scholarly journals Management of calcaneal fractures: a case series

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 28-33
Author(s):  
Kelechukwu Onuoha ◽  
Goodness Ajaero ◽  
Mathias Orji ◽  
Omotayo Salami ◽  
Omobowale Omotola
Keyword(s):  
Soft Tissue ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Case Series ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Calcaneal Fractures ◽  
Vehicle Accidents

Background: Untreated or inappropriately treated, calcaneal fractures can result in arthritis, chronic ankle pain, and ankle deformity which can significantly impact the lifestyle of affected patients. Even though calcaneal fractures are common among those with multiple injuries, they can easily be missed, and not treating them would significantly impact on the patient negatively.  Case Presentation: This article is a retrospective recall of the six patients seen with calcaneal fractures that were treated in our hospital between 2010 and 2018, they were mainly multiply injured and the advanced trauma life support (ATLS) protocol helped to delineate these fractures, the use of modern-day operative and non-operative methods of management and rehabilitation were employed. Discussion and conclusion: Calcaneal fractures are mostly associated with high-energy trauma which includes falls from heights or vehicle accidents with almost 50% soft tissue involvement. This is similar to cases presented in this paper as all the patients were either involved in road traffic accidents or had fallen from a height, however, soft tissue destruction manifesting as open fractures were absent in our series. Calcaneal fractures are rare and can easily be missed as patients may present as multiply injured. Prompt and adequate Rehabilitation is important to improve function.

Emergency medicine

2016 ◽  
pp. 762-795
Author(s):  
Andrew Baldwin ◽  
Nina Hjelde ◽  
Charlotte Goumalatsou ◽  
Gil Myers
Keyword(s):  
Emergency Medicine ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Pelvic Injury ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Inappropriate Use ◽  
Trauma Networks ◽  
Trauma In Pregnancy

This chapter explores emergency medicine, including appropriate and inappropriate use of emergency departments (EDs), as well as burns, drowning, electric shock injuries, high altitude medicine, wound management, bites, stings, and foreign bodies, major trauma, the Glasgow Coma Score, trauma networks, choking, advanced trauma life support, shock in the trauma patient, road traffic accidents, chest injury, blast injuries, head injury, abdominal injury, radiology in trauma, pelvic injury, and trauma in pregnancy.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the primary medical treatments based on the advanced trauma life support principles in trauma patients

Trauma ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 146040862096833
Author(s):  
Payman Asadi ◽  
Vahid Monsef Kasmaei ◽  
Seyyed Mahdi Zia Ziabari ◽  
Siamak Rimaz ◽  
Ehsan Modirian ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Therapeutic Interventions ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Trauma Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Injured Patients

Objective In Iran, road traffic accidents were responsible for 14716 deaths in 2015. This study aimed to compare the initial resuscitation of traumatically injured patients to the internationally recognized ATLS standards. Materials and methods As a cross-sectional study, 506 traumatically injured patients who were referred to the tertiary referral major trauma center in Poursina Hospital during the study period, were evaluated. All therapeutic interventions were compared to the ATLS standards. Data on mortality by demographic was compared to those in whom the ATLS standards were met and in those whom it was not met Results Mean age of the patients was 37.37 ± 19.72 and motorcycle was the most common cause of accidents (40.9%). ATLS guideline interventions were completely performed in 18.2% of the patients in their primary hospital, and in rest of 414 cases (81.8%), ATLS algorithms were not fully carried out. The mortality rate was significantly higher in the second group: 10.86% vs 32.36%, respectively. Conclusion Application of ATLS principles in multiple trauma patients can reduce the mortality rate.

scholarly journals Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Current Concepts and Modern Management

2014 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gershon Volpin ◽  
Zvi Cohen ◽  
Genadi Kirshner ◽  
Haim Shtarker
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Asia Pacific ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Calcaneal Fractures ◽  
Modern Management ◽  
Articular Fractures ◽  
Classification And Treatment

ABSTRACT The calcaneal fractures are usually the result of high-energy injuries, falls from height and road traffic accidents and constitutes about 2% of all fractures. 60 to 75% of them are displaced intra-articular fractures and 90% of them are usually in males, mainly in industrial workers.there is still controversy regarding classification and treatment. The purpose of this review is to present the modern surgical modalities for these type of fractures. How to cite this article Volpin G, Cohen Z, Kirshner G, Shtarker H. Displaced Intra-articular Calcaneal Fractures: Current Concepts and Modern Management. J Foot Ankle Surg (Asia-Pacific) 2014;1(1):24-31.

Trauma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Young
Keyword(s):  
Cause Of Death ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
The United States ◽  
Motor Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Traumatic Injuries ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
One Year ◽  
Uncontrolled Bleeding

Traumatic injuries are the most common cause of death within the United States for children above one year of age Most traumatic injuries in children are a result of motor vehicle accidents, child abuse (or nonaccidental trauma), drowning, thermal injury, or falls. Motor vehicle accidents are the leading cause of death for children above the age of one year. Strategies of Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) utilize a standardized approach to promptly identify and manage life-threatening traumatic injuries. These strategies include recognition of cardiopulmonary disorders, volume resuscitation, and prevention of additional injuries including to the cervical spine. A management plan for severe and uncontrolled bleeding is critically important to have established when caring for children with traumatic injuries. Many strategies have been developed to manage severe and uncontrolled bleeding including the use of massive transfusion protocols, damage control surgery, and hemostatic agents.

scholarly journals Prospective study of fracture calcaneus with Allan’s procedure- bone grafting without implants

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 315
Author(s):  
Vishwas S. Phadke ◽  
Anil Khandekar ◽  
Nagesh Naik
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Bone Grafting ◽  
Open Reduction ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Clinical Approach ◽  
Calcaneal Fractures ◽  
Excellent Outcome ◽  
Satisfactory Outcome

<p class="abstract"><strong>Background:</strong> <span lang="EN-IN">Calcaneum is usually fractured following high energy axial traumas such is seen in cases of fall from height or road traffic accidents. If not properly managed these fractures can be a cause of prolonged morbidity in the form of pain, stiffness and deformities. We have conducted this prospective study of fracture calcaneum with the method described by Allan et al which constitute of open reduction and bone grafting without any implants. The objective of the was to determine the clinical approach, described by Allan et al for treatment of fracture calcaneum and to discuss in short the results, pitfalls and challenges associated with this.</span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Methods:</strong> A prospective study was done on 42 patients who were diagnosed with intra-articular calcaneal fractures depending upon a predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. All fractures of the study subjects were treated using a lateral approach by Allan’s procedure. Final outcome was assessed on the basis modified Rowe score.<strong></strong></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Results:</strong> In this study a total of 42 patients with intra-articular calcaneal fractures and treated by open reduction and bone grafting without any implants were studied. There were 36 men and 6 women. Majority of the patients tolerated the procedure well and most of the patients (95.23%) had a complete or partial restoration of heel shape. Significant residual pain was seen in only 1 (2.38 %) patient. 36 patients (85.71 %) had excellent outcome 5 patients (11.90%) had good and 1 patient (2.38%) had satisfactory outcome<span lang="EN-IN">. </span></p><p class="abstract"><strong>Conclusions:</strong> The management of intra-articular calcaneal fracture by open reduction and bone grafting without any implants give good results with excellent functional outcome. Since no implants are used in this technique this can be a preferable procedure in rural areas and in patients with low socioeconomic status<span lang="EN-IN">.</span></p><p class="abstract"> </p>

scholarly journals Head Injury - A Case Profile Study from Eastern Region of Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-113
Author(s):  
R Bhandari ◽  
IP Mahato ◽  
M Paudel ◽  
R Giri
Keyword(s):  
Head Injury ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Emergency Rooms ◽  
Clinical Indicators ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
The Mean

Background: Head injury is a common presentation in emergency rooms. Management often is decided by time of trauma, clinical presentations and availability of facilities. Objective: To outline the general characteristics of head injury patients presenting to emergency. Methods: This is an observational (case series) study done in BPKIHS emergency room over a period of six months. All the acute head trauma cases presenting to the department of emergency, BPKIHS, were evaluated based on the semi closed clinical performa including major clinical indicators of intracranial trauma. Results: Among 255 head injury patients, males were more common. Fall was the commonest mode of injury resulting in 71.42% in those under ten years where as road traffic accidents was commonest in twenty to fifty years age group.23% reached the hospital after 12 hours of injury. Loss of consciousness and vomiting were the commonest history. 9.4% had consumed alcohol at presentation. Mild head injury was commonest (76.5%). 23% were discharged from emergency within 12 hours. 14.9% underwent neurosurgical intervention. 187 of 255 underwent CT scan, 132 were abnormal. Contusions were commonest. For the normal CT scan the mean GCS score was 13.65 and for abnormal CT scans the mean GCS was 12.48 with SD of 2.8 and 3.4 respectively, p=0.025. Keywords: head injury; clinical features; emergency; classification; Glasgow coma score; CT scan. DOI: 10.3126/hren.v8i2.4422 Health Renaissance, May-Aug 2010; Vol 8 (No.2):11--113

The Role of Placental Locations on Fetus Mortality in Road Traffic Accidents

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Moustafa Moustafa ◽  
B. Serpil Acar ◽  
Memis Acar
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Placental Abruption ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Fetal Loss ◽  
Road Traffic Accidents ◽  
Vehicle Accidents ◽  
Frontal Impacts ◽  
Multi Body

The aim of this study is to investigate the possible role of placental location on the risk of placental abruption in road traffic accidents involving a pregnant driver. Placental abruption accounts for around 50–70% of fetal deaths in motor vehicle accidents. The computational pregnant occupant model, ‘Expecting’, which has a multi-body fetus and a finite element uterus model was developed at Loughborough University and is used in this investigation. The placenta is located in the upper region of the uterus near the fundus in ‘Expecting’. Four locations for the placenta; anterior, posterior, lateral left, lateral right cases are modelled and used in simulations in this study. These models are used to simulate a range of frontal impacts of severity 15 kph and 30 kph. Three cases of occupant restraint: three-point seatbelt with an airbag, three-point seatbelt only and airbag only conditions are investigated. The maximum strains developed in the uterus and utero-placental interface (UPI) have been estimated and compared for these scenarios in order to investigate placental abruption that leads to fetal loss. Placenta located at anterior position is found to be at higher risk than other positions considered.

Management of Panfacial Trauma: Sequencing and Pitfalls

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin B. Massenburg ◽  
Melanie S. Lang
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Premature Aging ◽  
Advanced Trauma Life Support ◽  
Craniofacial Skeleton ◽  
Energy Mechanism ◽  
Hearing Function ◽  
Panfacial Fractures ◽  
Patient Presentation ◽  
Inside Out

AbstractPanfacial trauma refers to high-energy mechanism injuries involving two or more areas of the craniofacial skeleton, the frontal bone, the midface, and the occlusal unit. These can be distracting injuries in an unstable patient and, as in any trauma, Advanced Trauma Life Support (ATLS) protocols should be followed. The airway should be secured, bleeding controlled, and sequential examinations should take place to avoid overlooking injuries. When indicated, neurosurgery and ophthalmology should be consulted as preservation of brain, vision, and hearing function should be prioritized. Once the patient is stabilized, reconstruction aims to reduce panfacial fractures, restore the horizontal and vertical facial buttresses, and resuspend the soft tissue to avoid the appearance of premature aging. Lost or comminuted bone can be replaced with bone grafts, although adequate reduction should be ensured prior to any grafting. Operative sequencing can be performed from top-down and outside-in or from bottom-up and inside-out depending on patient presentation. All protocols can successfully manage panfacial injuries, and the emphasis should be placed on a systematic approach that works from known areas to unknown areas.

scholarly journals Seatbelt Injury Causing Small Bowel Devascularisation: Case Series and Review of the Literature

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vincent O'Dowd ◽  
Christine Kiernan ◽  
Aoife Lowery ◽  
Waqar Khan ◽  
Kevin Barry
Keyword(s):  
Small Bowel ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Surgical Intervention ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Emergency Surgical Intervention ◽  
High Index Of Suspicion ◽  
Delays In Diagnosis ◽  
Public Health Strategies

The use of seatbelts has increased significantly in the last twenty years, leading to a decrease in mortality from road traffic accidents (RTA). However, this increase in seatbelt use has also led to a change in the spectrum of injuries from RTA; abdominal injuries, particularly intestinal injuries have dramatically increased with the routine use of seatbelts. Such intestinal injuries frequently result from improper placement of the “lap belt”. We present 3 cases in which passengers wearing a seatbelt sustained significant devascularisation injuries to the small bowel requiring emergency surgical intervention. A high index of suspicion is crucial in such cases to prevent delays in diagnosis that can lead to severe complications and adverse outcomes. It is evident that while advocating seatbelt use, the importance of education in correct seatbelt placement should also be a focus of public health strategies to reduce RTA morbidity and mortality.

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