PSXII-7 Milk somatic cells monitoring in Russian Holstein cattle population as a base for determining genetic and genomic variability

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 252-252
Author(s):  
Irina Lashneva ◽  
Alexander A Sermyagin ◽  
Larisa P Ignatieva ◽  
Elena Gladyr ◽  
Alexander Ermilov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Freezing Point ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Causal Genes ◽  
Cattle Health

Abstract Health traits in dairy cattle have crucial meaning to produce high quality milk. Despite of fertility problems and metabolic disorders in cows, the mastitis has a bigger economic losses influence to include it as selection criteria in cattle breeding. Somatic cell count (SCC) in that case are the good predictor for monitoring udder health cows under whole population level or separate herd. The aim of our study was to assess genetic and genomic components for SCC and their scores (SCS) using experimental dataset by seven herds with the subsequent QTL identification. For six-month observation the 5824 cows with 19786 test-day records were included into analysis. Then EBVs by offspring assessing of 139 genotyped Holstein sires were calculated trough TD Model (BLUPF90) and then it adopted as pseudo-phenotypes for GWAS. After quality control using Plink 1.90, we used ≈39K SNP (Illumina 50K). The average values for SCC and SCS were 351±7 thousands cells/ml and 2.86±0.02 score respectively. Heritability coefficients revealed low genetic variation for SCC – 0.119 and moderate for SCS – 0.211. Daily yield for cows with SCC >1000×103 cells/ml was low by -4.0 kg milk to compare individuals with SCC < 100×103 cells/ml. At the same time lactose content and freezing point were decreasing by 4.93 to 4.69% and -0.635 to -0.618°C. By Cattle QTLdb we identified some causal genes for SCC on BTA3 (ROR1), BTA9 (EZR), BTA13 (OSBPL2,DNAJC5,ZBTB46,MTG2), BTA14 (KHDRBS3) and BTA22 (RBMS3). But more relevant GWAS calls were found for SCS by BTA14 (KCNB2, ZFAT) as QTL associated to the milking speed that has unfavorable genetic correlation with clinical mastitis or SCS. Thereby, genes detected under experimental study, are the valuable and informative markers to implementation genomic selection methods for cattle health in creating Russian bulls’ reference population. The study was funded by RFBR within project No. 20-316-90050

scholarly journals Use of Herbal Preparations in Dry Cow Management against Sub Clinical Mastitis - An Alternative Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Cattle Health

Sub clinical mastitis is the most prevalent disease in the dairy cows due to managemental problem whichcauses huge economic losses to the farmers. Animals are susceptible to new intramammary infections bothat the beginning and end of dry period. Dry cow management is an important tool to control sub clinicalmastitis. Managing dry cows by use of an antibiotics causes a detrimental effect on both human and animalhealth. So, at present herbs are gaining importance for treating the cow against mastitis. Use of herbalpreparations by intramammary route, teat sealants either internally or externally or combination therapycan help in the reduction of new intramammary infections as well as cure existing infection from the udderof cow. Hence, use of herbal preparations to control sub clinical mastitis in dairy cow can be an innovativeand alternative approach in cattle health care practices.

scholarly journals Use of Herbal Preparations in Dry Cow Management against Sub Clinical Mastitis - An Alternative Approach

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Champak Bhakat
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Dry Period ◽  
Intramammary Infections ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Health Care Practices ◽  
Alternative Approach ◽  
Prevalent Disease ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Cattle Health

Sub clinical mastitis is the most prevalent disease in the dairy cows due to managemental problem whichcauses huge economic losses to the farmers. Animals are susceptible to new intramammary infections bothat the beginning and end of dry period. Dry cow management is an important tool to control sub clinicalmastitis. Managing dry cows by use of an antibiotics causes a detrimental effect on both human and animalhealth. So, at present herbs are gaining importance for treating the cow against mastitis. Use of herbalpreparations by intramammary route, teat sealants either internally or externally or combination therapycan help in the reduction of new intramammary infections as well as cure existing infection from the udderof cow. Hence, use of herbal preparations to control sub clinical mastitis in dairy cow can be an innovativeand alternative approach in cattle health care practices.

Serum Metabolic Markers Pre and Postpartum in Holstein Cows According to the Mastitis Occurrence

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth Schwegler ◽  
Augusto Schneider ◽  
Ana Rita Tavares Krause ◽  
Paula Montagner ◽  
Eduardo Schmitt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Milk Production ◽  
Postpartum Period ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Serum Markers ◽  
Holstein Cows ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Phosphorus Concentration ◽  
Extensive Management ◽  
Early Postpartum

 Background: Bovine mastitis causes major economic losses for milk producers by reducing the quantity and the quality of the milk or even leading to the complete loss of the mammary gland secretory capacity. During the transition period, dairy cows are susceptible to infectious diseases; therefore, markers that allow early identification of cows in higher risk of developing diseases are especially useful at this time. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate serum markers in the pre and postpartum of multiparous dairy cows with clinical mastitis and with health condition in the postpartum period in a semi-extensive management system.Materials, Methods & Results: Thirty-Six Holstein cows were monitored daily during milking until 59 days postpartum and were categorized according to the pre-milking strip cup test into clinical mastitis (mastitis group (MG)) and absence of symptoms (control group (CG)) that were negative to the test, representing the health cows. All cows were reared as one group and maintained in a semi-extensive pasture-based system. Blood samples were collected weekly after morning milking via venipuncture of the coccinea vein into tubes without anticoagulant and grouped for prepartum (-21 to 0 days from calving), early postpartum (0 to 30 days from calving), and late postpartum (30 to 59 days from calving) periods. Milk production was recorded daily. The serum markers albumin, aspartate aminotransferase (AST), phosphorus, gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) and non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA) were measured. Statistical analyses were performed using SAS®. The cases of clinical mastitis occurred on average at 37.2 ± 4.9 days postpartum. Health cows (CG) had higher milk production compared to the mastitis group (MG) only in the late postpartum period (P < 0.05). There was no difference among groups for albumin and NEFA concentrations in all periods evaluated (P > 0.05). In the early postpartum period the AST activity was higher in CG than in MG (P = 0.02). The GGT enzyme tended to be more concentrated in the CG than in the MG during the early (P = 0.06) and late (P = 0.08) postpartum periods. Late postpartum phosphorus concentration was lower for MG than CG (P = 0.04). In the prepartum and early postpartum periods, there was no difference among groups for phosphorus concentration (P > 0.05).Discussion: A decrease in milk production in MG compared to CG observed in late postpartum period was due to the inci­dence of mastitis observed around 37 days postpartum. Cows that presented clinical mastitis in the postpartum period did not differ in the blood concentration of NEFA in the prepartum period. In the late postpartum period higher concentration of phosphorus was observed in the CG than in MG, indicating that animals affected by mastitis may be in the weakest energy status. Regarding liver health, the concentration of AST was higher in the recent postpartum period for CG, in disagree­ment with previous studies that related AST to tissue injury caused by mastitis. The GGT enzyme tended to had higher concentrations in CG than MG during the whole postpartum period and may be related to increased hepatic metabolism due to higher production. There were no changes in albumin levels among healthy and mastitis cows, indicating that this marker can not be used to predict clinical mastitis. There were no metabolic alterations in the prepartum period related to the occurrence of postpartum mastitis in multiparous cows in a semi-extensive management system.Keywords: AST, dairy cows, NEFA.

scholarly journals An Untargeted Metabolomics Investigation of Milk from Dairy Cows with Clinical Mastitis by 1H-NMR

Foods ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1707
Author(s):  
Chenglin Zhu ◽  
Kaiwei Tang ◽  
Xuan Lu ◽  
Junni Tang ◽  
Luca Laghi
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
1H Nmr ◽  
Tricarboxylic Acid Cycle ◽  
Tca Cycle ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
Mastitic Milk ◽  
Chemical Groups

Mastitis is one of the diseases with the highest incidence in dairy cows, causing huge economic losses to the dairy industry all over the world. The aim of the study was to characterize mastitic milk metabolome through untargeted nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Taking advantage of the high reproducibility of 1H-NMR, we had the opportunity to provide quantitative information for all the metabolites identified. Fifty-four molecules were characterized, sorted mainly into the chemical groups, namely amino acids, peptides and analogues, carbohydrates and derivates, organic acids and derivates, nucleosides, nucleotides and analogues. Combined with serum metabolomic investigations, several pathways were addressed to explain the mechanisms of milk metabolome variation affected by clinical mastitis, such as tricarboxylic acid cycle (TCA cycle) and phenylalanine, tyrosine and tryptophan biosynthesis. These results provide a further understanding of milk metabolome altered by clinical mastitis, which can be used as a reference for the further milk metabolome investigations.

scholarly journals The lack of selection criteria for surgery in patients with non-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bohlok ◽  
Valerio Lucidi ◽  
Fikri Bouazza ◽  
Ali Daher ◽  
Desislava Germanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Survival Group ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Clinicopathologic Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases

Abstract Background: The benefit of surgery in patients with non-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases (NCRNNELM) remains controversial. At the population level, several statistical prognostic factors and scores have been proposed but inconsistently verified. At the patient level, no selection criteria have been demonstrated to guide individual therapeutic decision making. We aimed to evaluate potential individual selection criteria to predict the benefit of surgery in patients undergoing treatment for NCRNNELM.Methods: Data for 114 patients undergoing surgery for NCRNNELM were reviewed. In this population, we identified an early relapse group (ER), defined as patients with unresectable recurrence <1 year postoperatively who did not benefit from surgery (N=28), and a long-term survival group (LTS), defined as patients who were recurrence-free ≥5-years postoperatively and benefited from surgery (N=20). Clinicopathologic parameters, the Association Française de Chirurgie (AFC) score, and a modified 4-point Clinical Risk Score (mCRS) (excluding CEA level) were analyzed and compared between LTS and ER groups.Results: The majority of patients were female and a majority had an ASA score ≤2 at the time of liver surgery. Median age was 55 years. Almost half of the patients (46%) presented with a single liver metastasis. Intermediate- and low-risk AFC scores represented 40% and 60% of the population, respectively. Five- and ten-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 56% and 27%, and 30% and 12%, respectively. Negative prognostic factors were size of liver metastases >50 mm and delay between primary and NCRNNELM <24 months for OS and DFS, respectively. AFC score was not prognostic while high-risk mCRS (score 3-4) was predictive for poorer OS. The clinicopathologic parameters were similar in the ER and LTS groups, except the presence of N+ primary tumor and the size of liver metastases were significantly higher in the ER group. Conclusion: In patients with resectable NCRNNELM, no predictive factors or scores were found to accurately preoperatively differentiate individual cases in whom surgery would be futile from those in whom surgery could be associated with a significant oncological benefit.

Reduction of ROS-HIF1α-driven glycolysis by taurine alleviates Streptococcus uberis infection

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Riguo Lan ◽  
Yuanyuan Zhou ◽  
Zhenglei Wang ◽  
Shaodong Fu ◽  
Yabing Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Clinical Mastitis ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Streptococcus Uberis ◽  
Promising Strategy ◽  
Resistant Strains

Antibiotic-resistant strains of Streptococcus uberis (S. uberis) frequently cause clinical mastitis resulting in enormous economic losses. The regulation of immunometabolism is a promising strategy for controlling this bacterial infection. To...

Nutrition and Nutraceuticals in Neuroinflammatory and Brain Metabolic Stress: Implications for Neurodegenerative Disorders

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (9) ◽  
pp. 680-688 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.D. Pandareesh ◽  
Hemanth Kumar Kandikattu ◽  
Sakina Razack ◽  
Narayanappa Amruta ◽  
Ramesh Choudhari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Disorders ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Metabolic Stress ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Nutritional Factors ◽  
Effective Manner

Background and Objective: A steep rise in the incidences of neurodegenerative disorders could be the combined effect of several non-genetic factors such as increased life expectancy, environmental pollutants, lifestyle, and dietary habits, as population-level genetic change require multiple generations. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic over-nutrition induces brain metabolic stress and neuroinflammation, and are individually known to promote neurodegenerative disorders including Alzheimer’s disease (AD), Parkinson’s disease (PD) and Huntington’s disease (HD). Although the association of metabolic disorders such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and atherosclerosis with the dietary habits is well known, neuronal implications of diet and nutritional factors is still in its infancy. Transcriptomics and proteomics-based studies support the view that nutraceuticals target multiple neuroprotective pathways in a slow but effective manner without causing severe adverse effects, and may represent the future of tackling neurodegenerative disorders. Conclusion: In this article we i) review the diet/dietary supplement connection with brain metabolic stress and neuroinflammation and ii) summarize current knowledge of the effects of nutraceuticals on neurodegenerative disorders.

scholarly journals A way to increase safety in marine refrigeration when using ammonia as a working agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 27 (2018) ◽  
pp. 37-40
Author(s):  
Feiza Memet
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Paper Analysis ◽  
Good Option ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Environmental Aspect ◽  
Vital Part ◽  
Thermodynamic Aspect ◽  
Successful Business ◽  
Working Agent

Trade with perishables, especially food, has always been a successful business, marine refrigeration being a vital part of the specific international trade since it can cause economic losses and environmental fatalities. This paper analysis the possibility of decreasing the amount of R717 by mixing it with dimethyleter (DME). Two mixtures (20% DME, 80% R717) and (40% DME, 60% R717) are compared with pure ammonia, based on the fulfillment of the selection criteria of a refrigerant. The comparison will reveal the fact that the first mentioned mixture satisfies in a more convenient way these criteria, replacement of R717 with this mixture being a good option in improving safety, by not affecting the thermodynamic aspect of the problem, or its environmental aspect.

scholarly journals Cattle Health Status Criteria

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2251-2254
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Metabolic Diseases ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Economic Damage ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Cattle Health

Materials for studying disparate scientific data, performing studies and developing the criteria for evaluating the health status of cattle have been presented. The efficiency of the integrated approach to solving the problem has been shown. It has been found that metabolic diseases cause the most economic damage to livestock. Based on this fact, countries with developed cattle breeding pay increasing attention to the development and improvement of the methodological, organizational and methodical bases of metabolism monitoring, especially during the most hectic periods of the physiological cycle. In the Russian Federation, their methodological basis includes clinical examination, creating biologically full-fledged and high-quality forage base, bringing the animals keeping conditions closer to the natural ones, and laboratory study of the indicators of blood, urine, and milk as intermediate indicators of metabolism and of its conformity to the level and the nature of animal productivity. Among animal health criteria, one should consider the state of the immune system, which due to its sensitivity, may act as an indicator of the effect of various anthropogenic factors and ecological state on the organism.

scholarly journals The lack of selection criteria for surgery in patients with non-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ali Bohlok ◽  
Valerio Lucidi ◽  
Fikri Bouazza ◽  
Ali Daher ◽  
Desislava Germanova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prognostic Factors ◽  
Liver Metastases ◽  
Selection Criteria ◽  
Disease Free Survival ◽  
Population Level ◽  
Survival Group ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Clinicopathologic Parameters ◽  
Therapeutic Decision Making ◽  
Neuroendocrine Liver Metastases

Abstract Background The benefit of surgery in patients with non-colorectal non-neuroendocrine liver metastases (NCRNNELM) remains controversial. At the population level, several statistical prognostic factors and scores have been proposed but inconsistently verified. At the patient level, no selection criteria have been demonstrated to guide individual therapeutic decision making. We aimed to evaluate potential individual selection criteria to predict the benefit of surgery in patients undergoing treatment for NCRNNELM. Methods Data for 114 patients undergoing surgery for NCRNNELM were reviewed. In this population, we identified an early relapse group (ER), defined as patients with unresectable recurrence <1 year postoperatively who did not benefit from surgery (N=28), and a long-term survival group (LTS), defined as patients who were recurrence-free ≥5-years postoperatively and benefited from surgery (N=20). Clinicopathologic parameters, the Association Française de Chirurgie ( AFC) score, and a modified 4-point Clinical Risk Score (mCRS) (excluding CEA level) were analyzed and compared between LTS and ER groups. Results The majority of patients were female and a majority had an ASA score ≤2 at the time of liver surgery. Median age was 55 years. Almost half of the patients (46%) presented with a single liver metastasis. Intermediate- and low-risk AFC scores represented 40% and 60% of the population, respectively. Five- and ten-year overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS) rates were 56% and 27%, and 30% and 12%, respectively. Negative prognostic factors were size of liver metastases >50 mm and delay between primary and NCRNNELM <24 months for OS and DFS, respectively. AFC score was not prognostic while high-risk mCRS (score 3-4) was predictive for poorer OS. The clinicopathologic parameters were similar in the ER and LTS groups, except the presence of N+ primary tumor and the size of liver metastases were significantly higher in the ER group. Conclusion In patients with resectable NCRNNELM , no predictive factors or scores were found to accurately preoperatively differentiate individual cases in whom surgery would be futile from those in whom surgery could be associated with a significant oncological benefit.

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