Exposure to 1800 MHz GSM- like radiofrequency electromagnetic field reduces follicular development and overall fertility of female rats

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 127-136
Author(s):  
Ali S. H. Alchalabi ◽  
Erkihun Aklilu ◽  
Abd Rahman Aziz ◽  
F. Malek ◽  
S. H. Ronald ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Follicle ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Reproductive Activity ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Activity Impairment ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Radiofrequency Electromagnetic Field

  In the current study, the effect of 1800 MHz radiofrequency radiation exposure on female rats’ fertility was investigated. The study was conducted on the nine groups of female Sprague-Dawley rats (20 rats/group) with a control group and exposure groups which exposed to EMF 1hr/day and 2hr/day for 15, 30 and 60 days respectively. Animals were whole-body exposed using a GSM-like radiofrequency generator at SAR level 0.048 W/Kg. After the last exposure, rats were divided into two subgroups for fertility evaluation, ovari-an follicle count, and oxidative stress assessment. Prolonged cohabitation day until delivery in exposure groups animals compared to control was ob-served. Moreover, a significant decrease in the number of pups per delivery was observed. Ovarian follicle count showed a dramatic decrease in exposure groups throughout the experiment except the number of atretic follicles was significantly increased compared to control groups. FSH level was signifi-cantly reduced within exposure groups. LH level remained constant except in 2hr. /day group for 60 days. Melatonin levels were significantly lower in ex-posure groups. Glutathione peroxidase activity was reduced in most exposure groups. Malondialdehyde levels were raised significantly in most expo-sure groups compared to the control. Our findings conclude that exposure to electromagnetic field's cause female reproductive activity impairment.

Dosimetry and pathology of 237Np in female rats

1997 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Sontag ◽  
R. Wirth ◽  
A. Luz ◽  
E. Schäffer ◽  
V. Volf
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Life Span ◽  
The Body ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Pathological Examination ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Female Sprague-Dawley rats, 10-12-week old and weigh ing about 240 g, were injected intravenously with 237Np nitrate. In the toxicological study 77 rats served as controls and 28 rats per group received single doses of 5.2 and 26 kBq, respectively, per kg body weight. In addition, 12 rats of each injection level, sacrificed at defined points in time, were used for dosimetric studies. During the whole life-span the body weight and 237Np whole body-content of each animal were recorded. After death a detailed pathological examination was made of each animal in the cronical study. One day after injection 48% of the injected activity was in the skeleton, 9.3% in the liver, 3% in the kidneys and 4.4% in the rest of the organs. Whereas in all organs the activity decreased very fast, the half-life in the skeleton was about 1400 days. The bodyweights were comparable in the three groups, but the life span decreased from 800 days (control group) to 644 days after injection (26 kBq kg -1 body weight group). The main lesions in the female rats were mammary tumors (73%) and pituitary gland tumors (52%). With increasing activity the incidence of pituary gland tumors decreased and that of osteosarco mas increased from 1.3% (control group) to 32% (26 kBq kg-1 body weight group), whereas the remaining lesions showed no influence on the activity.

Impaired follicular development and endocrine disorders in female rats by prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of cadmium

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 63-75
Author(s):  
Saman Saedi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Jafarzadeh Shirazi ◽  
Mohammad Javad Zamiri ◽  
Mehdi Totonchi ◽  
Mohammad Dadpasand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Steroid Hormones ◽  
Endocrine System ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Endocrine Disorders ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Puberty Onset ◽  
Different Doses

Cadmium (Cd) has been associated with several physiological problems including reproductive and endocrine system dysfunction resulting in temporary infertility. The principal objective of this project was to investigate the effects of prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd on puberty onset, the endocrine system, and follicular development. For this purpose, 16 female Sprague-Dawley rats weaned on postnatal day (PND) 21 were randomly divided into 4 groups ( n = 4 per group). The treatments were as follows: 0, 25, 50, and 75 mg/kg/day of cadmium chloride (CdCl2) by oral gavage from PND 21 to observation of first vaginal opening (VO). The results demonstrated that prepubertal exposure to different doses of CdCl2 delays the age of VO, first diestrus, and first proestrus via altering the concentrations of estradiol and progesterone. The low level of these steroid hormones contributed to lower differentiation and maturation of follicles and it finally led to reduced ovarian reservoir of follicles and impaired follicular development. The number of atretic follicles and secondary follicles with premature cavity increased in rats that received a high dose of CdCl2, whereas the number of secondary follicles and corpora luteum decreased in the same circumstances. Taken together, these data suggest that prepubertal exposure to toxic doses of Cd delays the onset of puberty via disorderliness in the concentration of steroid hormones and reduces the ovarian reservoir of follicles, as well as folliculogenesis.

SUBCHRONIC TOXICITY OF MALAYSIAN ACALYPHA INDICA: BIOCHEMISTRY AND HAEMATOLOGY ANALYSIS OF RAT

2016 ◽  
Vol 78 (5-5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Norazlanshah Hazali ◽  
Nurul Nadia Mohd Nazri ◽  
Muhammad Ibrahim ◽  
Mashita Masri
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dosage Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Subchronic Toxicity ◽  
High Dosage Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Acalypha Indica

Acalypha indica is one of the medicinal plants that have been used since ages to treat various diseases such as pneumoniae, asthma and skin diseases. This study aimed to explore the subchronic toxicity effect of Acalypha indica on Sprague Dawley rats based on haematological and biochemical parameters. The extract of Acalypha indica was prepared by aqueous extraction technique. 48 Sprague Dawley rats aged 7 weeks, weighing 150-200g were randomly divided into four groups, 6 animals per gender. A control group received water vehicle while three treated groups received the extract at dosage of 100 (low dosage group), 200 (medium dosage group) and 300 (high dosage group) mg/kg body weight. The sample was administered orally by using oral gavage daily for 90 days. No sign of toxicity and mortality was recorded in all groups throughout the study. There were no significant different (p>0.05) in body weight gain, food and water intake between control and treatment group. However, there was significant different in uric acid between control and high dosage group of male and female rats but the mean were in normal range. There were also reduced in mean of urea and creatinine in all dosage group of male and urea for all dosage group of female. Statistically significant reduced in urea was recorded between control and high dosage group of male only. Other parameters showed no significant different between control and treatment groups. Therefore, Acalypha indica is safe for human consumption and might be potential in reducing kidney damage problem.

Docosahexaenoic Acid at 0.4% of Dietary Weight Enhances Lean Mass in Young Female Sprague-Dawley Rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 149 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-487 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahra Farahnak ◽  
Julia Lévy-Ndejuru ◽  
Paula Lavery ◽  
Hope A Weiler
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Docosahexaenoic Acid ◽  
Fat Mass ◽  
Lean Mass ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Leptin ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

ABSTRACT Background Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA; 22:6n–3) is an n–3 (ω-3) fatty acid known for beneficial effects on body composition. Objective The objective of the study was to test the dose response of lean and fat mass to DHA in healthy growing female rats. Methods Female Sprague-Dawley rats (7 wk at baseline; n = 12/diet) were randomly assigned to receive a control (AIN-93M; 60 g soybean oil/kg diet) or experimental diet for 10 wk. Experimental diets contained 0.1%, 0.4%, 0.8%, or 1.2% DHA (wt:wt of total diet). Imaging for whole-body and abdominal composition was conducted using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and microcomputed tomography, respectively, at weeks 0, 5, and 10. Fatty acid profiles of several tissues were analyzed using gas chromatography. Serum leptin, C-reactive protein, and plasma insulin-like growth factor I concentrations were measured at each time point using immunoassays. Data were tested using Pearson's correlations and mixed-model ANOVA. Results No differences were observed in weight at baseline or food intake throughout the study. Overall, a 6% increase (P < 0.05) in whole-body and abdominal lean mass was observed in the 0.4%-DHA diet group compared with the control diet group. Moreover, the abdominal visceral fat mass was 31.4% lower in rats in the 0.4%-DHA than in the 1.2%-DHA diet group (P < 0.001). Rats in the 1.2%-DHA diet group showed greater percent differences in whole-body (32.5% and 40.6% higher) and in abdominal (33.9% and 49.4% higher) fat mass relative to the 0.1%- and 0.4%-DHA diet groups, respectively (P < 0.01). Accordingly, serum leptin concentration was lower in the 0.1%-DHA (38.2%) and 0.4%-DHA (43.8%) diet groups (P < 0.01) than in the 1.2%-DHA diet group and positively related to whole-body fat mass (r = 0.91, P < 0.0001). Conclusion Dietary DHA at 0.4% of dietary weight effectively enhances lean mass and proportionally reduces fat mass in growing female rats.

scholarly journals Transgenerational Evaluation of Elateriospermum tapos Extracts on the Male Offspring of Obesity-Induced Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (10) ◽  
pp. 3045-3057
Author(s):  
Santhra Segaran Balan ◽  
Azrina Zainal Abidin ◽  
Kokila Vani Perumal ◽  
Nurul Husna Shafie ◽  
Maizaton Atmadini Abdullah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Male Offspring ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Brown Adipose ◽  
Long Term Treatment

Obesity has been considered as a great public health concern, that has spread in both economic and poor resources countries. This study aimed to investigate the effect of Elateriospermum tapos supplementation on the male offspring of female obesity-induced Sprague Dawley (SD) rats at weaning and adult age. A total of thirty (30) female and fifteen (15) male Sprague Dawley rats (N=45) were purchased for this study. Of the 30 female rats, six (n=6) were randomly selected as the control group (CG) and fed separately with male on standard chow diet, while the remaining rats (n=24) were fed on a high-fat diet for 5 weeks. The obese group were further randomly divided into 4 groups, positive control group (PG), orlistat treatment (DG) at 200 mg/kg, treatment 1 (TX1, 200 mg/kg E. tapos seed) and treatment 2 (TX2, 200 mg/kg E. tapos shell) for 6 weeks. One male pup from each dam was culled at weaning (postnatal day 21 (PND21)) and adulthood (12 weeks). The liver, kidney, retroperitoneal white adipose tissue (RpWAT) and brown adipose tissue (BAT) were collected for histopathological study. Serum lipid profiles, liver enzyme activities and creatinine were measured. The bodyweight of male offspring from treatment 1 (MTX1) and 2 (MTX2) was significantly lower (P<0.05) compare to MNG group. The RpWAT weight in MTX1 and MTX2 for adult offspring also were significantly lower (P<0.05) compared to MPG. The histopathological examination of liver in MCG, MDG, MTX1, and MTX2 showed normal hepatocytes while the MPG group showed the presence of ballooning cell and hypertrophy of adipocytes was also observed in MPG group compared to another group’s rat. The E. tapos extracts from the shell have greater therapeutic potential on maternal obesity in short and long term treatment.

scholarly journals Acute Toxicity Evaluation of a Crude Sap Isolated from Nypa fruticants Wurmb. in Sprague Dawley Rats

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (3) ◽  
pp. 711-721
Author(s):  
SITI FATIMAH ROQIAH YAHAYA ◽  
NIZA SAMSUDDIN ◽  
SUHANA MAMAT ◽  
ROZITA HOD ◽  
NOR ZAMZILA ABDULLAH ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acute Toxicity ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Vital Signs ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Full Blood Count ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Difference

Nypa fruticans Wurmb. (nipa palm) sap, locally known as air nira or tuak, is a sweet natural beverage in Malaysia with antioxidant potency beneficial for human health. However, nypa sap lacks scientific attention with no toxicity study has been established. Therefore, this study was performed to evaluate the acute toxicity of nypa sap in the female Sprague Dawley rats. Twenty-five female rats were randomly divided into one control group and four treated groups. Treated groups were orally administered with doses of 5, 50, 300, and 2000 mg/kg of nypa sap, while the control group had received normal saline solution. The animals’ vital signs and mortality were recorded daily at an interval of 30 min and continued up to 14 days. Their blood samples and organs were harvested for toxicity analysis to assess liver and kidney function, lipid profile, and full blood count. The acute toxicity test via measurement of the biochemical and haematological parameters had shown that there was no significant difference between the treated and control groups. However, the blood glucose level in the treated groups (at higher doses of 300 and 2000 mg/kg, respectively) was significantly decreased. A similar trend was recorded for mean corpuscular volume (MCV) albeit in the treated group of 50 mg/kg doses. Histopathological examination of the organs showed no signs of abnormality in both treated and untreated groups. Overall, the results showed that consumption of nypa sap is potentially safe with no acute toxic effect on the laboratory rat models.

Pharmacokinetics of bio-shell-silver-core nanoparticles (AgNP) in Sprague-Dawley Rats – In vivo study

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 ◽  
Author(s):  
Asra Parveen ◽  
Vijay kumar B. Malashetty ◽  
Sushruta Marla ◽  
Shanth Reddy ◽  
Sidramappa Sirsand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nanoparticles ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Biomedical Applications ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Target Organs ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

Background: Silver nanoparticles have been widely used in the field of nanomedicine. A comprehensive understanding of their pharmacokinetics is crucial for proper risk assessment and safe biomedical applications. Objectives: The purpose of this study was to investigate the safety of silver nanoparticles by determining its potential toxicity following 28 days administration in Sprague Dawley rats. Method: The silver nanoparticles were administered by intravenous injection at the doses of 100, 200 and 500 µg/kg body weight for 28 consecutive days. Animals in the control group were received sterile water for injection. Each group consists of 10 male and 10 female rats. Results: No treatment related effects were seen in any of the parameters monitored in rats given 100, 200 and 500 µg/kg body weight/day of silver nanoparticles. Conclusion: The study proved that the use of up to 500 µg/kg body weight biosynthesized silver nanoparticles have no toxic effect in the target organs and found safe. However, the safety of the nanoparticles might be attributed to the covering of biological moieties on nanoparticles. Hence, the biofunctionalized nanoparticles can be safely used by selecting the required size and dose in medicines and drug delivery systems.

scholarly journals The Changes of Serum Hormones in Female Rats after an Exhaustive Swimming

1998 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Zhaowei KONG ◽  
Frank FU
Keyword(s):  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Strenuous Exercise ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Serum Estradiol ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Hormones ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Significant Change

LANGUAGE NOTE | Document text in Chinese; abstract also in English.The changes of serum hormones during strenuous exercise were studied. 40 female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly assigned into two groups— the exhaustive swimming group rats and the control. They were sacrificed after exhaustive swimming. Changes in the exercised rats indicated that: 1) the concentrations of serum estradiol (雌二醇, E2) decreased significantly, 2) no significant change in progesterone (孕酮, P, 3) the level of serum cortisol (皮質酵, C)was higher in the exercised rats, 4) the testosterone (睾酮, T) level remained unchanged in both groups, 5) triiodothyronine (二碘甲狀腺胺酸,T3) and thyroxine (四碘甲狀腺胺酸, T4) levels were lower than those of the control group. It appears the changes of serum E2 and P are related to adrenal and thyroid functions and they in turn affect the ovary indirectly.本文章利用40只大白鼠探討有關在力竭性游泳後血清激素的變化。研究員把大白鼠分成實驗組和對照組，經測試後分析其結果及作出討論。

Short-term Effect of Monosodium glutamate on serum hormonal level and histological changes of uterus during estrus phase in rat

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahfoudh Almuslai Mohammed Abdulghani
Keyword(s):  
Monosodium Glutamate ◽  
Young Female ◽  
Female Rats ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Treated Animal ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Serum Progesterone ◽  
Animal Group ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
Institutional Services

Abstract Background Monosodium glutamate (MSG) is commonly used in the Middle East and worldwide as a flavour enhancer in food. MSG is called Chinese salt and is commonly used by the food processing industry, restaurants, and institutional services. The current study was conducted to investigate the effects of monosodium glutamate on the uterine tissue of adult female Sprague Dawley rats with a regular estrus cycle. Results The mean relative values of progesterone and estrogen to the control in the MSG-treated animal group significantly affect (P < 0.05) compared with the control group. The means of the relative lumen area (um2) showed smaller than the control group. Conclusions MSG may cause disturbance in serum progesterone and estrogen levels in young female rats. So, a precautionary utilised for this compound, especially for females under risk factor of hormonal abnormality, is recommended. Further study should be conducted to evaluate the effect of MSG on corpus lutea function.

scholarly journals Skeletal Muscle Metabolomic Responses to Endurance and Resistance Training in Rats under Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 1645
Author(s):  
Xiangyu Liu ◽  
Xiong Xue ◽  
Junsheng Tian ◽  
Xuemei Qin ◽  
Shi Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Resistance Exercise ◽  
Endurance Exercise ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Treadmill Running ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mild Stress ◽  
Chronic Unpredictable Mild Stress ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Exercise Interventions ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats

The objectives of this study were to compare the antidepressant effects between endurance and resistance exercise for optimizing interventions and examine the metabolomic changes in different types of skeletal muscles in response to the exercise, using a rat model of chronic unpredictable mild stress (CUMS)-induced depression. There were 32 male Sprague-Dawley rats randomly divided into a control group (C) and 3 experimental groups: CUMS control (D), endurance exercise (E), and resistance exercise (R). Group E underwent 30 min treadmill running, and group R performed 8 rounds of ladder climbing, 5 sessions per week for 4 weeks. Body weight, sucrose preference, and open field tests were performed pre and post the intervention period for changes in depressant symptoms, and the gastrocnemius and soleus muscles were sampled after the intervention for metabolomic analysis using the 1H-NMR technique. The results showed that both types of exercise effectively improved the depression-like symptoms, and the endurance exercise appeared to have a better effect. The levels of 10 metabolites from the gastrocnemius and 13 metabolites from the soleus of group D were found to be significantly different from that of group C, and both types of exercise had a callback effect on these metabolites, indicating that a number of metabolic pathways were involved in the depression and responded to the exercise interventions.

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