scholarly journals Long Term Complications Associated with Covid-19 : A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (9) ◽  
pp. 324-326
Author(s):  
Anushka Joshi
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Recovery Rate ◽  
The Body ◽  
Infected Person ◽  
Shortness Of Breath ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Close Proximity ◽  
Patients Experience ◽  
Transmissible Disease

The covid-19 has spread rapidly throughout the china and globally. This highly transmissible disease till date has infected around 17 million people worldwide. The infection spreads through the sputum or the droplets generated by the infected person by sneezing, coughing or talking. The droplets can settle down on the surfaces and floors or can remain in air where the viability of the virus varies from few minutes to several days. People can also get infected on coming in close proximity of the infected person. The patients experience mild to high fever, sore throat, headache, myalgia, tastelessness and shortness of breath along with pneumonia like symptoms in serious cases. A large number of asymptomatic cases were also reported making the detection difficult in early stages. The recovery rate as of now has reached to 78%, and fatality rates are low, still people are prone to various other long term symptoms after recovery which is a matter of concern. The researchers and scientists have found prominent effect on nervous system and other vital functions of the body, this article gives a brief review of such complications.

scholarly journals Rehabilitation of Patients with Long-Term Complications of Mild Closed Traumatic Brain Injuries Using Sensory Deprivation

2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (4) ◽  
pp. 216-220
Author(s):  
Volodymyr O. Korshnyak ◽  
Tetyana A. Donnik
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Brain Injuries ◽  
Sensory Deprivation ◽  
Neurological Status ◽  
Traumatic Brain Injuries ◽  
The Body ◽  
Vegetative Nervous System ◽  
Ability To Act ◽  
Vital Functions

Introduction: This study’s primary goal was to develop and implement a new non-pharmacological method of therapy to increase the effectiveness of rehabilitation treatment of patients with long-term complications of mild closed traumatic brain injuries. Material and Methods: We examined 100 patients with complications of mild closed traumatic brain injuries in the stage of decompensation. We studied the dynamics of subjective and objective neurological symptoms, vegetative indices (vegetative tonus, vegetative responsiveness, vegetative provisioning), and neuro mediators levels (adrenaline, noradrenaline, serotonin, dopamine, and melatonin) before and after sensory deprivation. Results: During rehabilitation, we observed the positive changes in neurological status as well as in the balance restoration of the nervous system and the neurohormonal normalization of the sympathoadrenal system. It contributed to a more adequate generalized adaptive response of the body. After a series of rehabilitation procedures, the difference between the maximal and control markers of melatonin excretion significantly decreased, which might confirm the evidence of normalization of the processes’ rhythmicity and vital functions, as well as the improvement of complex neuroprotection. Also, the normalization of melatonin excretion in patients was associated with sleep improvement, decreased intensity of the headache syndromes, and increased activity and ability to act. Conclusions: Long-term complications of mild closed traumatic brain injury develop due to activity imbalance of supratentorial structures of the vegetative nervous system, desynchronization of the cortex’s activity, and desynchronization of humoral mechanisms of vegetative activity realization. The use of sensory deprivation promotes much faster rehabilitation of this group of patients, reduces the pharmacological burden on the patient’s body, and improves the brain system’s functioning.

Neurophysiological and morphological effects in the post-exposure vibration period during experimental modeling

2019 ◽  
pp. 284-290
Author(s):  
Natalya L. Yakimova ◽  
Vladimir A. Pankov ◽  
Aleksandr V. Lizarev ◽  
Viktor S. Rukavishnikov ◽  
Marina V. Kuleshova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Experimental Model ◽  
Visual Evoked Potentials ◽  
The Body ◽  
Behavioral Activity ◽  
Contact Period ◽  
Vibration Exposure ◽  
Visual Evoked

Introduction. Vibration disease continues to occupy one of the leading places in the structure of professional pathology. In workers after the termination of contact with vibration generalization and progression of violations in an organism is noted. The pathogenetic mechanisms of the progredient course of disturbances in the nervous system in the post-contact period of vibration exposure remain insufficiently studied.The aim of the study was to test an experimental model of vibration exposure to assess the neurophysiological and morphological effects of vibration in rats in the dynamics of the post-contact period.Materials and methods. The work was performed on 168 white male outbred rats aged 3 months weighing 180–260 g. The vibration effect was carried out on a 40 Hz vibrating table for 60 days 5 times a week for 4 hours a day. Examination of animals was performed after the end of the physical factor, on the 30th, 60th and 120th day of the post-contact period. To assess the long-term neurophysiological and morphofunctional effects of vibration in rats, we used indicators of behavioral reactions, bioelectric activity of the somatosensory zone of the cerebral cortex, somatosensory and visual evoked potentials, parameters of muscle response, morphological parameters of nervous tissue.Results. In the dynamics of the post-contact period observed the preservation of violations of tentatively research, motor and emotional components of behavior. In the Central nervous system instability of activity of rhythms of an electroencephalogram, decrease in amplitude of visual evoked potentials, lengthening of latency of somatosensory evoked potentials, decrease in total number of normal neurons and astroglia is established. In the peripheral nervous system remained changes in indicators: increasing duration and latency, reducing the amplitude of the neuromuscular response.Conclusions: The experimental model allows us to study the long-term neurophysiological and morphological effects of vibration on the body. The formation and preservation of changes in behavioral activity, neurophysiological and morphological effects of vibration from the 30th to the 120th day of the post-contact period were confirmed.

Lessons for Health Service: the Chernobyl Accident and the COVID-19 Pandemic

2020 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 79-84
Author(s):  
A. Bushmanov ◽  
I. Galstyan ◽  
V. Solov'ev ◽  
M. Konchalovsky
Keyword(s):  
Chernobyl Accident ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Personnel ◽  
The Body ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Medical Institutions ◽  
Emergency Drugs ◽  
To Receive

Purpose: The article is devoted to the analysis of organizational measures to overcome the medical consequences of two large-scale events: the Chernobyl accident on 26.04.1986 and the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: A comparison of the causes, key factors, numbers affected and involved in these events persons, and the availability of the source of knowledge about the clinical picture, diagnosis, prevention and treatment of diseases, developing as a result of radiation exposure and the virus SARS-Cov-2. The article considers the availability of special medical institutions, the infectability of medical workers, the presence of long-term consequences for the health of victims and for the economy. Conclusions: In the development of such catastrophic events, an important role should be played by 1) Timely and adequate information to the population. 2) It is necessary to have a sufficient number of beds that can be repurposed in accordance with the needs and provided with appropriate equipment to support the vital functions of the body. 3) Planned training of qualified medical personnel should be carried out. 4) It is necessary to have stocks of emergency drugs close to the institutions where it is possible to receive victims.

scholarly journals Modern aspects of neuropathogenesis and neurological manifestations of COVID-19

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 6-15
Author(s):  
L.A. Dziak ◽  
O.S. Tsurkalenko ◽  
K.V. Chekha ◽  
V.M. Suk
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
The Body ◽  
Altered Level ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Coronavirus infection is a systemic pathology resulting in impairment of the nervous system. The involvement of the central nervous system in COVID-19 is diverse by clinical manifestations and main mechanisms. The mechanisms of interrelations between SARS-CoV-2 and the nervous system include a direct virus-induced lesion of the central nervous system, inflammatory-mediated impairment, thrombus burden, and impairment caused by hypoxia and homeostasis. Due to the multi-factor mechanisms (viral, immune, hypoxic, hypercoagulation), the SARS-CoV-2 infection can cause a wide range of neurological disorders involving both the central and peripheral nervous system and end organs. Dizziness, headache, altered level of consciousness, acute cerebrovascular diseases, hypogeusia, hyposmia, peripheral neuropathies, sleep disorders, delirium, neuralgia, myalgia are the most common signs. The structural and functional changes in various organs and systems and many neurological symptoms are determined to persist after COVID-19. Regardless of the numerous clinical reports about the neurological and psychiatric symptoms of COVID-19 as before it is difficult to determine if they are associated with the direct or indirect impact of viral infection or they are secondary to hypoxia, sepsis, cytokine reaction, and multiple organ failure. Penetrated the brain, COVID-19 can impact the other organs and systems and the body in general. Given the mechanisms of impairment, the survivors after COVID-19 with the infection penetrated the brain are more susceptible to more serious diseases such as Parkinson’s disease, cognitive decline, multiple sclerosis, and other autoimmune diseases. Given the multi-factor pathogenesis of COVID-19 resulting in long-term persistence of the clinical symptoms due to impaired neuroplasticity and neurogenesis followed by cholinergic deficiency, the usage of Neuroxon® 1000 mg a day with twice-day dosing for 30 days. Also, a long-term follow-up and control over the COVID-19 patients are recommended for the prophylaxis, timely determination, and correction of long-term complications.

scholarly journals Implications of Breast Cancer Chemotherapy-Induced Inflammation on the Gut, Liver, and Central Nervous System

Biomedicines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 189
Author(s):  
Taurean Brown ◽  
DeLawrence Sykes ◽  
Antiño R. Allen
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Normal Organ ◽  
Breast Cancer Chemotherapy ◽  
Distress Symptoms ◽  
Organ Systems ◽  
Patients Experience

Breast Cancer is still one of the most common cancers today; however, with advancements in diagnostic and treatment methods, the mortality and survivorship of patients continues to decrease and increase, respectively. Commonly used treatments today consist of drug combinations, such as doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide; docetaxel, doxorubicin, and cyclophosphamide; or doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and paclitaxel. Although these combinations are effective at destroying cancer cells, there is still much to be understood about the effects that chemotherapy can have on normal organ systems such as the nervous system, gastrointestinal tract, and the liver. Patients can experience symptoms of cognitive impairments or “chemobrain”, such as difficulty in concentrating, memory recollection, and processing speed. They may also experience gastrointestinal (GI) distress symptoms such as diarrhea and vomiting, as well as hepatotoxicity and long term liver damage. Chemotherapy treatment has also been shown to induce peripheral neuropathy resulting in numbing, pain, and tingling sensations in the extremities of patients. Interestingly, researchers have discovered that this array of symptoms that cancer patients experience are interconnected and mediated by the inflammatory response.

Recent Advances on Possible Association Between the Periodontal Infection of Porphyromonas gingivalis and Central Nervous System Injury

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Wenlei Yu ◽  
Linjie Lu ◽  
Xintong Ji ◽  
Qiwei Qian ◽  
Xiaohan Lin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Porphyromonas Gingivalis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Cns Injury ◽  
Cns Diseases ◽  
Periodontal Infection ◽  
Peripheral Infection

Chronic periodontitis caused by Porphyromonas gingivalis (P. gingivalis) infection generally lasts for a lifetime. The long-term existence and development of P. gingivalis infection gradually aggravate the accumulation of inflammatory signals and toxic substances in the body. Recent evidence has revealed that P. gingivalis infection may be relevant to some central nervous system (CNS) diseases. The current work collects information and tries to explore the possible relationship between P. gingivalis infection and CNS diseases, including the interaction or pathways between peripheral infection and CNS injury, and the underlying neurotoxic mechanisms.

Surgical treatment of transacetabular fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-94
Author(s):  
I. S. BOROVOY ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Treatment ◽  
The Body ◽  
Long Term Results ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Vital Functions ◽  
Acetabulum Fractures ◽  
External Fixation Device ◽  
Surgical Tactics ◽  
Positive Effect

The article presents an analysis of the treatment results of patients with transverse acetabulum fractures of type B1.1 according to the AO classification using various surgical tactics/ the most optimistic results were obtained when using the hip joint osteosynthesis with an external fixation device (EFD) «pelvis-hip» in urgent cases. Besides the obvious antishock action, it allows removing the femoral head from the central displacement and in many cases achieving the reposition of the acetabulum, due to ligamentotaxis. After x-ray control in the case of a further incomplete reposition in the EFD, it significantly simplifies the open stage of surgical treatment after the stabilization of the vital functions of the body, which has a positive effect on the long-term results of treatment of this complex category of patients.

scholarly journals Literature Study: The Effectiveness of Aromatherapy on Reducing Anxiety in Chronic Kidney Failure Patients Undergoing Hemodialysis

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-177
Author(s):  
Eka Agustin ◽  
◽  
Dian Hudiyawati
Keyword(s):  
Central Nervous System ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Cerebral Cortex ◽  
Kidney Disease ◽  
The Body ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Long Term Treatment ◽  
The Central Nervous System ◽  
The Brain

Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) is a progressive and irreversible decline in kidney function that results in the decreased ability of the body to retain fluids and electrolytes. Treatment methods in end-stage kidney disease are long-term treatment with hemodialysis and kidney transplantation. Hemodialysis therapy in the long term can cause anxiety. Aromatherapy can assist patients in coping with anxiety. The goal of this study was to determine the efficacy of aromatherapy in reducing anxiety in patients with hemodialysis. Articles were obtained through online databases such as PubMed, Google Scholar, and Science Direct. There are seven articles obtained after going through data screening and will be identified for critical review. The findings show that inhalation aromatherapy was effective in reducing anxiety levels among hemodialysis patients. Inhaled aromatherapy affects the central nervous system and has a balancing effect on the cerebral cortex and nerves in the brain. Inhaled aroma compounds will interact quickly through the central nervous system and olfactory nerves and then stimulate the nerves in the brain under the balance of the cerebral cortex to produce the release of the hormone melatonin, serotonin, which can cause a feeling of relaxation or sedative. Future research should include a variety of aromatherapy variants that can be used based on patient preferences, as well as an assessment of possible side effects.

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