scholarly journals The effectiveness of Chair Massage on Stress and Pain in Oncology

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 27-38
Author(s):  
Talita Pavarini Borges de Souza, PhD ◽  
Leonice Fumiko Sato Kurebayashi, PhD ◽  
Juliana Nery de Souza-Talarico, PhD ◽  
Ruth Natalia Teresa Turrini, PhD
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Stress ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Oncology Nursing ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Nursing Team ◽  
Group Time

Background: There is a high prevalence of moderate-to-high levels of chronic stress among nurses, as well as an occurrence of musculoskeletal disorders. Purpose: To evaluate the effectiveness of chair massage to reduce chronic stress and musculoskeletal pain in the Oncology Nursing team. Setting: Two teaching cancer hospitals, one public and the other private, in São Paulo city, Brazil. Participants: A total of 60 women from the Oncology Nursing team. Research Design: A randomized controlled trial divided into two groups: chair massage and control without intervention. Intervention: The massage group received two chair massage sessions lasting 15 minutes, twice a week, for three weeks. Main Outcome Measure: Reduction of stress and pain measured by the List of Signs and Symptoms (LSS) and the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI), respectively. Results: The average age was 32 (± 5.3) years. There was a reduction of stress measured by the LSS with a statistical difference in the group-time interaction (p < .001), with a Cohen’s d value of 1.21 between groups. The BPI analysis showed a statistically significant difference in the group-time interaction for general activity (p < .008), mood (p < .03), work (p < .000), and sleep (p = .03), with reduced pain interference in these components. Conclusion: Chair massage reduced stress and pain interference in the team’s daily life activities, bringing a positive impact in the context of work stress and pain in Oncology nursing professionals.

scholarly journals Mindfulness-based cognitive therapy v. group psychoeducation for people with generalised anxiety disorder: Randomised controlled trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 209 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Yeung Shan Wong ◽  
Benjamin Hon Kei Yip ◽  
Winnie Wing Sze Mak ◽  
Stewart Mercer ◽  
Eliza Yee Lai Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Usual Care ◽  
Cognitive Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Behavioural Therapy ◽  
Generalised Anxiety Disorder ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Group Time ◽  
Randomised Controlled

BackgroundResearch suggests that an 8-week mindfulness-based cognitive therapy (MBCT) course may be effective for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD).AimsTo compare changes in anxiety levels among participants with GAD randomly assigned to MBCT, cognitive–behavioural therapy-based psychoeducation and usual care.MethodIn total, 182 participants with GAD were recruited (trial registration number: CUHK_CCT00267) and assigned to the three groups and followed for 5 months after baseline assessment with the two intervention groups followed for an additional 6 months. Primary outcomes were anxiety and worry levels.ResultsLinear mixed models demonstrated significant group × time interaction (F(4,148) = 5.10, P = 0.001) effects for decreased anxiety for both the intervention groups relative to usual care. Significant group × time interaction effects were observed for worry and depressive symptoms and mental health-related quality of life for the psychoeducation group only.ConclusionsThese results suggest that both of the interventions appear to be superior to usual care for the reduction of anxiety symptoms.

scholarly journals In dogs with osteoarthritis, how effective is treatment with tramadol in providing analgesia?

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Wong ◽  
Fernando Martinez-Taboada
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Pain Severity ◽  
Pain Interference ◽  
Vertical Force ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
End Of Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Interference Score

PICO question In dogs with osteoarthritis how effective is treatment with tramadol in reducing the severity of the clinical signs associated with pain when compared to no treatment?   Clinical bottom line Category of research question Treatment The number and type of study designs reviewed Two papers were critically reviewed. There was one randomised crossover controlled trial and one non-randomised controlled trial Strength of evidence Strong Outcomes reported Budsberg et al. (2018) found no significant differences in the objective gait analyses (vertical ground reaction forces, and peak vertical force) between baseline and end of treatment, between tramadol and placebo. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the proportion of dogs with positive response based on the subjective Canine Brief Pain Inventory questionnaire (CBPI) between tramadol and placebo. The positive control of carprofen yielded significant differences to both placebo and tramadol in all outcomes measured. Malek et al. (2012) found no significant differences in the objective outcomes measured (gait analyses, and total daily activity) between tramadol and placebo. There were significant improvements in the subjective CBPI (total score, pain severity and pain interference score) between the baseline and end of treatment, within the tramadol group. However, there was no significant difference in the percentage change of the total score, pain severity or pain interference score between all treatment groups including tramadol and placebo Conclusion In dogs with osteoarthritis, the use of tramadol alone did not demonstrate any significant analgesic effects   How to apply this evidence in practice The application of evidence into practice should take into account multiple factors, not limited to: individual clinical expertise, patient’s circumstances and owners’ values, country, location or clinic where you work, the individual case in front of you, the availability of therapies and resources. Knowledge Summaries are a resource to help reinforce or inform decision making. They do not override the responsibility or judgement of the practitioner to do what is best for the animal in their care.  

scholarly journals A Community Pharmacy-Based Intervention in the Matrix of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Outcomes (CPBI-T2DM): A Cluster Randomized Controlled Trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 117955142110563
Author(s):  
Hassan Farag Mohamed ◽  
Magdy Mohamed Allam ◽  
Noha Alaa Hamdy ◽  
Ramy Mohamed Ghazy ◽  
Rana Hassan Emara
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Community Pharmacy ◽  
Community Involvement ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Fasting Blood Glucose ◽  
Self Management ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cluster Randomized

Introduction: Egypt has the ninth highest diabetes mellitus (DM) prevalence in the world. There is a growing interest in community involvement in DM management. Aim of the study: The aim of the study was to evaluate the tailored diabetes care model (DCM) implementation in Alexandria governorate by community pharmacy-based intervention (CPBI) from a clinical, humanistic, and economic aspect. Methods: This is a 6-month period cross-over cluster randomized control trial conducted in Alexandria. Ten clusters owing 10 community pharmacies (CPs) recruited 100 health insurance-deprived T2DM patients with >7% HbA1c in 6-months. The study was divided into 2 phases (3 months for each period) with a 1-month washout period in between. After CPs training on DCM, the interventional group received pictorial training for 45 minutes in first visit, and 15 minutes in weekly visits, whereas the control group patients received the usual care (UC). At baseline and end of each phase (3 months), patients had clinical and physical activity assessments, filled all forms of study questionnaire (knowledge, self-management, satisfaction, and adherence) and did all laboratory investigations (Fasting Blood Glucose [FBG]), HbA1c, protein-creatinine clearance (PCR), creatine clearance (GFR), and lipid profile. Results: There was no significant difference in the basal systolic and diastolic blood pressure between patients in the CBPI and UC groups, but the CBPI had significantly decreased the mean SBP and DBP by ( P = .008, .040, respectively). Also, significant waist circumference and BMI reductions (−5.82 cm and −1.86 kg/m2, P = .001) were observed in the CBPI. The CBPI patients achieved a greater reduction in FBG and HbA1C than the UC patients (102 mg/dL and 1.9%, respectively P < .001). Also, significant reductions in total cholesterol, LDL, and triglyceride (−6.4, −15.4, and −6.3 mg/dL respectively, P = .001) were achieved in the CBPI group. No significant differences were found in HDL, GFR, and PCR. Moreover, significant improvements of behavior, score of knowledge, self-management, satisfaction, and adherence were observed in CBPI patients. After multivariate analysis, HbA1C readings were significantly influenced by baseline HbA1C and eating habits. The cost saving for CPBI was −1581 LE per 1% HbA1c reduction. Conclusion: This is the first study in Egypt that illustrated the positive impact of pictorial DCM delivered by CPBI collaborative care on clinical, humanistic, laboratory, and economic outcomes to local T2DM patients.

scholarly journals Relaxation versus exercise for improved quality of life in lymphoma survivors—a randomised controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suchita Hathiramani ◽  
R. Pettengell ◽  
H. Moir ◽  
A. Younis
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Exercise Intervention ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Summary Score ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Relaxation Intervention ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Lymphoma Survivors

Abstract Purpose Lymphoma survivors experience persisting needs as a consequence of disease and treatment, which have an impact on quality of life (QoL). There is evidence supporting the use of relaxation and exercise to improve QoL, but there is no agreement on which is more beneficial. This study aims to compare a relaxation intervention versus an exercise intervention to determine which has a greater impact on QoL post-chemotherapy. Methods Eligible participants (n = 46) were randomised to a relaxation or exercise intervention for 12 weeks. QoL was assessed at baseline, 6 weeks and post-intervention using the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer QoL Questionnaire Core 30 (EORTC QLQ-C30) questionnaire, which is a valid and reliable tool. The summary score and all EORTC domains were assessed. Results There was a significant difference in QoL post-intervention between groups (p = 0.029) while adjusting for baseline QoL, with the exercise group demonstrating a larger improvement. Within-group QoL significantly improved pre- to post-intervention in both the relaxation (p = 0.036) and exercise (p = 0.004) groups. Conclusions A self-management intervention of either exercise or relaxation can help significantly improve QoL in lymphoma survivors following chemotherapy. While exercise is preferred, a relaxation intervention would also have a beneficial impact on QoL. Implications for Cancer Survivors Lymphoma survivors should be routinely screened and those with decreased QoL referred for an exercise programme, or relaxation for survivors who are unable to exercise or choose not to. A home-based programme can have a significant positive impact on QoL and is a feasible and effective method in the current climate. Trial registration number Clinical Trials ID NCT02272751

scholarly journals Efficacy of an integrative approach for bipolar disorder: preliminary results from a randomized controlled trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Èlia Valls ◽  
C. Mar Bonnín ◽  
Imma Torres ◽  
Mercè Brat ◽  
Mireia Prime-Tous ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Randomized Controlled Trial ◽  
Psychosocial Functioning ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Outcome Variable ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Significant Group ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Time Interaction ◽  
Group Time

Abstract Background Bipolar disorder (BD) represents one of the most therapeutically complex psychiatric disorders. The development of a feasible comprehensive psychological approach to complement pharmacotherapy to improve its clinical management is required. The main objective of the present randomized controlled trial (RCT) was to test the efficacy of a novel adjunctive treatment entitled integrative approach in patients with BD, including: psychoeducation, mindfulness training, and functional remediation. Methods This is a parallel two-armed, rater-blind RCT of an integrative approach plus treatment as usual (TAU), v. TAU alone. Participants were recruited at the Hospital Clinic of Barcelona and randomized to one of the two conditions. They were assessed at baseline and after finishing the intervention. The main outcome variable included changes in psychosocial functioning assessed through the Functioning Assessment Short Test (FAST). Results After finishing the treatment, the repeated-measures analyses revealed a significant group × time interaction in favor of the patients who received the integrative approach (n = 28) compared to the TAU group (n = 37) (Pillai's trace = 0.10; F(1,57) = 6.9; p = 0.01), improving the functional outcome. Significant effects were also found in two out of the six domains of the FAST, including the cognitive domain (Pillai's trace = 0.25; F(1,57) = 19.1; p < 0.001) and leisure time (Pillai's trace = 0.11; F(1,57) = 7.15; p = 0.01). Regarding the secondary outcomes, a significant group × time interaction in Hamilton Depression Rating Scale changes was detected (Pillai's trace = 0.08; F(1,62) = 5.6; p = 0.02). Conclusion This preliminary study suggests that the integrative approach represents a promising cost-effective therapy to improve psychosocial functioning and residual depressive symptoms in patients suffering from BD.

Reducing the Social Stigma Associated with Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Controlled Trial of an Intervention Program in a Turkish Community Sample

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 101-120
Author(s):  
Ayça Aktaç Gürbüz ◽  
Orçun YORULMAZ ◽  
Gülşah DURNA
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Community Sample ◽  
Case Vignette ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Impact

Scientific research into the reduction of stigmatization, particularly related to specific problems such as Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD), is scarce. In the present study, we examine the impact of a video-based antistigma intervention program for OCD in a pretest-posttest control group research. After being randomly assigned to either an intervention (n= 101) or control group (n= 96), the participants reported their attitudes on a hypothetical case vignette before and after OCD vs. Multiple Sclerosis (MS) videos, and again six months later as a follow up assessment. The mixed design analyses for the group comparisons indicated that although there was no significant difference in the measures of the control group, the participants watching the anti-stigma OCD video, in which the focus was psychoeducation and interaction strategies, reported significantly lower scores on social distances and negative beliefs for the case vignettes they read, and this difference was maintained six months later. Then, the present results indicate the effectiveness of our anti-stigma intervention program for OCD. Interventions to reduce stigmatization can also be viewed as effective tools for changing the attitudes of people toward OCD, although further research and applications are needed related to specific disorders if a longlasting impact is to be achieved.

The performance of Islamic banking among the commercial banks in Malaysia

2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 59
Author(s):  
Samsuwatd Zuha Mohd Abbas ◽  
Norli Ali ◽  
Aminah Mohd Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Bank Performance ◽  
Islamic Banking ◽  
Islamic Banks ◽  
Return On Assets ◽  
Return On Equity ◽  
Accounting Performance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

This paper examines the accounting performance of the Islamic banking among (??) commercial banks in Malaysia. A total of 18 commercial banks which include 4 Islamic banks are selected as samples covering the period of 2000 - 2006. Accounting performance is measured by the return on assets (ROA) and return on equity (ROE). The objective of the study is (1) to determine whether Islamic banking performance is at par with the conventional banking and (2) to investigate whether the type (Islamic or conventional bank) and age of bank influence the performance. Result of the independence t-test of the study shows that there is no significant difference in the performance of the Islamic and the conventional banking in Malaysia although the mean score for conventional banking is higher. The regression results show that the age of banks has a positive impact on the bank performance where as none of the types of banks influence performance.

Breastfeeding Training through Role-Play and Effects on Mother-infant Attachment Behaviours: A Randomised Controlled Trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farokh Saljughi ◽  
Mitra Savabi-Esfahani ◽  
Shahnaz Kohan ◽  
Soheila Ehsanpour
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Maternal Employment ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Maternal Behaviour ◽  
Infant Attachment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of

Mother-infant attachment is an intimate, lasting and satisfying relationship that leads to better cognitive, emotional and social growth of the infant. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of breastfeeding training by role-play on mother-infant attachment behaviours. This research was a randomised clinical trial (parallel design). Inclusion criteria were: no history of mental disorders; ability to read and write the Persian language to complete the questionnaire; no history of drug and tobacco intake in primigravida women. The sample comprised 100 pregnant women (in 2 groups), selected through simple random sampling at healthcare centres. The researcher reviewed prenatal care registries of selected healthcare centres and extracted the names of pregnant women in their early third trimester. The data were imported into randomisation software. The control group received routine breastfeeding training, while the intervention group received routine training together with training through role-play. The data collection tool was the Maternal Behaviour Inventory Questionnaire. Consequently 75 samples were analysed in SPSS16. Independent t-tests and chi-square tests were used to examine the difference between the two groups. Results showed that the mean score of mother-infant attachment one week after delivery was significantly higher in the intervention group in comparison to that in the control group (p<0.001). No significant difference was observed between the two groups in maternal age, age of marriage, neonatal gender, maternal employment and education, number of parity, and number of abortions (P>0.05). Since breastfeeding training through role-play could affect mother-infant attachment, it is suggested that this type of training should be provided for pregnant women to promote mother-infant attachment and exclusive breastfeeding.

The Effect of Reflexology on Labor Pain and Length Among Primiparous Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Kamjoo
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Active Phase ◽  
Labor Pain ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Singleton Pregnancy ◽  
Group Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Labor Length ◽  
Primiparous Women

Background: Pain control is considered as the key issue in modern midwifery. Along with medical painkillers, reflexology is viewed as a non-medical and noninvasive method. Hence, we aimed to investigate the effect of reflexology on the intensity of pain and length of labor. Materials and Methods: In this clinical trial, participants included 240 Iranian primiparous women with term and singleton pregnancy. Having a 3-4 cm cervical dilatation once they visited the hospital. Through a convenient sampling method, they were selected and then randomly divided into two groups. In the intervention group, reflexology was performed, and the intensity of pain during the active phase of labor along with the length of labor in the active phase was measured by visual analog scale (VAS) and compared with the control group. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, t-test, and Mann-Whitney U-test. Result: Data analysis showed a statistically significant difference between the intensity of pain in the 5-7 and 8-10 cm dilatation in the two groups (P=0.01). Moreover, the labor length in the active phase was found to be significantly shorter in the intervention group (P<0.001). Conclusion: It appears that reflexology can lead to a reduction in the pain and length of labor. Therefore, through instructing this technique, a goal of midwifery, which is reducing labor pain and its length can be achieved. Keywords: Reflexology, Labor Pain, Labor Length, Primiparous Women

Introduction of intraoperative neuromonitoring does not necessarily improve overall long-term outcome in elective aneurysm clipping

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (4) ◽  
pp. 1188-1196 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tobias Greve ◽  
Veit M. Stoecklein ◽  
Franziska Dorn ◽  
Sophia Laskowski ◽  
Niklas Thon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Evoked Potentials ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Neurological Outcome ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Intraoperative Neuromonitoring ◽  
Neurosurgical Procedures ◽  
Long Term Outcome ◽  
Unruptured Intracranial Aneurysms ◽  
Significant Difference

OBJECTIVEIntraoperative neuromonitoring (IOM), particularly of somatosensory-evoked potentials (SSEPs) and motor-evoked potentials (MEPs), evolved as standard of care in a variety of neurosurgical procedures. Case series report a positive impact of IOM for elective microsurgical clipping of unruptured intracranial aneurysms (ECUIA), whereas systematic evaluation of its predictive value is lacking. Therefore, the authors analyzed the neurological outcome of patients undergoing ECUIA before and after IOM introduction to this procedure.METHODSThe dates of inclusion in the study were 2007–2014. In this period, ECUIA procedures before (n = 136, NIOM-group; 2007–2010) and after introduction of IOM (n = 138, IOM-group; 2011–2014) were included. The cutoff value for SSEP/MEP abnormality was chosen as an amplitude reduction ≥ 50%. SSEP/MEP changes were correlated with neurological outcome. IOM-undetectable deficits (bulbar, vision, ataxia) were not included in risk stratification.RESULTSThere was no significant difference in sex distribution, follow-up period, subarachnoid hemorrhage risk factors, aneurysm diameter, complexity, and location. Age was higher in the IOM-group (57 vs 54 years, p = 0.012). In the IOM group, there were 18 new postoperative deficits (13.0%, 5.8% permanent), 9 hemisyndromes, 2 comas, 4 bulbar symptoms, and 3 visual deficits. In the NIOM group there were 18 new deficits (13.2%; 7.3% permanent, including 7 hemisyndromes). The groups did not significantly differ in the number or nature of postoperative deficits, nor in their recovery rate. In the IOM group, SSEPs and MEPs were available in 99% of cases. Significant changes were noted in 18 cases, 4 of which exhibited postoperative hemisyndrome, and 1 suffered from prolonged comatose state (5 true-positive cases). Twelve patients showed no new detectable deficits (false positives), however 2 of these cases showed asymptomatic infarction. Five patients with new hemisyndrome and 1 comatose patient did not show significant SSEP/MEP alterations (false negatives). Overall sensitivity of SSEP/MEP monitoring was 45.5%, specificity 89.8%, positive predictive value 27.8%, and negative predictive value 95.0%.CONCLUSIONSThe assumed positive impact of introducing SSEP/MEP monitoring on overall neurological outcome in ECUIA did not reach significance. This study suggests that from a medicolegal point of view, IOM is not stringently required in all neurovascular procedures. However, future studies should carefully address high-risk patients with complex procedures who might benefit more clearly from IOM than others.

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