Security of tenure in international development discourse

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 315-333 ◽  
Author(s):  
Franklin Obeng-Odoom ◽  
Frank Stilwell
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Development Discourse

Digital Development and International Aid

2016 ◽  
pp. 276-303 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolene Fisher
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Digital Games ◽  
Historical Overview ◽  
Current Development ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Future Directions ◽  
Narrative Structures ◽  
Individual Attitude ◽  
Digital Development ◽  
And Behavior

This chapter constructs a historical overview of digital games used for international development. While the decade long use of digital games in this field has seen mixed results, a trend towards gamification has continued. The various approaches to international development taken in these games are analyzed alongside the gaming goals, platforms, and narrative structures. Broadly, this chapter argues that the field of digital development games breaks down into three categories: Developing Developers, Digital Interventions, and Critical Play. Because these games are tied to larger frameworks of development thought, they are an important part of the development discourse and should be critically analyzed, regardless of their success at the level of individual attitude and behavior change. Such an analysis presents a useful way to think about what's happening in the current development field and how the trend towards gamification may impact its future directions.

Psychoanalysis and International Development

2020 ◽  
pp. 3-31
Author(s):  
Ilan Kapoor
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Ideology Critique ◽  
The Unconscious ◽  
Slavoj Zizek ◽  
Slavoj Žižek ◽  
Key Points ◽  
Blind Spots

This chapter examines the contributions of psychoanalysis to international development, illustrating ways in which thinking and practice in this field are psychoanalytically structured. Drawing mainly on the work of Jacques Lacan and Slavoj Žižek, it emphasizes three key points. First, psychoanalysis can help uncover the unconscious of development — its gaps, dislocations, blind spots — thereby elucidating the latter's contradictory and seemingly “irrational” practices. Second, the important psychoanalytic notion of jouissance (enjoyment) can help explain why development discourse endures, that is, why it has such sustained appeal, and why we continue to invest in it despite its many problems. Third, psychoanalysis can serve as an important tool for ideology critique, helping to expose the socioeconomic contradictions and antagonisms that development persistently disavows. The chapter then reflects on the limits of psychoanalysis — the extent to which it is gendered and, given its Western origins, universalizable.

DISJUNCTURES IN THEORY AND PRACTICE: MAKING SENSE OF CHANGE IN AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT AT THE OFFICE DU NIGER, 1920–60

2000 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
MONICA M. VAN BEUSEKOM
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Scientific Disciplines ◽  
The Social ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
Office Du Niger ◽  
Social Scientific

In the introduction to their edited volume International Development and the Social Sciences: Essays on the History and Politics of Knowledge, Frederick Cooper and Randall Packard take on the thorny question of why development policies change and why they sometimes persist or reappear after a period of dormancy. Much recent scholarship has located the reasons for persistence or change in development approaches within international institutions such as multilateral and bilateral aid agencies and Western scientific and social scientific disciplines. Both Arturo Escobar and James Ferguson argue for the existence of a hegemonic development discourse with standardized interventions aimed at ‘solving’ homogenized ‘problems’. Grounded in Western institutions such as the World Bank, this development discourse is maintained by an interlocked network of experts and expertise. In their analyses, development approaches and interventions are minimally affected by the particularities of locale. Other scholars concerned with identifying and understanding significant change in development policy have also focused their studies on Western organizations and disciplines and excluded from their analysis the role that development practice might play in change. But Cooper and Packard challenge scholars to consider the ways in which development policies might be molded by the practice of development, when they note ‘it is not clear that the determinants of these policies are as independent of what goes on at the grassroots as they appear to their authors or their critics to be’.

scholarly journals Towards a green modernization development discourse: the new green revolution in Africa

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikael Bergius ◽  
Jill Tove Buseth
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Green Revolution ◽  
Global South ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Business Climate ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Bottom Line ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Main Component ◽  
And Shifts

<p>Since the Rio+20 conference, 'greening' economies and growth has been key in international politics. Leading policy actors and businesses frame the emerging green economy as an opportunity to realize a triple-bottom line – people, planet and profit – and support sustainable development. In practice, two key trends stand out: in the global North, the main component of the green shift seems to imply technological and market-based solutions in the renewable energy sector. While this is also important in the global South, here green economy implementation is often interpreted as environmental protection along with modernization of, and shifts in access to and control over, natural resources ('green sectors'). In the case of the latter, combined with persisting high rates of poverty, we claim that the post-Rio+20 context has revitalized a 'green' version of <em>modernization </em>to become the leading discourse and approach within international development; namely <em>green modernization. </em>A wide range of development initiatives across the global South – with significant support from international businesses amidst a general private turn of aid – are framed in this light. We use the new, Green Revolution in Africa to illustrate how modernization discourses are reasserted under the green economy. What is new at the current conjuncture is the way in which powerful actors adopt and promote green narratives around long-standing modernization ideas. They recast the modernization trope as 'green.' In particular, we focus our discussion on three linked components; technology and 'productivism', the role of capital and 'underutilized' resources, and, lastly, mobility of land and people.</p><p><strong>Keywords:</strong> green economy; green modernization; the new Green Revolution in Africa; agri-business; climate smart agriculture; development discourse</p>

Savagery, Civilization, and Property: Theories of Societal Evolution and Commons Theory

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 507-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
David B. Schorr
Keyword(s):  
Early Modern ◽  
International Development ◽  
Human Ecology ◽  
Private Property ◽  
Adam Smith ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Community Based ◽  
Cultural Attitudes ◽  
The Enlightenment ◽  
The Commons

Abstract This article argues that modern commons theory has been substantially shaped by early modern ways of thinking about the evolution of civilizations. In particular, it has hewed closely to models that gelled in the Enlightenment-era works known as “stadial theory,” by authors such as Lord Kames and Adam Smith, and passed down to the twentieth century, to theorists including Garrett Hardin, Harold Demsetz, and Elinor Ostrom. It argues that stadial thinking reached modern commons theorists largely through the disciplines of anthropology and human ecology, paying particular attention to the debate among anthropologists over aboriginal property rights, colonial and international development discourse, and neo-Malthusian conservationism. The effects of stadial theories’ influence include a belief among many that private property represents a more advanced stage of civilization than does the commons; and among others a Romantic yearning to return to an Eden of primitive and community-based commons. Thus do deep cultural attitudes, rooted in the speculative thinking of an earlier age, color today’s theories — positive and normative — of the commons.

Instrumental Philanthropy: Trade and the Allocation of Foreign Aid

2010 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 733-761 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik Lundsgaarde ◽  
Christian Breunig ◽  
Aseem Prakash
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Aid ◽  
International Development ◽  
Policy Implication ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Bilateral Aid ◽  
Limited Ability ◽  
Poor Countries ◽  
Base De Données ◽  
Allocation Patterns ◽  
Mise En Pratique

Abstract.“Trade, not aid” has long been a catchphrase in international development discourse. This paper evaluates whether the “trade, not aid” logic has driven bilateral aid allocations in practice. Using a dataset that covers development assistance from 22 donor countries to 187 aid recipients from 1980 to 2002, we find that donor countries have dispersed bilateral aid in ways that reinforce their extant bilateral commercial ties with recipient countries. Instead of “trade, not aid,” bilateral aid disbursement has followed the logic of “aid following trade.” The policy implication is that bilateral aid allocation patterns have reinforced the disadvantages of poor countries that have a limited ability to participate in international trade due to a variety of factors such as geography and a lack of tradable resources.Résumé.«Le commerce et non l'aide» est un slogan qui continue d'occuper une place importante dans le débat sur le développement international. L'article qui suit vise à évaluer la mise en pratique de ce principe dans les allocations de l'aide bilatérale. S'appuyant sur une base de données recouvrant l'aide distribuée par 22 pays donateurs à 187 pays récipiendaires entre 1980 et 2002, notre analyse révèle que l'aide a été allouée en fonction des liens commerciaux bilatéraux existants et les a renforcés. C'est donc le principe de «l'aide après le commerce» qui a prévalu. Les allocations d'aide bilatérale ont ainsi aggravé les désavantages des pays pauvres dont la capacité à bénéficier du commerce international est limitée en raison de divers facteurs, dont la situation géographique et le manque de ressources marchandes.

Barbarian hordes: the overpopulation scapegoat in international development discourse

2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (7) ◽  
pp. 1195-1215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fletcher ◽  
Jan Breitling ◽  
Valerie Puleo
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Development Discourse

Migration und Remittances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Maria Beischroth-Eberl
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Remittance Flows ◽  
Do So

Remittances have become a very important keyword within the international development discourse. The core purpose of the paper presented is to highlight the enormous potential of remittance-flows to finance and set in motion development processes. Thus, this paper discusses the main facts concerning remittances, demonstrating their positive impact on sustainable economic and social development and poverty reduction on both micro- and macroeconomic levels. To do so, theory is accompanied by several country case studies and interviews with people concerned, representing different types of remittance – characters. Problems arising in this process such as commitments, dependency or relying on remittances are always kept in mind and also dealt with.

Law and Development in Nigeria: A Need for Activism

2011 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamman Lawan
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
International Development ◽  
Development Process ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Law And Development ◽  
Economic Rights ◽  
Human Rights Regime ◽  
Development Policies ◽  
International Human

AbstractThis article explores the use of law in development at two levels in Nigeria. Development as a state duty has been provided for under the constitution, thereby creating socio-economic rights for citizens, albeit rights which are unenforceable. Seven development policies drawn up at different times have all also invoked law in one way or another to facilitate the achievement of their respective objectives. Both cases reflect the international trend in their respective discourses. The first approach mirrors the international human rights regime, while the second mimics international development discourse. While the instrumental use of law is desirable, this article argues that it is inadequate. More needs to be done to supplement it. First, courts need to adopt a radical interpretation of the constitutional provisions to make socio-economic rights enforceable. Secondly, people need to be active citizens through participation in the development process.

Disrupting Development, Reclaiming Solidarity: The Anti-Politics of Humanitarianism

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (4) ◽  
pp. 16-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Linda Tabar
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Gaza Strip ◽  
Settler Colonialism ◽  
Humanitarian Assistance ◽  
Development Aid ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
Palestinian Territories ◽  
Post Conflict ◽  
Second Intifada ◽  
International Development Aid

Originally developed for the Center for Development Studies at Birzeit University in 2011, this paper examines the humanitarian assistance that flooded the occupied Palestinian territories after the beginning of the second intifada (2000–2005). It provides a critical analysis of the international development aid that was directed at Palestinians in the West Bank and Gaza Strip, where the Oslo process was territorialized, to the exclusion of the vast majority of the Palestinian people. Today, Palestinians are challenging the dominant development discourse and neoliberal economic model set in place by the Oslo Accords, wherein development recast Israeli settler colonialism as an externality, which the putative Palestinian state-building project would transcend. Returning to Yusif Sayigh's view that development cannot occur under settler colonialism, Palestinians are articulating alternatives to the Oslo post-conflict paradigm that emphasize self-reliance and resistance. The discussion that follows situates itself as a contribution to this process by interrogating the anti-political bias of humanitarianism and charting how indigenous Palestinians are building alternatives to food aid.

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