scholarly journals GIS IN SOIL SURVEY AND SOIL MAPPING

2021 ◽  
Vol 47 (2) ◽  
pp. 80-88
Author(s):  
Perparim Ameti ◽  
Besim Ajvazi
Keyword(s):  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Planning Process ◽  
Data Communication ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Soil Surveys

The main goal of this paper is to present a methodology for land evaluation by supporting decision-makers with reliable information for the land-use planning process. One of the focuses of this paper is given to the survey process and interpretation between soil survey, soil survey interpretation, and physical land evaluation. Such processes are realized using mobile mapping tools with integrated Global Position Systems (GPS) and Geographic Information Systems (GIS). Both have increased the efficiency of data communication technologies by enabling real-time communication between people located in the field and office as well. For the soil classification as a key component of soil surveys is used World Reference Base (WRB) for Soil Resources. This is a common tool to summarize the wealth of information from soil profiles for the purpose of land evaluation. The final results showed a soil classification map. Such results are derived from many activities, since it includes a preliminary land evaluation, field soil survey with auger holes and profiles as well. This methodology is used for the first time in the selected study area.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of a Detailed and Semi-Detailed Soil Mapping for Sustainable Land Management Using Conventional and Currently Applied Methodologies in Greece

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Orestis Kairis ◽  
Vassiliki Dimitriou ◽  
Chrysoula Aratzioglou ◽  
Dionisios Gasparatos ◽  
Nicholas Yassoglou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Sustainable Land Use ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Soil Surveys

Two soil mapping methodologies at different scales applied in the same area were compared in order to investigate the potential of their combined use to achieve an integrated and more accurate soil description for sustainable land use management. The two methodologies represent the main types of soil mapping systems used and still applied in soil surveys in Greece. Diomedes Botanical Garden (DBG) (Athens, Greece) was used as a study area because past cartographic data of soil survey were available. The older soil survey data were obtained via the conventional methodology extensively used over time since the beginnings of soil mapping in Greece (1977). The second mapping methodology constitutes the current soil mapping system in Greece recently used for compilation of the national soil map. The obtained cartographic and soil data resulting from the application of the two methodologies were analyzed and compared using appropriate geospatial techniques. Even though the two mapping methodologies have been performed at different mapping scales, using partially different mapping symbols and different soil classification systems, the description of the soils based on the cartographic symbols of the two methodologies presented an agreement of 63.7% while the soil classification by the two taxonomic systems namely Soil Taxonomy and World Reference Base for Soil Resources had an average coincidence of 69.5%.

The World Reference Base for Soils (WRB) and Soil Taxonomy: an appraisal of their application to the soils of the Northern Rivers of New South Wales

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
David T. Morand
Keyword(s):  
New South ◽  
New South Wales ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Taxonomy ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
South Wales ◽  
The World ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Northern Rivers ◽  
Soil Surveys

Few soil surveys in New South Wales have utilised international soil classifications. Extensive morphological and laboratory data collected during soil surveys in the Northern Rivers region provided a strong basis for correlation with the World Reference Base for Soil Resources (WRB), Soil Taxonomy (ST), and the Australian Soil Classification (ASC). Of the 32 reference soil groups comprising the WRB, 20 were present locally; nine of the 12 ST orders were present. After re-classification of soils, correlation of the ASC with the WRB and ST was undertaken. Soils not requiring extensive laboratory analysis for classification and sharing similar central concepts were the more straightforward to correlate. Several ASC orders have unique central concepts and were therefore difficult to correlate with any one WRB reference soil group or ST order/suborder. Other soils were difficult to correlate due to differences in definitions of similar diagnostic criteria. This is most applicable to soils with strong texture-contrast and those with natric conditions. Such soils are not adequately differentiated to suit the Northern Rivers conditions. Of the two international schemes, the WRB was easier to apply locally due to the relative simplicity of the scheme. Considering certain aspects of Australian soils would improve the applicability of the WRB as a truly international framework for soil classification and correlation. Amendments to both the ASC and WRB are suggested.

scholarly journals Conversion of some soil types, subtypes, and varieties between the Taxonomic Classification System of Soils of the Czech Republic and the World Reference Base for Soil Resources

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (No. 4) ◽  
pp. 172-185
Author(s):  
J. Sládková
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
Classification System ◽  
Agricultural Soils ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Types ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
The Czech Republic ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
World Reference Base

The article illustrates the compatibility of the Czech Republic Taxonomic Soil Classification System validated in the CR with the international World Reference Base for Soil Resources. It utilises the archive data on the soil types, subtypes, and varieties from the General survey of agricultural soils in the Czech Republic and soil profiles from new soil survey on the pilot area of Litoměřice district. It indicates the possibilities of the future refinement of both systems.

scholarly journals ЦИФРОВАЯ ПОЧВЕННАЯ КАРТА ВОДОСБОРА РЕКИ СОКОЛОВКА (ТЕРРИТОРИЯ ВЕРХНЕУССУРИЙСКОГО СТАЦИОНАРА ФНЦ БИОРАЗНООБРАЗИЯ ДВО РАН)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.A. Tereshkina ◽  
N.F. Pshenichnikova ◽  
A.N. Bugaets ◽  
O.M. Golodnaya ◽  
S.M. Krasnopeev
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Soil Resources ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Experimental Station ◽  
Digital Soil Map ◽  
Modern Soil ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Right

В работе приведены предварительные результаты создания цифровой почвенной карты для бассейна р. Правая Соколовка, территории Верхнеуссурийского стационара (ВУС) ФНЦ Биоразнообразия наземной биоты Восточной Азии ДВО РАН 1: 50 000. По природным условиям территория типична для среднегорного пояса, представляет собой характерный низкосреднегорный участок южного СихотэАлиня. Климат района формируется под влиянием восточноазиатского муссона. В качестве топографической основы использована цифровая модель рельефа с пространственным разрешением 30 м (SRTM30), план лесонасаждений Верхнеуссурийского стационара, геологическая карта М 1: 200 000. Основными единицами карты являются почвенные подтипы. Номенклатура почв дана по региональной классификации Г. И. Иванова, выполнена адаптация к современной почвенной классификации Российской Федерации и проведена корреляция с номенклатурой почв Всемирной реферативной базой почвенных ресурсов (WRB). Каждый почвенный ареал включает данные по условиям формирования почв на уровне подтипа. Всего выделено десять подтипов. Показано, что в почвеннорастительном покрове четко выражена вертикальная зональность, представленная двумя почвеннорастительными поясами: горных буротаежных и горноподзолистых почв темнохвойных лесов и поясом горнолесных бурых почв хвойношироколиственных лесов. В поясе темнохвойных лесов в пределах высот 800 1000 м распространены горные ржавоземы грубогумусовые иллювиальногумусированные, составляющие 23,8 от общей площади бассейна. В поясе хвойношироколиственных лесов в основном распространены буроземы (70 от общей площади водосбора). Среди почв пойменных ландшафтов преобладают аллювиальные серогумусовые (дерновые) типичные. На основе информации по генетическим горизонтам создана база данных гидрофизических характеристик почв. По литературным источникам создана база данных физических характеристик почв (гранулометрический состав, глубина, вес, содержание гумуса) по генетическим горизонтам почвенных профилей (45 разрезов). С помощью алгоритмов обработки пространственных данных выполнен анализ численных характеристик морфометрии рельефа (средняя высота, уклон, площадь) почвенных ареалов.The digital soil map (1: 50 000) of the Right Sokolovka River basin the territory of the Upper Ussurian experimental station of the Centre of Biodiversity of the terrestrial biota of East Asia, FEB RAS. The main map units are soil subtypes. The soil nomenclature is given according to the regional classification, the adaptation to the modern soil classification of the Russian Federation was carried out and correlation with the soil nomenclature by the World Reference Base of Soil Resources was made. The calculation and preliminary analysis of the numerical characteristics of the morphometry of the topography of the soil areas has been performed.

Improving the field estimation of saturated hydraulic conductivity in soil survey

Soil Research ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 803 ◽  
Author(s):  
Neil McKenzie ◽  
David Jacquier
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Water Movement ◽  
Saturated Hydraulic Conductivity ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Land Evaluation ◽  
Levels Of Detail ◽  
Eastern Australia ◽  
Field Estimation ◽  
Morphological Variables ◽  
Soil Surveys

Prediction of the movement and storage of water in soil is central to quantitative land evaluation. However, spatial and temporal predictions have not been provided by most Australian soil surveys. The saturated hydraulic conductivity (Ks) is an essential parameter for description of water movement in soil and its estimation has been considered too difficult for logistic and technical reasons. The Ks cannot be measured everywhere and relationships with readily observed morphological variables have to be established. However, conventional morphology by itself is a poor predictor of Ks. We have developed a more functional set of morphological descriptors better suited to the prediction of Ks. The descriptors can be applied at several levels of detail. Measurements of functional morphology and Ks were made on 99 horizons from 36 sites across south-eastern Australia. Useful predictions of Ks were possible using field texture, grade of structure, areal porosity, bulk density, dispersion index, and horizon type. A simple visual estimate of areal porosity was satisfactory, although a more quantitative system of measurement provided only slightly better predictions. Regression trees gave more plausible predictive models than standard multiple regressions because they provided a realistic portrayal of the non-additive and conditional nature of the relationships between morphology and Ks. The results are encouraging and indicate that coarse-level prediction of Ks is possible in routine soil survey. Direct measurement of Ks does not appear to be generally feasible because of the high cost, dynamic nature of Ks, and substantial short-range variation in the field. Prediction is further constrained by the limited returns from more sophisticated morphological predictors. The degree to which this limits practical land evaluation is yet to be demonstrated.

scholarly journals Soil environment grouping system based on spectral, climate, and terrain data: a quantitative branch of soil series

SOIL ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-177
Author(s):  
Andre Carnieletto Dotto ◽  
Jose A. M. Demattê ◽  
Raphael A. Viscarra Rossel ◽  
Rodnei Rizzo
Keyword(s):  
Soil Classification ◽  
Empirical Knowledge ◽  
Soil Series ◽  
Soil Environment ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
Automated Measurements ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Soil Information ◽  
New System

Abstract. Soil classification has traditionally been developed by combining the interpretation of taxonomic rules that are related to soil information with the pedologist's tacit knowledge. Hence, a more quantitative approach is necessary to characterize soils with less subjectivity. The objective of this study was to develop a soil grouping system based on spectral, climate, and terrain variables with the aim of establishing a quantitative way of classifying soils. Spectral data were utilized to obtain information about the soil, and this information was complemented by climate and terrain variables in order to simulate the pedologist knowledge of soil–environment interactions. We used a data set of 2287 soil profiles from five Brazilian regions. The soil classes of World Reference Base (WRB) system were predicted using the three above-mentioned variables, and the results showed that they were able to correctly classify the soils with an overall accuracy of 88 %. To derive the new system, we applied the spectral, climatic, and terrain variables, which – using cluster analysis – defined eight groups; thus, these groups were not generated by the traditional taxonomic method but instead by grouping areas with similar characteristics expressed by the variables indicated. They were denominated as “soil environment groupings” (SEGs). The SEG system facilitated the identification of groups with equivalent characteristics using not only soil but also environmental variables for their distinction. Finally, the conceptual characteristics of the eight SEGs were described. The new system has been designed to incorporate applicable soil data for agricultural management, to require less interference from personal/subjective/empirical knowledge (which is an issue in traditional taxonomic systems), and to provide more reliable automated measurements using sensors.

Amalgamation and Harmonization of Soil Survey Reports into a Multi-purpose Database

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shane Robert Furze ◽  
Paul Arp
Keyword(s):  
New Brunswick ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Vegetation Type ◽  
Soil Classification ◽  
Parent Material ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Horizon ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Soil Parent Material ◽  
Soil Surveys

There is a growing demand for standardized, easily accessible and detailed information pertaining to soil and its variability across the landscape. Typically, this information is only available for select areas in the form of local or regional soil surveys reports which are difficult, and costly, to develop. Additionally, soil surveying protocols have changed with time, resulting in inconsistencies between surveys conducted over different periods. This article describes systematic procedures applied to generate an aspatial, terminologically- and unit-consistent, database for forest soils from county-based soil survey reports for the province of New Brunswick, Canada. The procedures involved (i) amalgamating data from individual soil surveys following a hierarchical framework, (ii) summarizing and grouping soil information by soil associations, (iii) assigning correct soil associates to each association, with each soil associate distinguished by drainage classification, (iv) assigning pedologically-correct horizon sequences, as identified in the original soil surveys, to each soil associate, (v) assigning horizon descriptors and measured soil properties to each horizon, as outlined by the Canadian System of Soil Classification, and (vi) harmonizing units of measurement for individual soil properties. Identification and summarization of all soil associations (and corresponding soil associates) was completed with reference to the principal soil-forming factors, namely soil parent material, topographic surface expressions, soil drainage, and dominant vegetation type(s). This procedure, utilizing 17 soil surveys, resulted in an amalgamated database containing 106 soil associations, 243 soil associates, and 522 soil horizon sequences summarizing the variability of forest soil conditions across New Brunswick.

scholarly journals Effects of land-use changes on soil properties based on reambulated soil profiles

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-81
Author(s):  
Dániel Balla ◽  
Tamás Mester ◽  
László Márta ◽  
Dávid Molnár ◽  
Norbert Barkóczi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Humus Content ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
Diagnostic System ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Soil Profiles ◽  
Reference Base ◽  
The Past ◽  
World Reference Base ◽  
Effects Of Land Use ◽  
Properties Of Soil

AbstractIn our study, by investigating reambulated soil profiles from the Nagy-Sárrét region in Hungary, we attempt to determine the extent of changes which have occurred due to effects which impacted the landscape in terms of the soil chemistry properties of soil profiles exposed during the Kreybig soil survey more than 70 years ago. Based on the results, in the areas used as grassland, we observed a decrease in pH and an increase in the humus content of the topsoil. The increased CaCO3 following the chemical improvement of the soil which was used as cropland is still characteristic of the area. During the past decades, the investigated soils have been affected by significant changes with regard to water management, which have also modified the investigated parameters. We have classified the reambulated soil profiles among the Solonetz, Vertisol, and Gleysol reference groups based on the World Reference Base of Soil Resources (WRB) diagnostic system.

scholarly journals Decision trees for digital soil mapping on subtropical basaltic steeplands

2011 ◽  
Vol 68 (2) ◽  
pp. 167-174 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elvio Giasson ◽  
Eliana Casco Sarmento ◽  
Eliseu Weber ◽  
Carlos Alberto Flores ◽  
Heinrich Hasenack
Keyword(s):  
Decision Tree ◽  
Decision Trees ◽  
Land Use Planning ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Soil Mapping ◽  
Soil Survey ◽  
Digital Soil Mapping ◽  
Tree Algorithms ◽  
Mapping Techniques ◽  
Soil Surveys

When soil surveys are not available for land use planning activities, digital soil mapping techniques can be of assistance. Soil surveyors can process spatial information faster, to assist in the execution of traditional soil survey or predict the occurrence of soil classes across landscapes. Decision tree techniques were evaluated as tools for predicting the ocurrence of soil classes in basaltic steeplands in South Brazil. Several combinations of types of decicion tree algorithms and number of elements on terminal nodes of trees were compared using soil maps with both original and simplified legends. In general, decision tree analysis was useful for predicting occurrence of soil mapping units. Decision trees with fewer elements on terminal nodes yield higher accuracies, and legend simplification (aggregation) reduced the precision of predictions. Algorithm J48 had better performance than BF Tree, RepTree, Random Tree, and Simple Chart.

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