LITHUANIA MINOR AND PRUSSIA ON THE OLD MAPS (1525–1808)

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Ancient Maps

While continuing researches on ancient cartography the publication is aimed at viewing maps of Lithuania Minor and Prussia in the perspective of historical events, with a special emphasis on most important historical events as well as cartography development moments. The method used is analysis of different maps, by different authors, found in cartographical archives. The article presents the authors and designers 37 maps of Lithuania Minor and Prussia and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful for the readers interested in a more detailed studies of specific maps. Summarizing research results the authors conclude that ancient maps where Lithuania Minor is marked are true historical witnesses helping to understand long and complicated formation process of Lithuania Minor and the state of Lithuania; however the analysis alone is insufficient to fully reveal its historic concept.

scholarly journals CARTOGRAPHIC IMAGE OF SAMOGITIA IN THE OLD MAPS OF LITHUANIA, POLAND AND OTHER NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES (1231–1700)

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Image ◽  
Ancient Maps

While continuing researches on ancient cartography (Lukoševičius 2013a, 2013b) the publication is aimed at viewing maps of Samogitia in the perspective of historical events, with a special emphasis on most important historical events as well as cartography development moments. The method used is analysis the most representitive examples of maps, by different authors, found in cartographical archives. The article presents the authors and designers over 45 maps where Samogitia is marked and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful for the readers interested in a more detailed studies of specific maps. Such presentation should help revise and complete the historical image of Samogitia because the old maps were not specific to any one topic. They – the universal, they were reflected in both the natural and social phenomena and the evolution of patterns. It was also available and various historical comments. Often, the old maps are often associated with military needs. Summarizing research results the author conclude that presented ancient maps is important for the history of Lithuania cartography and are true historical witnesses helping to understand long and complicated formation process of Samogitia and the state of Lithuania; however the analysis alone is insufficient to fully reveal its historic concept.

scholarly journals LITHUANIA MINOR AND PRUSSIA ON THE OLD MAPS (1806–2008)

2013 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Ancient Maps

While continuing researches on ancient cartography (Lukoševičius 2013) the publication is aimed at viewing maps of Lithuania Minor and Prussia in the perspective of historical events, with a special emphasis on most important historical events as well as cartography development moments. The method used is analysis of different maps, by different authors, found in cartographical archives. The article presents the authors and designers 48 maps of Lithuania Minor and Prussia and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful for the readers interested in a more detailed studies of specific maps. Summarizing research results the authors conclude that ancient maps where Lithuania Minor is marked are true historical witnesses helping to understand long and complicated formation process of Lithuania Minor and the state of Lithuania; however the analysis alone is insufficient to fully reveal its historic concept.

scholarly journals CARTOGRAPHIC IMAGE OF SAMOGITIA IN THE OLD MAPS OF LITHUANIA, POLAND AND OTHER NEIGHBORING COUNTRIES (1700–1939)

2014 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-97
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Social Phenomena ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Image ◽  
Ancient Maps

While continuing researches on ancient cartography (Lukoševičius 2014) the publication is aimed at viewing maps of Samogitia in the perspective of historical events, with a special emphasis on most important historical events as well as cartography development moments. The method used is analysis the most representitive examples of maps, by different authors, found in cartographical archives. The article presents the authors and designers over 60 maps where Samogitia is marked and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful for the readers interested in a more detailed studies of specific maps. Such presentation should help revise and complete the historical image of Samogitia because the old maps were not specific to any one topic. They– the universal, they were reflected in both the natural and social phenomena and the evolution of patterns. It was also available and various historical comments. Often, the old maps are often associated with military needs. Summarizing research results the author conclude that presented ancient maps is important for the history of Lithuania cartography and are true historical witnesses helping to understand long and complicated formation process of Samogitia and the state of Lithuania; however the analysis alone is insufficient to fully reveal its historic concept.

LITHUANIAN ROADS MARKED ON THE OLD MAPS / LIETUVOS KELIAI SENUOSIUOSE ŽEMĖLAPIUOSE / ДОРОГИ ЛИТВЫ НА СТАРИННЫХ КАРТАХ

2011 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Romualdas Girkus ◽  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
State Development ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Extensive Data ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Development Times ◽  
Complicated Process ◽  
Road Maps ◽  
Ancient Maps

This publication looks at ongoing legacy mapping studies at one of the geographical sites of Lithuanian water and road maps considering the historical portrayal of events in perspective and highlighting the most significant developments at several stages and cartographic development times. This article presents the old maps displaying water and land roads in Lithuania. The paper puts forward the authors and designers of the maps having marked roads and their characteristics, including issue dates, scale, the names of territorial unites and geographical objects etc. The article provides extensive data on the evolution of the development of Lithuanian roads. When summarizing research results of the study, the authors conclude that the roads marked in the ancient maps are excellent historical witnesses helping with a better understanding of a long and complicated process of forming the Lithuanian state. The authors stress the need to restore the old Lithuanian inland road maps so that historically important documents of state development should not be buried in archives but become available not only to historical researchers but also to the general public. Santrauka Tęsiant senosios kartografijos tyrinėjimus, šioje publikacijoje norima pažvelgti į vieno iš geografinių objektų – Lietuvos vandens ir sausumos kelių vaizdavimą žemėlapiuose istorinių įvykių perspektyvoje, išryškinti reikšmingiausius kelių raidos etapus ir kartografijos raidos momentus. Pristatomi senųjų žemėlapių, kuriuose atvaizduoti Lietuvos vandens ir sausumos keliai, kūrėjai ir sudarytojai, pateikiamos žemėlapių charakteristikos: leidimo metai, vaizduojami teritoriniai vienetai ir geografiniai objektai. Pateikiama daug duomenų apie Lietuvos kelių raidą. Apibendrindami tyrimo rezultatus autoriai daro išvadą, kad senoviniai žemėlapiai, kuriuose pažymėti keliai, yra puikūs istorijos liudytojai, padedantys geriau suvokti ilgą ir sudėtingą Lietuvos valstybės formavimosi procesą. Žemėlapių analizė ir kraštotyrininkų atliekamos paieškos vietose atveria galimybes atkurti senųjų Lietuvos vidaus kelių žemėlapį, kad ir šiandien svarbūs istoriniai valstybės civilizacijos dokumentai nedūlėtų archyvuose, o taptų prieinami ne vien istorijos tyrinėtojams, bet ir plačiajai visuomenei. Резюме Исследовано отображение древних дорог Литвы на старинных картах в перспективе их развития с выделением наиболее важных этапов развития дорожных сетей и самой картографии. Приведены старинные карты разных времен с отображением на них древних литовских дорог и представлены их характеристики: составители и годы издания карт, локализация географических объектов, размещение древних дорог и др. Приведены обширные данные об эволюции развития литовских дорог. Подводя итог результатам исследования, авторы приходят к выводу, что старинные карты древних дорог являются прекрасными историческими свидетельствами, способствующими лучшему пониманию сложного и длительного процесса формирования Литовского государства. Авторы подчеркивают необходимость воссоздания карты литовских исторических внутренних дорог с тем, чтобы важные исторические свидетельства цивилизации государства не были похоронены в архивах, a стали доступными для широкой общественности.

scholarly journals LITHUANIAN RAILWAYS MARKED ON OLD MAPS / LIETUVOS GELEŽINKELIAI SENUOSIUOSE ŽEMĖLAPIUOSE LITHUANIAN RAILWAYS MARKED ON OLD MAPS

2012 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-56
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lukoševičius
Keyword(s):  
Small Group ◽  
Transport System ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Access ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
The Past ◽  
Old Maps ◽  
Internal Network ◽  
Excellent Source ◽  
Different Sources

This paper researches the representation of Lithuanian railways as a geographical object on old maps. It highlights the most significant stages of development of wide and narrow gauge railways and that of cartography in the background of historical events. The paper presents maps of Lithuanian railways collected from different sources and discusses map characteristics. It also provides links that are helpful to readers interested in more detailed studies of specific maps. The author summarises the research results by making a conclusion that old maps are an excellent source for historic studies of the development of Lithuanian state transport system and its impact on local and foreign economy. The author expects that the material presented in the paper will acquaint its readers with Lithuanian railway maps and become an object of research for those who are interested in the past of the nation and the state. The author stresses the ultimate necessity to reconstruct the map depicting the old internal network of Lithuanian railways in order to conserve these historic documents that are important to the Lithuanian state. This would allow a wider public access to them versus a small group of researchers of history archives. Santrauka Tęsiant senosios kartografijos tyrinėjimus (Girkus, Lukoševičius 2011) norima pažvelgti į vieno iš geografinių objektų – Lietuvos geležinkelių vaizdavimą žemėlapiuose istorinių įvykių perspektyvoje, išskirti reikšmingiausius plačiųjų ir siaurųjų geležinkelių raidos etapus ir kartografijos plėtotės momentus. Pristatomi iš įvairių šaltinių surinkti Lietuvos geležinkelių žemėlapiai ir jų charakteristikos. Pateikiamos nuorodos norimam žemėlapiui rasti išsamesnėms studijoms. Apibendrinant tyrimo rezultatus daroma išvada, kad senoviniai žemėlapiai yra puikūs istorijos liudytojai, padedantys suvokti turtingą ir įdomų Lietuvos valstybės transporto sistemos formavimosi procesą ir reikšmę vidaus bei tarptautinei ekonomikai. Pateikiama medžiaga – įdomi bei naudinga pažintis su praeitį liudijančiais Lietuvos geležinkelių žemėlapiais ir kartu tyrimo objektas kiekvienam, besidominčiam savo tautos ir valstybės praeitimi.

Rosyjskie piśmiennictwo naukowe z zakresu przekładoznawstwa. Rzecz o monografii bibliograficznej Ewy Konefał pt. Przekładoznawstwo rosyjskie. T. 1: Autoreferaty dysertacji 1937–2015 (Wydawnictwo Uniwersytetu Gdańskiego, Gdańsk 2016)

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (XXII) ◽  
pp. 147-160
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Wojan
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Russian Translation ◽  
Publishing House ◽  
Translation Studies ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Academic Literature

The article focuses on the state of academic literature in the field of Russian translation studies based on Ewa Konefał’s latest bibliographic monograph entitled Russian translation studies. Volume 1: Abstracts of dissertations 1937–2015 (Publishing house of Gdansk University, Gdansk 2016). The first part of the article justifies the need to create bibliographic monographs, and briefly presents Polish bibliographic research in Russian studies, with 169 publications from the years 1883–2016. In the main part of the article, the author discusses Konefał’s work and presents statistical data of documents from the field of Russian translation studies available in libraries in Russia and Post-Soviet countries based on Konefał’s research results. The total number of the excerpted titles of dissertations (PhD and postdoctoral) in the years 1937–2015 is 2202, with 87.5% belonging to the field of philology (1927 positions).

scholarly journals Transnational Lived Citizenship – The Case of the Eritrean Diaspora

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-18
Author(s):  
Tanja R. Müller ◽  
Milena Belloni
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Diaspora Studies ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Everyday Practices ◽  
Key Questions

This special focus section analyses state–diaspora relationships with a focus on the case of Eritrea, a paradigmatic example, as we show in this introduction, to elaborate on the following key questions: What determines loyalty between diaspora and the state? How can we understand the dynamics of co-optation, loyalty, and resistance that characterise many diaspora–state relationships? What is the role of historical events and memory in building alliances as well as divides among different generations and different groups in the diaspora? How do diaspora citizens interpret and enact their citizenship in everyday practices of engagement? By engaging with both citizenship and diaspora studies, this introduction shows the significance of analysing these questions through the lens of “transnational lived citizenship.” This concept enables a look at the intersections between formal aspects of citizenship as well as the emotional and practical aspects related to feelings of belonging, transnational attitudes, and circulation of material cultures.

scholarly journals SOCIAL STRUCTURE OF ANCIENT RUSSIA

2022 ◽  
pp. 25-29
Author(s):  
Алена Владимировна Искрина
Keyword(s):  
Social Structure ◽  
Social Stratification ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
The State ◽  
Historical Period ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Political Events ◽  
The Social

В статье рассматриваются особенности формирования социальной стратификации Древней Руси на раннем этапе развития, этапы появления различных страт в зависимости от социально-политических событий с X по XII вв. Предметом исследования является процесс образования социальных страт в древнерусском государстве. Цель статьи - рассмотреть социальное устройство Древней Руси, определить и описать стратификацию и взаимодействие страт между собой, историю изучения данного вопроса, политические события, влияющие на данные процессы. Основным вопросом исследования явились исторические события, оказавшие влияние на формирование социальных страт с X по XII вв., появление социальных страт в данный исторический период и формы их взаимодействия. Отвечая на данный вопрос, автор приходит к выводу, что разложение патриархально-общинного строя, формирование феодального вассалитета, принципа майората, княжеской дружины и другие внутриполитические события повлияли на формирование социальных страт государства. В связи с данными историческими событиями удается проследить этапы происхождения социальных слоев населения, их состав, социальные функции в обществе и государстве. The paper examines the features of the social stratification of the Ancient system at an early stage of development, the stages of the emergence of various strata depending on political events from the 10th to the 12th centuries. The subject of this research is the process of the formation of social strata in the ancient European state. The purpose of the publication is to consider the social structure of Ancient Rus, to determine and describe the stratification and interaction of strata with each other, to study this issue, political events that affect these processes. The main research issue was the historical events that influenced the formation of social strata from the 10th to the 12th centuries, the emergence of social strata in a given historical period and the forms of their interaction. Answering this question, the author arrives at the conclusion that the disintegration of the patriarchal-communal system, the formation of a feudal vassalage, the principle of primacy, the princely squad and other internal political events influenced the formation of social strata of the state. In connection with these historical events, it is possible to trace the stages of the origin of social strata of the population, their composition, social functions in society and the state.

scholarly journals TREE PLANTS OF SPNA "BASHKIRTSEV'S HOUSE": STATE, VALUABLE IMPORTANCE, POSSIBILITIES OF REINTEGRATION INTO MODERN CULTURAL LIFE

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 120-141
Author(s):  
Viktor Volodin ◽  
Nikolay Kharchenko ◽  
Oleg Tregubov
Keyword(s):  
Protected Areas ◽  
Formation Process ◽  
The State ◽  
Tree Plantations ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Cultural Life ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Natural Monument

The article analyzes the dynamics of the state of tree plantations in protected areas as a part of the historical formation process of the object. The complex of the main factors determining this dynamics has been considered. Based on the data of the study, the most valuable (from various points of view) structural elements of the investigated natural monument, including unique trees, are identified. The feasibility of the reconstruction of the object and possible approaches to it has been considered

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