n = 7). the athletes underwent testing of the lower extremities muscles, in particular, the muscles of the anterior and posterior thigh surfaces; internal and external lower leg muscles in concentric (overcoming) and eccentric (yielding) modes of muscle work. The muscles of the anterior and posterior thighs were tested in the sitting position at angular velocity of 45 degrees/s on a simulator. The internal and external muscles of the lower leg were tested in the reclining position with a fixed knee joint, at the angular velocity on the simulator of 30 degrees/s. The result was evaluated 15 times for performing a given movement in concentric and eccentric modes and the average values of the general muscle working capacity were revealed. Results. When analyzing the results, it was revealed that athletes with cerebral palsy and hearing impairment have interaction in muscle work. Thus, the weakness of the front thigh part muscles corresponds to or entails the weakness of the lower leg external muscles. Hypotension of the posterior thigh surface muscles entails (or is a consequence of) weakness of the lower leg internal muscles. In athletes with intellectual disabilities, there is no clear interaction in muscle work. In different athletes, asymmetry is detected in completely different indicators, which may be associated with incomplete understanding of the attitudes to test performance or with the overlap syndrome presence. Conclusion. The athletes’ testing revealed the muscle work imbalance and asymmetry. A greater deficit was observed in the concentric mode of work in athletes with intellectual disability and cerebral palsy. The calf muscles need to be worked out in athletes of all nosological groups.

scholarly journals A study on the distribution of disabilities among the population residing in the endosulfan exposed area in Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 3948
Author(s):  
Sanjeev Badiger ◽  
Ankeeta Menona Jacob ◽  
Arunkumar Sagar Bangaraiah ◽  
Satheesh Kumar Bhandary ◽  
Smitha Hegde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Physical Disability ◽  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
District Health ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Exposed Area ◽  
Health Authorities

Background: Endosulphan was extensively sprayed in the cashew plantations in over 90 villages in Dakshina Kannada district for almost two decades before a ban was imposed. Areas where Endosulfan spraying was carried out, disability screening camps were conducted. The study aimed at describing the distribution of attendees of the disability screening camps among the population residing in the Endosulfan exposed area of Dakshina Kannada district of Karnataka, India.Methods: A cross sectional descriptive was undertaken with the permission of district health authorities by specialists in the villages of five taluks, on the patients attending the disability screening camps conducted in the year 2014-15. The patients were consecutively listed and classified based on the Persons with Disabilities Act, 1995 and analysed using SPSS version 20.0.Results: Of the 4214 patients who attended the screening camps for disability held in the taluks mentioned above, 2190 (52.0%) were males. The most common affected age groups were between 5-19 years of 1606 (38.1%). The most common disability was intellectual disability (including cerebral palsy) in 2474 (58.7%) followed by physical disability seen in 384 (15.5%). Infertility was seen among 297 (7.09%) of the attendees of the screening camps. The total number of cancers patients attending the screening camps was 71 (1.6%), and 21 (0.5%) were cancers related to the reproductive tract, and 6 (0.1%) had breast cancer.Conclusions: The most common age groups reporting with disabilities to the screening camps conducted by the district health authorities in Endosulfan sprayed villages of Dakshina Kannada district belonged to 5-19 years, and the most common disability was intellectual disability.

scholarly journals Analysis of ergonomic and unergonomic human lifting behaviors by using Inertial Measurement Units

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Kuschan ◽  
Henning Schmidt ◽  
Jörg Krüger
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Angular Velocity ◽  
Musculoskeletal System ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
Inertial Measurement Units ◽  
Inertial Measurement ◽  
Measurement Units ◽  
Main Components

Abstract:This paper presents an analysis of two distinct human lifting movements regarding acceleration and angular velocity. For the first movement, the ergonomic one, the test persons produced the lifting power by squatting down, bending at the hips and knees only. Whereas performing the unergonomic one they bent forward lifting the box mainly with their backs. The measurements were taken by using a vest equipped with five Inertial Measurement Units (IMU) with 9 Dimensions of Freedom (DOF) each. In the following the IMU data captured for these two movements will be evaluated using statistics and visualized. It will also be discussed with respect to their suitability as features for further machine learning classifications. The reason for observing these movements is that occupational diseases of the musculoskeletal system lead to a reduction of the workers’ quality of life and extra costs for companies. Therefore, a vest, called CareJack, was designed to give the worker a real-time feedback about his ergonomic state while working. The CareJack is an approach to reduce the risk of spinal and back diseases. This paper will also present the idea behind it as well as its main components.

How Persons with Intellectual Disabilities Are Fighting for Decision-Making Rights

2022 ◽  
Vol 121 (831) ◽  
pp. 30-35
Author(s):  
Chester A. Finn ◽  
Matthew S. Smith ◽  
Michael Ashley Stein
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
Legal Capacity ◽  
Disability Rights ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
New Approach ◽  
The United Nations

Paternalistic attitudes about what is in the interests of a person with an intellectual disability have long led to abuses, and are embedded in the guardianship laws still in place in most countries. Self-advocates, who identify as people with intellectual or other disabilities and are committed to demanding their rights and educating others about them, are calling for a new approach. They have found support for reforms in the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, adopted by the United Nations in 2006 and since acceded to by 182 countries. By supporting the fundamental right of those with disabilities to make decisions, it has enabled disability rights advocates to successfully challenge legal capacity restrictions and push for “supported decision-making.”

Development of a wearable orthotic device pattern to prevent hip dislocation in children with cerebral palsy

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyunjung Han ◽  
Jeong Ha Kim
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Great Trochanter ◽  
Hip Dislocation ◽  
Virtual Model ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Orthotic Device ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Child Patient

PurposeThis study suggest the development of a wearable orthotic device pattern that can reduce pain and deformation, and help in the normal development of children with cerebral palsy. Such a pattern enables daily wear before hip subluxation occurs, to prevent hip dislocation and subluxation.Design/methodology/approachThis study set the design line by carrying out cell work on the actual model, then proceeded with the first pattern design. The final version of the second orthotic device was designed by conducting discussions with experts and the patient's guardian, with the device fitted to the child patient. The evaluation of the second orthotic device used the virtual model to check the pressure area and level through virtual fitting. An evaluation was then conducted with the device fitted to the child patient, to verify the functionality and suitability of the final pattern.FindingsFollowing the initial fitting evaluation, the second pattern was presented after modifying and supplementing issues such as movement suitability with posture change, position change of the great trochanter when wearing a diaper, pressure control of the X-shaped band on the genital area and thigh abduction. The master pattern of the final version of the second orthotic device was proposed after confirming that the femoral head of the hip joint was stably fixed, and the compression was applied through a verification based on the virtual fitting using the virtual model, and with the device fitted to the child patient.Originality/valueWith this study, it is expected that the process and design plan for the development of wearable orthotic device patterns for the persons with disabilities impaired mobility can be used as a basic resource to create devices that merge the clothing and medical fields.

Recent Trends and Issues in Vocational Rehabilitation of People with ID

2016 ◽  
pp. 283-309
Author(s):  
Bijoy Kumar Dehuri ◽  
Bhavna Mukund
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Vocational Rehabilitation ◽  
Supported Employment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Rehabilitation Services ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Integrated Employment ◽  
Recent Trends ◽  
People With Intellectual Disabilities ◽  
United Nations Convention

Employment has many advantages for people. Besides earning an income, work provides opportunities for social interaction, a means of structuring and occupying time, enjoyable activity and involvement, and a sense of personal achievement. Work is considered therapeutic and essential for both the physiological survival and psychological well-being of people in contemporary societies and hence it's importance in people with intellectual disability. The rights of people with disabilities have been given new attention with the entry into force of the United Nations Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities (CRPD) in May 2008. The various policies, issues and trends in vocational rehabilitation of people with intellectual disabilities in existence in different countries need to be examined along with different models in existence to develop appropriate executable models whereby such rehabilitation services could be made available early in life to such individuals and after training they could be provided with supported employment or integrated employment as the case may be.

Visual and Hearing Impairments and their Impact on the Mental Health of Adults with Intellectual Disability

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-264
Author(s):  
Reza Kiani ◽  
Sugato Bhaumik
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Hearing Impairment ◽  
Mental Health Problems ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Hearing Impairments ◽  
Care Givers ◽  
Raising Awareness

Visual and hearing impairments, congenital or acquired, are much more common in people with intellectual disability (ID) than the general population. These can be missed or diagnosed with delay if professionals rely just on the subjective reports by the families/care givers rather than objective screening and assessment. People with ID might be unable to complain about a visual or hearing impairment due to their communication difficulties. Therefore, diagnostic overshadowing might occur whereby these conditions might present with atypical signs and symptoms (e.g. loss of skills, isolation, and challenging behaviours) which could be attributed to dementia, depression, or other mental health problems. There has also been an overrepresentation of autistic-like features and autism spectrum disorder reported in people with visual and hearing impairment. Raising awareness of these comorbidities in people with ID will therefore facilitate early diagnosis and implementation of appropriate management strategies that can improve service provision for this vulnerable population.

Identifying Factors Associated With Severe Intellectual Disabilities in Teenagers With Cerebral Palsy Using a Predictive Learning Model

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlo M. Bertoncelli ◽  
Paola Altamura ◽  
Edgar Ramos Vieira ◽  
Domenico Bertoncelli ◽  
Susanne Thummler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Prediction Model ◽  
Motor Skills ◽  
Adaptive Functioning ◽  
Learning Model ◽  
Intelligence Scale ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Machine Learning Model

Background: Intellectual disability and impaired adaptive functioning are common in children with cerebral palsy, but there is a lack of studies assessing these issues in teenagers with cerebral palsy. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and test a predictive machine learning model to identify factors associated with intellectual disability in teenagers with cerebral palsy. Methods: This was a multicenter controlled cohort study of 91 teenagers with cerebral palsy (53 males, 38 females; mean age ± SD = 17 ± 1 y; range: 12-18 y). Data on etiology, diagnosis, spasticity, epilepsy, clinical history, communication abilities, behaviors, motor skills, eating, and drinking abilities were collected between 2005 and 2015. Intellectual disability was classified as “mild,” “moderate,” “severe,” or “profound” based on adaptive functioning, and according to the DSM-5 after 2013 and DSM-IV before 2013, the Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children for patients up to ages 16 years, 11 months, and the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale for patients ages 17-18. Statistical analysis included Fisher’s exact test and multiple logistic regressions to identify factors associated with intellectual disability. A predictive machine learning model was developed to identify factors associated with having profound intellectual disability. The guidelines of the “Transparent Reporting of a Multivariable Prediction Model for Individual Prognosis or Diagnosis Statement” were followed. Results: Poor manual abilities ( P ≤ .001), gross motor function ( P ≤ .001), and type of epilepsy (intractable: P = .04; well controlled: P = .01) were significantly associated with profound intellectual disability. The average model accuracy, specificity, and sensitivity was 78%. Conclusion: Poor motor skills and epilepsy were associated with profound intellectual disability. The machine learning prediction model was able to adequately identify high likelihood of severe intellectual disability in teenagers with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Self-Determination in People with Intellectual Disability: The Mediating Role of Opportunities

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (17) ◽  
pp. 6201
Author(s):  
Eva Vicente ◽  
Cristina Mumbardó-Adam ◽  
Verónica M. Guillén ◽  
Teresa Coma-Roselló ◽  
María-Ángeles Bravo-Álvarez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Disability ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Self Determination ◽  
Persons With Disabilities ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Disability Level ◽  
At Home

The Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities have proclaimed the basic right of people to make one’s own choices, have an effective participation and inclusion. Research in the field of disability have stressed self-determination as a key construct because of its impact on their quality of life and the achievement of desired educational and adulthood related outcomes. Self-determination development must be promoted through specific strategies and especially, by providing tailored opportunities to practice those skills. Providing these opportunities across environments could be especially relevant as a facilitator of self-determination development. This manuscript aims to ascertain if opportunities at home and in the community to engage in self-determined actions are mediating the relationship between people intellectual disability level and their self-determination. Results have confirmed direct effects of intellectual disability level on self-determination scores. Indirect effects also predicted self-determination and almost all its related components (self-initiation, self-direction, self-regulation, self-realization, and empowerment) through opportunities in the community and at home. Autonomy was predicted by the intellectual disability level through an indirect effect of opportunities at home, but not in the community. These results highlight the need for further research to better operationalize and promote contextually rooted opportunities for people with intellectual disability to become more self-determined.

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