scholarly journals RELATING FLEXIBLE PAVEMENT ACCEPTANCE CRITERIA TO PERFORMANCE USING MEPDG SIMULATIONS AND PIECEWISE CUBIC SPLINE INTERPOLATION / LANKSČIŲJŲ DANGŲ ATRANKOS KRITERIJŲ SUSIEJIMAS NAUDOJANT MEPDG MODELIUS IR DALINĘ KUBINĘ SPLAININĘ INTERPOLIACIJĄ

2012 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anshu Manik ◽  
Karim Chatti ◽  
Kasthurirangan Gopalakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Spline Interpolation ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Field Investigations ◽  
The Relationship

The performance of the highway system is inevitably linked to its quality of design and construction. To control the quality of construction, elaborate Quality Assurance (QA) programs have been developed by highway agencies based on statistical sampling and acceptance procedures to ensure that the work is in accordance with the plans and specifications. The QA procedure is intended to ensure that the constructed pavement would perform well during its design life. However, numerous field investigations and research studies over the years have identified a gap in our understanding of the relationship between the QA test results and pavement performance (fatigue cracking, rutting, etc.). This paper is intended to present the framework for developing an understanding of the relationship between QA tests and flexible pavement performance, which is essential for developing Performance Related Specifications (PRS). In the first part of the paper, the Michigan Department of Transportation's (MDOT) QA program and Long-Term Pavement Performance (LTPP) databases were used to empirically investigate any relationship between key QA variables and various pavement performance measures. In the second part of the paper, the Mechanistic-Empirical Pavement Design Guide (MEPDG) software was used together with an accurate and efficient interpolation technique to develop many simulations for the purpose of showing the effect of variability in QA parameters including plant air voids, in-situ density and asphalt content on flexible pavement performance. Santrauka Greitkelių sistemos darbas (funkcionavimas) yra neišvengiamai susijęs su jo projektavimo ir statybų kokybe. Greitkelių agentūros, remdamosi statistinėmis atrankos ir ėmimo procedūromis, parengė kokybės užtikrinimo (KU arba QA) programas, kad būtų kontroliuojama statybų kokybė ir užtikrinamas darbas pagal planus ir specifikacijas. KU (QA) procedūra siekiama užtikrinti, kad pagaminta danga gerai funkcionuotų projekte nurodytą laiką. Tačiau metams einant, atlikus daugybę natūrinių ir mokslinių tyrimų, buvo nustatytas didelis santykio tarp KU (QA) bandymų rezultatų ir dangos darbo (funkcionavimo) (plyšių atsiradimo dėl nuovargio, provėžų ir kt.) vertinimo skirtumas. Šiame darbe skatinama plėtoti supratimą apie ryšius tarp KU (QA) bandymų ir lanksčiųjų dangų funkcionavimo, kuris yra nepaprastai svarbus kuriant su darbu (funkcionavimu) susijusias specifikacijas (PRS). Pirmoje darbo dalyje buvo naudojamos Mičigano transporto departamento (MDOT) KU (QA) programos ir ilgalaikės dangos darbo (funkcionavimo) (LTPP) duomenų bazės, siekiant empiriškai ištirti bet kuriuos santykius tarp pagrindinių KU (QA) kintamųjų ir įvairių dangų darbo matavimų. Antroje darbo dalyje buvo naudojama mechanistinio ir empirinio dangų projektavimo vadovo (MEPDG) programinė įranga kartu su tikslia ir efektyvia interpoliacijos technika, siekiant sukurti modelius, kuriuose perteiktas KU (QA) parametrų kintamumo poveikis lanksčiųjų dangų funkcionavimui, įskaitant augalų oro ertmes, vietinį tankį ir asfalto sandarą.

Performance of Flexible Pavement Rehabilitation Treatments in the Long-Term Pavement Performance SPS-5 Experiment

2003 ◽  
Vol 1823 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-101 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen T. Hall ◽  
Carlos E. Correa ◽  
Amy L. Simpson
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Pavements ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Recycled Asphalt ◽  
Pavement Rehabilitation ◽  
Pretreatment Condition ◽  
Asphalt Overlay

The results of a study conducted to assess the relative performance of different flexible pavement rehabilitation treatments, including the influence of pretreatment condition and other factors, are presented. The data used in the study were drawn from the Long-Term Pavement Performance Studies' Specific Pavement Study (SPS) SPS-5 and General Pavement Study (GPS) GPS-6B experiments. The rehabilitation treatments used in the SPS-5 experiment are 2- and 5-in. overlays with virgin or recycled asphalt concrete mixes with or without preoverlay milling. Overlay thickness and preoverlay roughness levels were the two factors that most influenced the performance of the asphalt overlays of asphalt pavements in the SPS-5 experiment with respect to roughness, rutting, and fatigue cracking. Over the long term, the 5-in. overlays outperformed the 2-in. overlays with respect to roughness, rutting, and fatigue cracking. Overlay mix type (virgin versus recycled) and preoverlay preparation (with or without milling) had slight and inconsistent effects. The average initial postoverlay international roughness index of an asphalt overlay of an asphalt pavement was found to be 0.98 m/km. The data show a slight but statistically significant tendency for asphalt pavements overlaid when they were rougher to have more initial roughness after overlay than asphalt pavements overlaid when they were smoother. The data show that, on average, about 6 mm of rutting develops in the first year or so after placement of an asphalt overlay of an asphalt pavement. This is presumably due to compaction of the mix by traffic and appears to be independent of the overlay thickness, mix type, preoverlay preparation, and preoverlay rutting level.

scholarly journals Flexible Pavement Performance in relation to In Situ Mechanistic and Volumetric Properties Using LTPP Data

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jamal Khattak ◽  
Nagaraju Peddapati
Keyword(s):  
Hot Mix Asphalt ◽  
Compressive Strain ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Ambient Air ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Volumetric Properties ◽  
Actual Performance ◽  
Air Voids

This research study focuses on the actual performance of the flexible pavements and its relationship with the in-situ mechanistic and volumetric properties. The data required for the study were obtained using the Long Term Pavement Performance database. Approximately, 116 flexible pavement sections throughout United States were analyzed and discussed. The results indicated that the temperature has a significant affect on the backcalculated modulus of the hot mix asphalt layer. However, no strong relationship was observed between the hot mix asphalt backcalculated modulus and in situ air voids. It was found that fatigue life was a function of tensile strain at the bottom of hot mix asphalt layer, peak surface deflection, hot mix asphalt air voids and maximum specific gravity, and ambient air temperature. Similar relationships between the rut life, mechanistic and volumetric properties were established for wet-freeze and wet-no-freeze climatic zones. The sensitivity analysis revealed that the rut performance in wet-no-freeze sections is mainly affected by higher base and roadbed compressive stresses and strains. On the other hand, the performances in wet-freeze sections are highly depended on roadbed compressive strain and modulus ratio of subbase to roadbed.

QUALITY OF LIFE PROBLEMS OF GYNECOLOGICAL CANCER PATIENTS

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-374
Author(s):  
Olga Churuksaeva ◽  
Larisa Kolomiets
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Social Aspects ◽  
Cancer Data ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Anticancer Treatment ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
The Relationship

Due to improvements in short- and long-term clinical outcomes a study of quality of life is one of the most promising trends in oncology today. This review analyzes the published literature on problems dealing with quality of life of patients with gynecological cancer. Data on quality of life with respect to the extent of anticancer treatment as well as psychological and social aspects are presented. The relationship between quality of life and survival has been estimated.

Media against communication: media/violence and conditionalities of Muslim silencing in Northern India

2021 ◽  
pp. 016344372199453
Author(s):  
Britta Ohm
Keyword(s):  
Political Communication ◽  
Physical Violence ◽  
Media Violence ◽  
New Delhi ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Media And Communication ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Indian Cities

Understanding the relationship between media and communication as increasingly conflictive under conditions of de-democratization in India, this essay proposes a focus on violence-induced conditionalities of political communication among the affected. I introduce the term ‘media/violence’ as I look at two spaces in North Indian cities that have been turned into ‘Muslim ghettos’ over the past two decades: Jamia Nagar in New Delhi and Juhapura in Ahmedabad (Gujarat). Based on intermittent fieldwork between 2015 and 2020 (partly online), I argue that differences both in the quality of the violence as well as in the interaction between mediated and physical violence executed on the two spaces conditioned long-term options of collective communication (and their absence). The analysis helps us understand how massive political and legal protests could eventually erupt in Jamia Nagar (Shaheen Bagh) in late 2019, while the very reason for protest appears to have eluded residents of Juhapura.

scholarly journals HGG-47. DECREASED GROWTH VELOCITY WITH LONG TERM USE OF BRAFV600e AND MEK INHIBITION IN A PATIENT WITH ANAPLASTIC GANGLIOGLIOMA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii352-iii352
Author(s):  
Hung Tran ◽  
Robert Cooper
Keyword(s):  
Growth Velocity ◽  
Direct Result ◽  
Chromosomal Microarray ◽  
Mek Inhibition ◽  
Follow Up Study ◽  
The Family ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract PURPOSE To describe decreased growth velocity with long term use of BRAFV600e and MEK inhibition in a patient with anaplastic ganglioglioma. RESULTS 4-year-old patient was found to have a 6 x 4.6 x 5 cm mass in the hypothalamus. Pathology consistent with anaplastic ganglioglioma and chromosomal microarray revealed a BRAFV600e mutation. Patient started on dabrafenib and trametinib and tumor decreased 85% after 3 months. She is stable without significant toxicities 39 months on therapy, and is now 8 years old. Patient had been growing at the 25% for weight and 12% for height but is now 65% for weight and 0.5% for height. It is difficult to tease out the relationship between the tumor, the location of the tumor, and the BRAF and MEK inhibitors and their effect on growth. Discussions with the family and endocrinology are ongoing but being <1% for height will lead to decrease in quality of life. CONCLUSIONS Further follow-up study is needed to determine if this is truly a long-term toxicity, or if this may just be a direct result of the location of the tumor. Would supplementation with growth hormone in this patient lead to losing control of a high grade tumor, or would it simply replace a hormone that is not produced?

scholarly journals Karakteristik Marshall Pada Campuran Asphalt Concrete – Wearing Course (AC-WC) Dengan Penambahan Styrofoam

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 51-62
Author(s):  
Ika Sulianti ◽  
Ibrahim Ibrahim ◽  
Agus Subrianto ◽  
Adelia Monita ◽  
Medici Medici
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Food Container ◽  
Optimum Stability ◽  
Marshall Test

Styrofoam waste presents the environment issue because it is difficult to decompose. As an effort to recycle this pollutant, styrofoam can be utilized as an additive in asphalt concrete mixture. The use of additives aims to create a flexible pavement layer having good performance and meet the requirements. The purpose of this study is to find out whether the addition of styrofoam can improve the quality of asphalt mixtures, and look for alternative additives that can increase asphalt pavement performance. In this study, researchers used food container styrofoam as an addition and incorforated into Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course (AC-WC) mixture. The styrofoam content was 6.5%; 6.75%; 7% ; 7.25%; and 7.5% of asphalt weight. The optimum asphalt contentused is 5.5%. The value of the optimum stability was 3126,002 kg, found at 7.25% of styrofoam content. The best results of Marshall test was obtained at 6.5% of styrofoam content  with stability value  1362,045 kg, VIM value 4,96%, VMA 15,025%, VFA 67,800%, flow 3,44 mm, and MQ 416,338 kg / mm.

scholarly journals Influence of moisture infiltration on flexible pavement cracking and optimum timing for surface seals

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 487-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Waqar Haider ◽  
Muhammad Munum Masud ◽  
Karim Chatti
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Monitoring Program ◽  
Fatigue Cracking ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Time Domain Reflectometry ◽  
Water Infiltration ◽  
Base Layer ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Ann Model ◽  
Premature Failure

Moisture increase in pavement subsurface layers has a significant influence on granular material properties that affect the expected pavement performance. In situ moisture variations over time in an unbound base layer depend on water infiltration after precipitation and pavement surface conditions. Consequently, base resilient modulus (MR) is reduced, which leads to premature failure and reduced service life. This paper presents long-term pavement performance (LTPP) data analyses for quantifying the effect of moisture infiltration through surface cracking on flexible pavement performance. Subsurface moisture data obtained through the seasonal monitoring program (SMP) time domain reflectometry (TDR) are an excellent source for quantifying the moisture-related damage in flexible pavement located in different climates. An artificial neural network (ANN) model was developed based on the SMP data for flexible pavement sections. The results show that higher levels of cracking will lead to an increase in moisture levels within the base layer, which leads to a significant decrease in the base MR. For flexible pavement, the maximum reduction in base MR ranged from 18% to 41% and from 153% to 175% for the pavement sections located in dry and wet regions, respectively. Consequently, the performance of pavement sections located in wet climates is adversely affected. The findings imply that an adequate and timely preservation treatment for cracking sealing (e.g., surface seals) can enhance the pavement’s service life, especially in wet climates. The results suggest that cracks should be sealed when the extent of fatigue cracking is within 6% and 11% for the flexible pavement sections located in wet and dry climates, respectively.

scholarly journals Depressive Disorders and Sleeping Disturbances—Surveys Study of 923 Participants on the Pol’and’Rock Festival, Kostrzyn, Poland 2019

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (21) ◽  
pp. 8092
Author(s):  
Justyna Kałduńska ◽  
Karolina Skonieczna-Żydecka ◽  
Karina Ryterska ◽  
Joanna Palma ◽  
Wojciech Żwierełło ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Economic Consequences ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Strong Positive Correlation ◽  
Depressive Behavior ◽  
Athens Insomnia Scale ◽  
Social Competences ◽  
The Relationship

Depressive disorders are common among young people and can decrease social competences and thus the quality of life. There is a relationship between the occurrence of depressive disorders and insomnia. The aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of insomnia and depressive behavior and assess the relationship between these among participants of the Pol’and’Rock Festival, Kostrzyn, Poland 2019. The study used the Athens Insomnia Scale (AIS) and the Beck Inventory II Scale (BDI-II). The study group consisted of 923 people, with the majority of women (n = 500; 54.2%). A total of 297 persons (32.2%) reported varying severity of depressive symptoms. Insomnia was observed in 261 (28.28%) respondents. Sleeping disturbances were observed more frequently in females. Persons with insomnia had a significantly higher BDI-II score. A strong positive correlation (r = 0.65) between the number of points obtained on the Beck and AIS scales was observed. Insomnia and depressive behavior are prevalent in the Polish population. Due to long-term social and economic consequences, special attention should be paid to the prevention, early detection and treatment of both disorders.

Seed Modulus Generation Algorithm for Backcalculation of Flexible Pavement Moduli

2005 ◽  
Vol 1905 (1) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. F. Fwa ◽  
Thakur Swapna Rani
Keyword(s):  
Closed Form ◽  
Flexible Pavements ◽  
Flexible Pavement ◽  
Pavement Performance ◽  
Program Performance ◽  
Generation Algorithm ◽  
User Input ◽  
Pavement Structures ◽  
Performance Project

The seed moduli chosen for backcalculation analysis of multilayer flexible pavements can have significant impacts on the performance of backcalculation software and, sometimes, the final solutions of the backcalculated moduli. Practically all backcalculation programs provide internally generated seed moduli for backcalculation analysis. However, as the internally generated seed moduli do not always produce satisfactory results, the use of user-input seed moduli is generally encouraged. With the aim of providing useful guidance in the choice of seed moduli, a seed modulus generation algorithm, 2L-BACK, for multilayer flexible pavements based on a closed-form modulus backcalculation solution for two-layer flexible pavement structures was developed. The proposed algorithm does not require any subjective judgment by the user. An evaluation analysis of the effectiveness of the proposed procedure is presented by the use of two types of backcalculation software, MICHBACK and EVERCALC, and is based on measured and computed data for flexible pavement segments from the Long-Term Pavement Performance project. A comparison was made of the backcalculation program performance and the computed moduli of solutions obtained from internally generated seed moduli and those obtained from seed moduli generated by the proposed algorithm. It was found that the proposed seed modulus generation algorithm led to enhanced program performance of MICHBACK with respect to convergence characteristics and the accuracies of the backcalculated solutions. In comparison, the corresponding improvements for the case of EVERCALC were less. The proposed seed modulus generation algorithm does not suffer from the location and pavement type transferability constraints of most regression-based seed modulus generation methods. The results of the study suggest that the algorithm can be effectively incorporated into backcalculation software for multilayer flexible pavements.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document