ŞEBEK VADİSİ ALIÇ GENOTİPLERİNİN BAZI MORFOLOJİK ÖZELLİKLERİ

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (20) ◽  
pp. 738-755
Author(s):  
Hakan KELES
Keyword(s):  
International Union ◽  
New Varieties

Florasında 163 familyaya ait 1225 cins ve 9000 taxa barındıran Türkiye, coğrafyasında 3000 endemik tür bulundurmaktadır. Bu genetik kaynaklar ülkelerin doğal zenginlikleri arasında sıralanmaktadır ve genetik kaynaklarına gerektiği gibi sahip çıkmayan ülkeler bu zenginlikleri başka ülkelerden almak zorunda kalmaktadırlar. Bu sebeplerle genetik materyallerin tespiti, korunması ve kullanımı oldukça önem arz etmektedir. Alıç (Crataegus spp.), ülkemizde doğal olarak yayılış göstermiş en önemli yabani meyve türlerinden birisidir. Rosaceae familyasına ait alıç (Crataegus spp.), çok eski zamanlardan beri tıbbi amaçlarla kullanılan, besin özellikleri ve kültüre alınabilme potansiyeli yüksek yabani bir bitkidir. Ege, Doğu Anadolu, Güney, Orta ve Kuzey Anadolu gibi Türkiye’ nin çeşitli bölgelerinde doğal olarak yetişmekte olan alıç bitkisi çeşitli morfolojik özellikler göstermektedir. Çeşitliliğin alıcı yiyen kuşlar veya memeli hayvanlar vasıtasıyla olduğu ve halen tanımlanmamış formların olabileceği bildirilmektedir. Bu çalışma, 2019-2020 yıllarında Yozgat Aydıncık ilçesine bağlı Şebek Vadisi’ nde yürütülmüştür. Şebek vadisi, sahip olduğu bitki örtüsü (yabani fındık, meşe, gürgen, ıhlamur, ahlat, alıç, ardıç, kayın vb.) ve mikro klima özelliği gösteren iklimi ile önemli bir genetik kaynak bölgesidir. Vadinin en düşük noktası 900 m iken en yüksek noktası 1550 m rakıma sahiptir ve 7 km boyunca uzanmaktadır. Vadide bulunan alıç popülasyonu pomolojik ve morfolojik olarak incelenmiş ve 30 genotip arasından bazı özellikler dikkate alınarak incelemeye değer bulunan 10 genotip incelemeye değer olarak tespit edilmiştir. Bu çalışmada 10 adet genotipin genel görünüm, sürgün, yaprak ve çiçek özellikleri UPOV(The International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants) kriterleri dikkate alınarak incelenmiştir. Genel görünüm özelliklerinde ağaç büyüme tipi, büyüme şekli, ağaç yüksekliği ve yeşil aksam yoğunluğu incelenmiştir. Sürgünlerin morfolojik özellikleri kapsamında diken varlığı, varsa sayısı, ve uzunlukları incelenmiştir ayrıca sürgünlerin gelişme tipi ve uzunluğu da değerlendirilmiştir. Genotiplerin yapraklarında kenar şekilleri, lob varlığı, tüylülük ve yaprakların yüzey yapısı incelenmiştir. Çiçeklerde ise çiçek tipi, petal renkleri, petal düzeni ve petallerin konumları incelenmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Yozgat, Şebek Vadisi, Alıç, Morfoloji

scholarly journals Plant Variety Protection: Current Practices and Insights

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1127
Author(s):  
Ju-Kyung Yu ◽  
Yong-Suk Chung
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Stability Testing ◽  
International Union ◽  
Plant Variety Protection ◽  
Common System ◽  
Continuous Innovation ◽  
Plant Variety ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Variety Protection

Breeders persistently supply farmers with the best varieties in order to exceed consumer demand through plant-breeding processes that are resource-intensive. In order to motivate continuous innovation in variety development, a system needs to provide incentives for plant breeders to develop superior varieties, for example, exclusive ownership to produce and market those varieties. The most common system is the acquisition of intellectual property protection through plant variety protection, also known as the breeder’s right. Most countries have adopted the system established by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). To be granted plant variety protection, the variety should prove to be unique by meeting three requirements: distinctness, uniformity, and stability. This review summarizes (1) the plant variety protection via UPOV convention, (2) technical methods for distinctness, uniformity, and stability testing via phenotype, molecular markers, and sequencing as well as their challenges and potentiality, and (3) additional discussions in essentially derived variety, value for cultivation and use testing, and open source seed initiative.

Genetic diversity in four cabbage populations based on UPOV and IPGRI description forms and allozyme variation

2001 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 309-318 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. V. KOUTSOS ◽  
M. KOUTSIKA-SOTIRIOU
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Plant Genetic Resources ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Allozyme Variation ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
International Union ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
International Plant ◽  
Physiological Characters

Morphophysiological characters, designated as descriptors by the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) and the International Plant Genetic Resources Institute (IPGRI), and allozyme variation were used to study genetic diversity among four cabbage (Brassica oleracea L. var. capitata L.) open pollinated (OP) populations. The morphological and physiological characters, and gene frequencies among OP populations were analysed by using cluster (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA). Both methods gave the same clustering of OP populations. The relationships found among OP populations by analysing UPOV descriptors (30 characters) and IPGRI descriptors (30+14 characters) were similar. The relationships among OP populations obtained from gene frequencies were not similar to those obtained from morphophysiological characters, but two of the four OP populations were clustered together by both categories of data. The biggest correlation between the relationships among OP populations obtained from morphophysiological characters and those obtained from gene frequencies was r = −0·44 and r =−0·38 given by PCA and CA respectively. The importance of each character or allele with respect to the relationships among OP populations were also detected by PCA.

scholarly journals Evaluation of genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting of 19 standard reference rice varieties using SSR markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 603-609
Author(s):  
Tran Long ◽  
Luu Minh Cuc ◽  
Nguyen Quang Sang ◽  
Pham Xuan Hoi
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dna Fingerprinting ◽  
Genetic Similarity ◽  
Similarity Coefficient ◽  
International Union ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Reference Marker ◽  
High Uniformity ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Group 2

Molecular markers are advanced-tools for identifying new varieties at DNA levels. According to the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties ofPlants,  new breeded varieties need to be tested for the Distinctness, Uniformity and Stability (DUS), before being recognized as the new ones. Traditional DUS criteria based on 62 - 65 morphological and biochemical characteristics, which evaluated on comparison of new varieties with 19 standard reference varieties for traits of interest.  Study on the genotypic polymorphism of 19 standard reference rice varieties provides genotypic information of these varieties for the evaluation of new rice varieties based on genotyping analysis.  The reference marker set (30 markers) was used to evaluate the genetic diversity and DNA fingerprinting of 19 standard reference rice varieties. The results showed the similarity coefficient of 19 varieties varied from 0.04 to 0.548. At the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.1, the 19 rice varieties divided into two main groups. Group one included 3 varieties: DH1, DH5, DH13. Group 2 included the remaining 16 varieties. Inside group two, phylogenetic tree divided into two main branches at the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.3. Branch 1 includes 5 varieties including DH2, DH6, DH10, DH11 and DH7. The 11 remaining varieties were in the branch 2. The most closely varieties were DH6 and DH10 with the genetic similarity coefficient of 0.548. This study shows that, the standard reference varieties have high uniformity and high genotypic polymorphism, could used for testing new varieties based on genotyping by DNA fingerprinting combining with phenotype.

scholarly journals Ghana Trips Over the trips Agreement on Plant Breeders’ Rights

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 20-45
Author(s):  
Thaddeus Manu
Keyword(s):  
Public Interest ◽  
Social Norm ◽  
Intellectual Property Right ◽  
International Union ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
The Public ◽  
Safeguard Measures ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Economic Reasoning ◽  
Plant Breeders Rights

The premise under which the global Intellectual Property Right (ipr) system is validated has often focused on a traditional materialistic approach. While this seems to find legitimate support in economic reasoning, such a fundamental view also appears to contradict a related social norm claim, which dictates that society ought to be shaped by appropriate values rather than economic rubrics. Although Ghana is not a signatory member of the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants Convention (upov Convention), there is explicit evidence that the Plant Breeders’ Rights (pbrs) Bill under consideration in the Ghanaian Parliament contains provisions modelled on the upov Act 1991 rather than the potentially flexible and effective sui generis system in trips. This paper aims to contribute to a recently active area of discussion on the topic by examining the consequences of stringent legislation on pbrs in the absence of adequate safeguard measures to protect the public interest. Consequently, the hypothesis of this paper rests on the argument that every system needs checks and balances and the legislative system is no exception. The conclusion is that Ghana should not ignore the effective sui generis system under trips for the pbrs modelled around the upov Convention because the latter does not entail adequate safeguard provisions and stands to devalue the public interest.

scholarly journals Karakterisasi Morfologi Dan Hasil Tanaman Kentang Varietas Granola Dan Kentang Merah Yang Dibudidayakan Di Bener Meriah Provinsi Aceh

Jurnal Agrium ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismadi Ismadi ◽  
Kholilah Kholilah ◽  
Laila Nazirah ◽  
Nilahayati Nilahayati ◽  
Maisura Maisura
Keyword(s):  
International Union ◽  
New Varieties

Kentang merupakan salah satu tanaman hortikultura yang disukai masyarakat karena mengandung karbohidrat dan nilai gizi yang tinggi. Penelitian ini dilakukan di Desa Ujung Gele Kecamatan Bukit Kabupaten Bener Meriah dengan ketinggian 1300 mdpl mulai Juli hingga November 2020. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakteristik morfologi varietas Granola dan kentang merah yang dibudidayakan sesuai dengan pedoman teknis budidaya kentang oleh Balai Penelitian Teknologi Pertanian Jawa Barat tahun 2015. Karakteristik yang diamati mengikuti metode the International Union method for The Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV, 2004) yang terdiri dari 32 karakteristik. Pengamatan meliputi tunas, batang, daun, bunga, buah, umur panen, umbi dan potensi hasil pada waktu yang berbeda. Tunas diamati sebelum tanam, batang, daun, bunga, dan buah diamati selama pertumbuhan dan terakhir umbi diamati setelah panen. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa setiap varietas memiliki karakteristik morfologi yang berbeda dengan varietas lainnya. Varietas Granola memiliki umbi kuning dan bunga violet biru, sedangkan varietas kentang merah memiliki umbi merah dan bunga violet merah. Perhitungan potensi hasil menunjukkan bahwa varietas Granola dan kentang merah memiliki hasil yang tinggi yaitu 25.874 ton/ha (Granola) dan 28.671 ton/ha (kentang merah).Kata Kunci: tunas, batang, daun, bunga, umbi

scholarly journals Preliminary characterization of Psidium germplasm in different Brazilian ecogeographic regions

2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 437-440 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Antonio Fernandes Santos ◽  
José Mauro da Cunha e Castro ◽  
Flavio de França Souza ◽  
Aloísio Alcântara Vilarinho ◽  
Francisco Ricardo Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Selection ◽  
Fruit Color ◽  
International Union ◽  
Preliminary Characterization ◽  
Wide Spacing ◽  
Close Spacing ◽  
Pale Pink ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Dark Pink

The objective of this work was to characterize 119 accessions of guava and 40 accessions of "araçá" sampled in 35 Brazilian ecoregions, according to the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV) descriptors. The majority of "araçá" accessions presented wide spacing of leaf veins, while guava accessions presented medium to close spacing. Most fruits of "araçá" accessions were classified as small, contrasting with medium to large fruits of guava accessions. Most of "araçá" accessions (91%) presented white flesh fruit color, while 58% of guava accessions presented pale pink, pink and dark pink colors. Fruit differences among wild and cultivated Psidium species indicate fruit as the most altered trait under artificial selection.

scholarly journals MEDICINAL PLANTS IN floristic regions of EL HARROUCH AND AZZABA (SKIKDA-ALGERIA): PRODUCTION AND THERAPEUTIC EFFECTS

1970 ◽  
pp. 05-11
Author(s):  
N. Souilah ◽  
H. Bendif ◽  
M. Djamel Miara ◽  
A. Frahtia
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Essential Oil ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Total Phenols ◽  
International Union ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Botanical Characteristics ◽  
Commercial Value

Our study on the production and the therapeutic effects of medicinal plants used by the local population of the two study areas of El Harrouch and Azzaba in the region of Skikda (Algeria), shows that the species are divided into 22 species and 14 families. The most used is the Lamiaceae family with the species Th. vulgaris with hight consumption. The study of botanical characters of International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV), agronomic (installation condition of culture) and biochemical (essential oil, total phenols and flavonoids) of this plant demonstrates their economic and therapeutic interest. According to the results, it was found that the installation of thyme culture is very important, and knowledge of installation conditions and botanical characteristics (as UPOV   recommendations), are very important for better adapt this beneficial culture through their therapeutic and commercial value at the Skikda region.

Performance of Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) Genotypes towards Growth, Yield and UPOV Properties

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulsum Yaldiz ◽  
Mahmut Camlica
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Yield Traits ◽  
Pca Analysis ◽  
International Union ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum ◽  
New Varieties ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Trigonella Foenum Graecum L ◽  
Selection Of

Background: Genetic diversity is referred to the diversity present within different genotypes of same species, serves as the most valuable reservoir in providing variability for various traits. This variability would provide a basis for improving the crop in breeding program. The present study aimed to assessment of genetic diversity and selection of superior genotypes for fenugreek breeding. Methods: In this study, 75 fenugreek genotypes with cultivars (Çiftçi and Gürarslan) were used and these genotypes were established in augmented trial design. Each genotype was analyzed for morphological and yield traits and nineteen traits were scored according to the International Union for the Protection of New Varieties of Plants (UPOV). Result: As a result of the study, PI 568215 and PI 577712 were noted as promising genotypes for seed yield and protein content, respectively. Dendrogram analysis showed that same origin genotypes were found in different main groups. Correlation analysis revealed that 22 positive or negative correlations were found among the examined properties. PCA analysis results were found among the examined properties and total variation was noted as 39.95%.

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