scholarly journals A way to increase safety in marine refrigeration when using ammonia as a working agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2018) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Feiza Memet
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Working Agent

Trade with perishables, especially food, has always been a successful business, marine refrigeration being a vital part of the specific international trade since it can cause economic losses and environmental fatalities. This paper analysis the possibility of decreasing the amount of R717 by mixing it with dimethyleter (DME). Two mixtures (20% DME, 80% R717) and (40% DME, 60% R717) are compared with pure ammonia, based on the fulfillment of the selection criteria of a refrigerant. The comparison will reveal the fact that the first mentioned mixture satisfies in a more convenient way these criteria, replacement of R717 with this mixture being a good option in improving safety, by not affecting the thermodynamic aspect of the problem, or its environmental aspect.

scholarly journals First Report of Stem and Bulb Nematode Ditylenchus dipsaci on Garlic in New Mexico

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-92
Author(s):  
Jason M. French ◽  
Jacki Beacham ◽  
Amanda Garcia ◽  
Natalie P. Goldberg ◽  
Stephen H. Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
New Mexico ◽  
Sequence Data ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
First Report ◽  
Important Pest ◽  
Ditylenchus Dipsaci ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Stem And Bulb Nematode

Taken together, symptoms present, microscopic characterization, and ITS-1 sequence data indicate New Mexico garlic samples infested with Ditylenchus dipsaci, making this the first known report of this pest in the state. This discovery is significant because D. dipsaci can be a persistent pest and has the potential to cause significant economic losses on agronomically important hosts including onion, garlic, and alfalfa. Its longevity in the soil and international trade issues will be concerns for producers. Monitoring of production areas in the region will be performed to determine if this was an isolated and contained introduction or if this important pest has become established in New Mexico.

scholarly journals MANAGEMENT TECHNIQUES FOR IMPROVING THE QUALITY OF DECISION-MAKING BY OWNERS OF APARTMENT BUILDINGS ON THE CHOICE OF MANAGEMENT ORGANIZATION

2020 ◽  
pp. 104-111
Author(s):  
A. V. Demin ◽  
I. V. Rybalchenko ◽  
I. V. Milkina
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Problem ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Apartment Building ◽  
Apartment Buildings ◽  
Limited Applicability ◽  
Management Techniques ◽  
New System

The procedure for choosing the organization managing the apartment building is regulated in detail by legislation. However, the law, formally conforming to market principles, leaves the owners of residential premises in the house without any reasonable selection criteria. The wrong choice of a management company is fraught not only with economic losses, but also with safe living. At the same time, the ratings proposed for state accounting or statistics cannot be applied by owners to select the best candidate, since they have other goals. The limited applicability of these ratings and criteria systems has been argued in the article, and also well-grounded approaches and a new system of criteria necessary to resolve the selection problem have been proposed.

Quantitative genetic studies on wool yellowing in Corriedale sheep. II. Clean wool colour and wool production traits: genetic parameter estimates and economic returns

2000 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 191
Author(s):  
M. V. Benavides ◽  
A. P. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Selection Index ◽  
Genetic Parameter ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Fibre Diameter ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Direct Selection ◽  
Parameter Estimates ◽  
Selection Indices ◽  
Visual Colour

The potential for improvement of clean wool colour (CWC) in Corriedale sheep via selection was examined. The heritability, and phenotypic and genetic correlations, of CWC, brightness (Y), greasy (GFW) and clean (CFW) fleece weights , yield percentage (Yield), mean fibre diameter (MFD), and visual colour score were estimated from 440 progeny of 19 sires of a Corriedale flock using restricted maximum likelihood (REML) procedures with average information algorithm (AIREML). The heritability of CWC was estimated at 0.27±0.13. Clean wool colour showed strong positive genetic correlations with CFW and MFD. Visual colour score and CWC were also positively genetically correlated. As expected, direct selection criteria against MFD, CWC, or visual colour score would reduce CWC; however, direct selection against MFD would improve clean wool colour with negligible reductions on CFW, thus resulting in small economic gains. Several selection indices were calculated having either CFW, MFD, and CWC or CFW and MFD as selection criteria. The b-values of an unrestricted index were estimated at I1 = + 1.15 CFW + 0.13 MFD + 0.43 CWC, with positive correlated responses for all 3 breeding objective traits (CFW, MFD, and CWC). A second index, where CFW was restricted to nil genetic change, was estimated at: I2 = + 0.14 CFW − 0.02 MFD + 0.01 CWC. This index was expected to cause a negligible genetic gain for CWC (−0.04 Y–Z units/head.year). To avoid economic losses with the reduction on CFW, a third selection index was calculated where CWC was restricted to nil change. The index was estimated at I3 = +0.61 CFW − 0.07 MFD + 0.02 CWC with expected increases in CFW and decreases in MFD. Selection indices with (a) CFW and MFD (I4) and (b) CFW, MFD, and visual colour score (I5) as selection criteria would increase CFW, MFD, and CWC at the same rates observed in I1.

scholarly journals International trade causes large net economic losses in tropical countries via the destruction of ecosystem services

AMBIO ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 387-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Junning Chang ◽  
William S. Symes ◽  
Felix Lim ◽  
L. Roman Carrasco
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Ecosystem Services ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Tropical Countries

PSXII-7 Milk somatic cells monitoring in Russian Holstein cattle population as a base for determining genetic and genomic variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
Irina Lashneva ◽  
Alexander A Sermyagin ◽  
Larisa P Ignatieva ◽  
Elena Gladyr ◽  
Alexander Ermilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Causal Genes ◽  
Cattle Health

Abstract Health traits in dairy cattle have crucial meaning to produce high quality milk. Despite of fertility problems and metabolic disorders in cows, the mastitis has a bigger economic losses influence to include it as selection criteria in cattle breeding. Somatic cell count (SCC) in that case are the good predictor for monitoring udder health cows under whole population level or separate herd. The aim of our study was to assess genetic and genomic components for SCC and their scores (SCS) using experimental dataset by seven herds with the subsequent QTL identification. For six-month observation the 5824 cows with 19786 test-day records were included into analysis. Then EBVs by offspring assessing of 139 genotyped Holstein sires were calculated trough TD Model (BLUPF90) and then it adopted as pseudo-phenotypes for GWAS. After quality control using Plink 1.90, we used ≈39K SNP (Illumina 50K). The average values for SCC and SCS were 351±7 thousands cells/ml and 2.86±0.02 score respectively. Heritability coefficients revealed low genetic variation for SCC – 0.119 and moderate for SCS – 0.211. Daily yield for cows with SCC >1000×103 cells/ml was low by -4.0 kg milk to compare individuals with SCC < 100×103 cells/ml. At the same time lactose content and freezing point were decreasing by 4.93 to 4.69% and -0.635 to -0.618°C. By Cattle QTLdb we identified some causal genes for SCC on BTA3 (ROR1), BTA9 (EZR), BTA13 (OSBPL2,DNAJC5,ZBTB46,MTG2), BTA14 (KHDRBS3) and BTA22 (RBMS3). But more relevant GWAS calls were found for SCS by BTA14 (KCNB2, ZFAT) as QTL associated to the milking speed that has unfavorable genetic correlation with clinical mastitis or SCS. Thereby, genes detected under experimental study, are the valuable and informative markers to implementation genomic selection methods for cattle health in creating Russian bulls’ reference population. The study was funded by RFBR within project No. 20-316-90050

The use of Environmental Science for decision making in Insurance

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Krescencja Glapiak
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Business School ◽  
Environmental Science ◽  
Physical Geography ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Actuarial Science ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Insurance Sector

<p>EGU General Assembly 2020 – abstract</p><p><strong> </strong></p><p><strong>The use of Environmental Science for decision making in Insurance </strong></p><p><strong> </strong></p><p>Krescencja Podgorska (Glapiak)[1], Dr John K. Hillier[2], Dr Andreas Tsanakas[3], Dr Melanie King[4], Dr Boyka Simeonova[5], Prof Alistair Milne[6]</p><p>There is considerable global interest in evidence-based decision making. An example of this is the use of geoscience within (re)insurance for natural hazards (e.g. geophysical, meteorological). These cause economic losses averaging 120 billion USD per year.  Modelling the risk of natural perils plays a vital part in the global (re)insurance sector decision-making. Thus, a 'model' comprising of a decision-making agenda/practices or software tools to form a 'view of risk' is a vital part of the (re)insurance sector’s decision-making strategy. Hence, the (re)insurance sector is of particular interest to environmental scientists seeking to engage with business, and it is relevant to ‘Operational Research’ studies as an example of a sophisticated user of complex models. Much is not understood about how such models shape organisational decision-making behaviour and their performance. Furthermore, the drivers for knowledge flow are distinct for each organization’s business model. Therefore, it is crucial to understand how environmental science propagates into key decision-making in the (re)insurance sector. Specifically, the relative strength of the various routes by which science flows into decision-making processes are not yet explicitly recorded. This study determines how geoscience is used in decision-making in (re)insurance (i.e. to form a ‘view of risk’), with the practical aim of providing evidence that academic geoscientists can use when commencing or developing their collaboration with this sector. Data include the views from 28 insurance practitioners collected at a dedicated session in the Oasis LMF conference 2018, a desk-based study of the scientific background of ‘C’-level decision makers, and insights gained through co-writing a briefing note of the observations  with  industry co-authors and a representative of the UK funding body UKRI. We show that catastrophe models are a significant and dominant means of scientific input into decision-making in organizations holding (re)insurance risk but that larger organisations often augment this with in-house teams that include PhD-level scientists.  Also, the strongest route that exists for academic scientists to directly input is via the ‘Model Adjustment’ function and technical specialists there (e.g. Catastrophe Risk Manager’), but a disconnect is observed in that key decisions are seen as being taken in the ‘Underwriting & Pricing’ function or by senior management which require a further step to propagate the environmental science internally.</p><p> </p><div><br><div> <p><strong>[1]</strong> Doctoral Researcher, Geography and Environment, School of Social Sciences, Loughborough University</p> </div> <div> <p><strong>[2]</strong> Senior Lecturer in Physical Geography, Geography and Environment, School of Social Sciences, Loughborough University</p> </div> <div> <p><strong>[3]</strong> Reader in Actuarial Science, Cass Business School, Faculty of Actuarial Science and Insurance, CASS Business School, City, University of London</p> </div> <div> <p><strong>[4]</strong> Lecturer in Systems Engineering, School of Mechanical, Electrical and Manufacturing Engineering, Loughborough University</p> </div> <div> <p><strong>[5]</strong> Lecturer in Information Management, Deputy Director, Centre for Information Management Leader, KDE-RIG, Information Management at the School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University</p> </div> <div> <p><strong>[6]</strong> Professor of Financial Economics, School of Business and Economics, Loughborough University</p> </div> </div>

scholarly journals Improving the environmental component of sustainable development of metallurgical enterprises through the implementation of the best available technologies

2020 ◽  
Vol 1,2020 (1,2020 (124)) ◽  
pp. 24-29
Author(s):  
Matukhno E ◽  
Belokon K ◽  
Baranova T ◽  
Romanko Ya
Keyword(s):  
Metallurgical Industry ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Environmental Aspects ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Best Available Technologies ◽  
Sustained Development ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Environmental Audits

The objective and tasks of research of environmental aspects of sustained development of metallurgical enterprises were defined. Method. The objective of research is a scientific substantiation of directions of the improvement of the ecological component of sustained development of metallurgical enterprises based on the implementation of the best available technologies. Domestic and foreign publications in the matters of sustained development, regulatory and recommendation documents, the results of environmental audits form the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The following methods of the research are applied in the paper: analysis, synthesis, classification, comparison and generalization. Results. Content of environmental aspect of the notion "sustained development of industrial enterprise" is specified. The factors influencing on the environmental aspects of sustained development of metallurgical enterprises are identi-fied and classified. Environmental priorities in the development of domestic industrial enterprises are characterized. Reasonability of application of the best available technologies at the metallurgical enterprises for the purpose of energy usage reduction and reduction in environmental pollution is substantiated. References to regulatory documents of Ukraine including requirements to application of the best available technologies in production are provided. The analysis of results obtained by the authors during conduct of environmental audits as well as presented on the websites of leading domestic plants and enterprises in the context of application of the best available technologies is provided. Practical significance. Recommendations on the improvement of the ecological component of sustained development of metallurgical enterprises are offered. Fulfillment of these recommendations would improve the competitive capacity of enterprises and would enable the compliance of products manufactured by metallurgical industry with the requirements of European and global market.

International Transportation and Logistics Economics

2020 ◽  
pp. 18-39
Author(s):  
Hilal Yıldırır Keser
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Economic Dimension ◽  
Effective Factors ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Effective Transport

Logistics is important in the service sector, even more so in international trade, a vital part of the economy. The delivery of raw materials and intermediate goods to manufacturers, and final goods to consumers, requires effective transport and management of the process. From this point of view, it is important to examine the economic dimension of logistics and transportation activities. This chapter clarifies logistics activities and mentions their place in economic disciplines. The economic analysis of the logistics sector is discussed in two dimensions as micro and macro scales. Effective factors in the development of an international logistics sector are explained.

The Microscopy of Compatibility and Incompatibility in Ulmus

1985 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
B. L. Redmond ◽  
Christopher F. Bob
Keyword(s):  
Dutch Elm Disease ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Hybrid Progeny ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Ulmus Americana ◽  
American Elm ◽  
Asian Species ◽  
Ulmus Parvifolia ◽  
Initial Appearance ◽  
Chinese Elm

The American Elm (Ulmus americana L.) has been plagued by Dutch Elm Disease (DED), a lethal disease caused by the fungus Ceratocystis ulmi (Buisman) c. Moreau. Since its initial appearance in North America around 1930, DED has wrought inexorable devastation on the American elm population, triggering both environmental and economic losses. In response to the havoc caused by the disease, many attempts have been made to hybridize U. americana with a few ornamentally less desirable, though highly DED resistant, Asian species (mainly the Siberian elm, Ulmus pumila L., and the Chinese elm Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.). The goal is to develop, through breeding efforts, hybrid progeny that display the ornamentally desirable characteristics of U. americana with the disease resistance of the Asian species. Unfortunately, however, all attempts to hybridize U. americana have been prevented by incompatibility. Only through a firm understanding of both compatibility and incompatibility will it be possible to circumvent the incompatibility and hence achieve hybridization.

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