Migration und Remittances

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Maria Beischroth-Eberl
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Development Discourse ◽  
The Core ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Remittance Flows ◽  
Do So

Remittances have become a very important keyword within the international development discourse. The core purpose of the paper presented is to highlight the enormous potential of remittance-flows to finance and set in motion development processes. Thus, this paper discusses the main facts concerning remittances, demonstrating their positive impact on sustainable economic and social development and poverty reduction on both micro- and macroeconomic levels. To do so, theory is accompanied by several country case studies and interviews with people concerned, representing different types of remittance – characters. Problems arising in this process such as commitments, dependency or relying on remittances are always kept in mind and also dealt with.

Scoping Social Entrepreneurship in India: Organisation, Technology, and Collaboration

GIS Business ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Sunita Kumari ◽  
Bino Paul G.D.
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lock In

We explore emerging contexts of social entrepreneurship in India. Social entrepreneurship is emerging as an important option in poverty reduction and social change wherein organizing societal responses to scenarios like entrenched deprivation, cumulative disadvantages, long extant institutional lock-in, and vulnerabilities enmeshed in social stratification, hiatus emanating from segmentation of labour market and inadequate coverage of social protection form the core of strategies/collectives/organisation. In this paper, first, drawing cues from the literature, we outline basic typology of social entrepreneurship while delineating pivotal role technology and collaboration play in social entrepreneurship. Second, we provide a glimpse of not profit organisations in India, based on the secondary data. We juxtapose select patterns from the data on non profit organisations with human development. Third, we discuss select cases of social entrepreneurship that diverge in characteristics and contexts, in particular how these initiatives work towards poverty reduction and social development.

scholarly journals Micro Finance And Poverty Reduction: Case Study Of The Economic And Monetary Community Of Central Africa Countries

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herve Pascal Ndongo
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Central Africa ◽  
The World Bank ◽  
Rigorous Research ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Reduction Case

Microfinance is regarded by many international development agencies including the World Bank as an effective mechanism for poverty reduction. However, as pointed out by Zeller and Meyer (2002), the use of microfinance for poverty alleviation is not backed up with sound facts derived from rigorous research. Using survey data of around 2000 observations collected in the six countries of the Economic and Monetary Community of Central Africa, this study provides evidence of positive impact of microfinance on production activities of micro business and on living conditions of low income families.

CCTs for Female Heads of Households and Market Citizenship at State-Level in Mexico

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 495-507
Author(s):  
Anahely Medrano
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
State Level ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Cash Transfers ◽  
Conditional Cash Transfers ◽  
Welfare Recipients ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Reduction Strategies ◽  
Do So

Conditional cash transfers (CCTs) have become key anti-poverty reduction strategies in Latin America. There are different types of CCTs implemented at the national and subnational level in this region. This paper analyses the design of CCT programmes directed to assist female heads of households at the state level in Mexico. To do so, the study applies an analytical framework to make a comparative study of the key features of the design, looking specifically at the way the target population is constructed as welfare recipients and citizens. The results of this qualitative study suggest that, irrespective of the purposes of these social programmes, the design reflects certain values and normative beliefs related to the notion of market citizenship, which also seem to intersect with certain ideas about motherhood and the poor in Mexico.

scholarly journals DEVELOPMENT OF AGRICULTURE SECTOR IN POVERTY REDUCTION IN EAST JAVA (Study of GKS Plus-GERBANGKERTASUSILA Plus Period 2010-2017)

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wandi Abbas ◽  
Abid Muhtarom
Keyword(s):  
Carrying Capacity ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Agriculture Sector ◽  
The Core ◽  
Support Area ◽  
The Government

Gerbangkertasusila Plus (GKS Plus). The Government sees the need for a new support area of GKS PLUS to increase the carrying capacity of the core city. The purpose of this research is to realize the idea of Spatial Information System in East Java. The method used in this research is the regression model that will be estimated. The data used in this research is panel data of 2010-2017 period based on GKS Plus area of Surabaya City to regency / city of Gresik, Bangkalan, Mojokerto, Sidoarjo, Lamongan, Bojonegoro, Tuban, Jombang and Pasuruan. The results showed that the area of land, labor and irrigation have a positive impact on poverty. It shows that the agricultural sector provides very small value added, thus affecting the increase of poverty in Gerbangkertasusila Plus (GKS Plus).

Scoping Social Entrepreneurship in India: Organisation, Technology, and Collaboration

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunita Kumari ◽  
Bino Paul G.D.
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Human Development ◽  
Social Entrepreneurship ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
The Core ◽  
Lock In

We explore emerging contexts of social entrepreneurship in India. Social entrepreneurship is emerging as an important option in poverty reduction and social change wherein organizing societal responses to scenarios like entrenched deprivation, cumulative disadvantages, long extant institutional lock-in, and vulnerabilities enmeshed in social stratification, hiatus emanating from segmentation of labour market and inadequate coverage of social protection form the core of strategies/collectives/organisation. In this paper, first, drawing cues from the literature, we outline basic typology of social entrepreneurship while delineating pivotal role technology and collaboration play in social entrepreneurship. Second, we provide a glimpse of not profit organisations in India, based on the secondary data. We juxtapose select patterns from the data on non profit organisations with human development. Third, we discuss select cases of social entrepreneurship that diverge in characteristics and contexts, in particular how these initiatives work towards poverty reduction and social development.

Compressed Development

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Hugh Whittaker ◽  
Timothy Sturgeon ◽  
Toshie Okita ◽  
Tianbiao Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Social Development ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
National Development ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Middle Income ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Development Processes ◽  
Multiple Levels ◽  
New Perspective ◽  
The One

This book highlights the importance of time and timing in economic and social development. ‘Compressed development’ consists of two key features and their interaction: the tendency for development processes to unfold more rapidly (compression) and the institution-shaping influences of major periods of change and growth, especially when countries become integrated into the global economy (era). Using an interdisciplinary conceptual framework of state–market and organization–technology co-evolution, the authors contrast the experiences of ‘early’ and ‘late’ developers such as the United Kingdom and Japan, with countries–most notably China–which have become more deeply integrated with the global economy since the 1990s. Compressed developers experience ‘thin industrialization’, layered types of employment, and ‘double burdens’ or challenges in social development. National development strategies must accommodate global value chains and powerful international actors on the one hand, and decentralization on the other. To cope, and thrive, states must remain developmental, whilst being increasingly engaged and adaptive in multiple levels of governance. Compressed Development explores the historical and contemporary features of economic and social development at the intersection of development studies and studies of globalization. By bringing a new perspective on the ‘middle-income trap’, as well as the emerging digital economy, and the state–market and geopolitical tensions that are currently upending conventional wisdoms, the book offers timely insights that will be useful, not only for students of development, but for policymakers, business, and labour organization seeking to navigate the rushing currents of contemporary capitalism.

scholarly journals Populism, Twitter, and COVID-19: Narrative, Fantasies, and Desires

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 294
Author(s):  
Laura Cervi ◽  
Fernando García ◽  
Carles Marín Lladó
Keyword(s):  
Text Analysis ◽  
Political Discourse ◽  
Social Reality ◽  
Ability To Work ◽  
The Core ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
Working People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Do So

During a global pandemic, the great impact of populist discourse on the construction of social reality is undeniable. This study analyzes the fantasmatic dimension of political discourse from Donald Trump’s and Jair Bolsonaro’s Twitter accounts between 1 March and 31 May. To do so, it applies a Clause-Based Semantic Text Analysis (CBSTA) methodology that categorizes speech in Subject-Verb-Object (SVO) triplets. The study findings show that in spite of the Coronavirus pandemic, the main beatific and horrific subjects remain the core populist signifiers: the people and the elite. While Bolsonaro’s narrative was predominantly beatific, centered on the government, Trump’s was mostly horrific, centered on the elite. Trump signified the pandemic as a subject and an enemy to be defeated, whereas Bolsonaro portrayed it as a circumstance. Finally, both leaders defined the people as working people, therefore their concerns about the pandemic were focused on the people’s ability to work.

scholarly journals Mandevillian Virtues

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mandi Astola
Keyword(s):  
Recent Literature ◽  
Collective Intelligence ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Virtue Theory ◽  
Collective Good ◽  
Distinctive Features ◽  
The Core ◽  
Cognitive Traits ◽  
Collaborative Activities ◽  
Do So

AbstractStudies in collective intelligence have shown that suboptimal cognitive traits of individuals can lead a group to succeed in a collective cognitive task, in recent literature this is called mandevillian intelligence. Analogically, as Mandeville has suggested, the moral vices of individuals can sometimes also lead to collective good. I suggest that this mandevillian morality can happen in many ways in collaborative activities. Mandevillian morality presents a challenge for normative virtue theories in ethics. The core of the problem is that mandevillian morality implies that individual vice is, in some cases, valuable. However, normative virtue theories generally see vice as disvaluable. A consequence of this is that virtue theories struggle to account for the good that can emerge in a collective. I argue that normative virtue theories can in fact accommodate for mandevillian emergent good. I put forward three distinctive features that allow a virtue theory to do so: a distinction between individual and group virtues, a distinction between motivational and teleological virtues, and an acknowledgement of the normativity of “vicious” roles in groups.

The Economics of the Soy Kit as an Appropriate Household Technology for Food Entrepreneurs

2021 ◽  
Vol 42 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-115
Author(s):  
Chungmann Kim ◽  
Peter Goldsmith
Keyword(s):  
International Development ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Research Question ◽  
Development Project ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Resource Base ◽  
Credit Access ◽  
Feed The Future ◽  
High Level

Background: The ability for women to operate as food entrepreneurs presents opportunities to leverage at-home production technologies that not only support family nutrition but also generate income. To these ends, the Feed the Future Malawi Agriculture Diversification Activity recently launched a development project involving a new technology, the Soy Kit. The Activity, a USAID (United States Agency for International Development) funded effort, sought to improve nutrition utilizing an underutilized local and highly nutritious feedstuff, soybean, through a woman’s entrepreneurship scheme. Objective: The USAID funded effort provides the overarching research question, whether the Soy Kit is a sustainable technology for delivering nutrition and income through a women’s entrepreneurship scheme. If true, then development practitioners will have a valuable tool, and the associated evidence, to address the important crosscutting themes, of nutrition, poverty, entrepreneurship, and women’s empowerment. To answer this research question, the research team first evaluates the underlying production economics of the kit to measure profitability, return on investment, and operational performance. Second, the team qualitatively and quantitatively assesses the kit’s overall appropriateness as a technology for the developing world. Methods: The team follows the schema of Bower and Brown and utilizes descriptive statistics, and financial techniques to conduct an assessment of the economics and technical appropriateness of the Soy Kit technology. Results: The results show a high level of appropriateness across a number of metrics. For example, the payback period from cash flow is under 6 months and the annual return on capital is 163% when entrepreneurs utilize a domestically sourced kit valued at US$80. Conclusion: The technology matches well with the rhythm of household economy, in particular women’s labor availability and resource base. Businesses earn significant returns on capital thus appear to be sustainable without donor subsidy. At the same time, available capital to finance kit entrepreneurs appears to be scarce. More research needs to take place to address the credit access question, in order to make small-scale kit entrepreneur truly self-reliant; the effects on poverty reduction at the household and village level; and nutrition improvement among the consumers.

Regulating for Content on the Internet: Meeting Cultural and Social Objectives for Broadband

2001 ◽  
Vol 101 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerard Goggin ◽  
Catherine Griff
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Final Report ◽  
Media Convergence ◽  
Different Types ◽  
The Future ◽  
Broadcasting Regulation ◽  
Productivity Commission ◽  
Specific Regulation ◽  
Film And Video ◽  
Do So

Much of the present debate about content on the internet revolves around how to control the distribution of different sorts of harmful or undesirable material. Yet there are considerable issues about whether sufficient sorts of desired cultural content will be available, such as ‘national’, ‘Australian’ content. In traditional broadcasting, regulation has been devised to encourage or mandate different types of content, where it is believed that the market will not do so by itself. At present, such regulatory arrangements are under threat in television, as the Productivity Commission Broadcasting Inquiry final report has noted. But what of the future for certain types of content on the internet? Do we need specific regulation and policy to promote the availability of content on the internet? Or is such a project simply irrelevant in the context of gradual but inexorable media convergence? Is regulating for content just as quixotic and fraught with peril as regulating of content from a censorship perspective often appears to be? In this article, we consider the case of Australian content for broadband technologies, especially in relation to film and video, and make some preliminary observations on the promotion and regulation of internet content.

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