scholarly journals MEDŽIU BŪKLES STEBESENA IR VERTINIMAS KAUNO MIESTO APLINKOJE

2010 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 217-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vida Stravinskienė
Keyword(s):  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Crown Defoliation ◽  
The City

The paper presents the results of monitoring the changes of selected parameters in different tree species carried out on 69 observation plots in the city of Kaunas in 2002 and in 2008. The morphological parameters (crown defoliation, foliage discolouration, fruiting rate and amount of dry branches) of 769 sampled trees were evaluated. The investigation indicated that trees growing closer to streets had greater defoliation compared to trees growing in city wooded areas or parks far from the streets. The largest average crown defoliation was observed for Aesculus hippocastanum L. – 45.3±2.5%, Tilia cordata Mill. – 29.3±3.9% and Acer negundo L. – 28.2±3.1%. The main reason of large crown defoliation and worse health condition of Aesculus hippocastanumwas air pollution and the cankerous impact of Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic. It is established that large tree foliage dechromation is not widespread in the city of Kaunas. The comparison of monitoring data of 2008 and 2002 indicated the trend of improvement in the health condition of all the tree species, except Aesculus hippocastanum L. The differences in the morphological parameters for the sampled trees in different city regions were estimated. Using an ArcGIS program a map was created with 5 zones for crown defoliation in trees for the city of Kaunas: (defoliation ≤15%) a very favourable zone; (defoliation 16–25%) a favourable zone; (defoliation 26–35%) a moderately favourable zone; (defoliation 36–45%) an unfavourable zone; (defoliation >45%) a very unfavourable for tree growth zone. These zones indicated the degree of suitability of the city environment to tree growth. Santrauka Analizuojami 2002 ir 2008 metais Kaune atliktos medžiu miesto gatviu želdiniuose, skveruose, parkuose ir miško parkuose būkles stebesenos ir vertinimo rezultatai. 69‐iuose Kauno aplinkos stebesenos objektuose buvo ivertinta 769 apskaitos medžiu būkle pagal indikacinius morfologinius rodiklius (laju defoliacija, lapijos arba spygliu dechromacija, derejima ir sausu šaku kieki lajoje). Didžiausia vidutine laju defoliacija nustatyta paprastuju kaštonu (Aesculus hippocastanum L.) – 45,3±2,5 %, mažalapiu liepu (Tilia cordata Mill.) – 29,3±3,9 % ir uosialapiu klevu (Acer negundo L.) – 28,2±3,1 %. Ypač dideles paprastuju kaštonu laju defoliacijos pagrindine priežastis – ne oro tarša, o keršosios kaštonines kandeles (Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic) pažeidimai. Apskaitos medžiu dechromacija palyginti nedidele. Palyginus 2008 ir 2002 metu medžiu būkles stebesenos duomenis, akivaizdus medžiu, išskyrus paprastuosius kaštonus (Aesculus hippocastanum L.), būkles pagerejimas. Nustatyti medžiu morfologiniu rodikliu skirtumai miesto mikrorajonuose. Taikant ArcGISprograma atliktas miesto teritorijos zonavimas, pagal vidutine medžiu laju defoliacija išskiriant 5 aplinkos būkles zonas, indikuojančias aplinkos palankuma medžiams augti: medžiams augti labai palanki (laju defoliacija ≤15 %); palanki (16–25 %); vidutiniškai palanki (26–35 %); nepalanki (36–45 %) ir labai nepalanki (defoliacija >45 %). Резюме Представлены результаты мониторинга и оценки состояния деревьев, произрастающих в парках, городских парках и вблизи улиц г. Каунаса. Исследования проведены в 2002 и 2008 гг. на 69 участках мониторинга городской окружающей среды. Определено состояние 769 учетных деревьев по их морфологическим показателям (дефолиации, дехромации крон, уровням плодоношения и количеству сухих ветвей). Основным индикатором состояния деревьев и их среды послужила дефолиация крон. Установлено, что деревья, произрастающие вблизи улиц, находятся в наихудшем состоянии по сравнению с растущими в отдалении от улиц. По средней дефолиации крон в наихудшем состоянии находятся Aesculus hippocastanum L. (дефолиация 45,3±2,5%), Tilia cordata Mill. (29,3±3,9%) и Acer negundo L. (28,2±3,1%). Основной причиной большой дефолиации крон и плохого состояния Aesculus hippocastanum является загрязнение воздуха и повреждение листьев, причиненные Cameraria ohridella Deschka & Dimic. Установлена сравнительно небольшая дехромация учетных деревьев. Определено достоверное улучшение состояния учетных деревьев (за исключением Aesculus hippocastanum) в 2008 г. по сравнению с данными мониторинга 2002 г. Установлены различия морфологических показателей учетных деревьев, произрастающих в различных районах города. С применением программы ArcGIS по данным средней дефолиации крон учетных деревьев выделено 5 зон города: очень благоприятная (дефолиация крон учетных деревьев ≤15%), благоприятная (16–25%), средне благоприятная (26–35%), неблагоприятная (36–45%) и очень неблагоприятная (дефолиация крон >45%).

Leaves of common urban tree species (Aesculus hippocastanum, Acer platanoides, Betula pendula and Tilia cordata) as a measure of particle and particle-bound pollution: a 4-year study

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 1081-1090 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mira Aničić Urošević ◽  
Gordana Jovanović ◽  
Nenad Stević ◽  
Isidora Deljanin ◽  
Miroslav Nikolić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Betula Pendula ◽  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Urban Tree

scholarly journals Percepcije i stavovi o ukrasnim karakteristikama i primjeni submediteranskog listopadnog drveća u zimskom razdoblju

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Boris Dorbić ◽  
Sandra Popović ◽  
Ana Vujošević ◽  
Zvezda Bogevska ◽  
Margarita Davitkovska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aesculus Hippocastanum ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Morus Nigra ◽  
Celtis Australis

Kod projektiranja različitih krajobraznih površina odabir prikladnog drveća vrlo je važan jer ono često određuje izgled i ugodu otvorenom prostoru. Potrebno je uzeti u obzir ukrasne vrijednosti vrste tijekom cijele godine. I u zimskom razdoblju neko listopadno drveće može pokazati svoje dekorativne vrijednosti. U submediteranskom klimatu, kojem pripada i grad Knin može se izdvojiti 10-tak vrsta drveća s jednom ili više ukrasnih karakteristika (habitus, kora, deblo, grane, grančice i plodovi) u zimskom razdoblju. To su sljedeće vrste: Celtis australis L., Ulmus pumila L., Tilia cordata Mill., Morus nigra L., Aesculus hippocastanum L., Acer negundo L. i dr. Slijedom navedenog cilj rada je bilo istraživanje percepcija i stavova o ukrasnim karakteristikama i primjeni listopadnog submediteranskog drveća u zimskom razdoblju. Anketno istraživanje je provedeno tijekom travnja i svibnja 2017. godine na uzorku od 50 ispitanika s područja grada Knina i okolice. Temeljem navedenih istraživanja došlo se do spoznaja da ispitanici sa područja grada Knina i njegove okolice s prosječnom ocjenom dobar vrednuju ukrasne karakteristike i primjenu za osam od devet odabranih vrsta drveća. Najbolje ocjene su dodijelili hibridnoj platani Platanus x hispanica Münchh. Vrsta im se najvjerojatnije dopada zbog njenog neobičnog izgleda (habitus, plod, deblo itd.) i manje primjene u parkovima i krajobraznim površinama. Rezultati ovog istraživanja mogu biti iskorišteni kod projektiranja različitih krajobraznih površina u smislu povećanja ugode i zadovoljstva korisnika.

scholarly journals Synanthropization of dendroflora near main roads in Białystok (NE Poland)

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-24
Author(s):  
Grażyna Łaska
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Abundant Species ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Ne Poland ◽  
The Family ◽  
Ligustrum Vulgare ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
The City

Abstract The aim of the study was to analyze the species composition of the dendroflora near four main roads in the city of Białystok, taking into regard their geographical and historical origin. The wildlife inventory was conducted in the vegetation season of 2011. The inventory revealed presence of a total of 837 trees and bushes representing 36 species and 18 families. The most abundant trees were those from the family Aceraceae (63.8%), while the most abundant bushes were those representing Rosaceae (48.9%). The contribution of native species (65.7%) was found to be about twice as high as that of alien ones (34.3%). The dominant species among the native trees was Acer platanoides L., while the principal bush species was Crataegus monogyna Jacq. The alien tree species were most commonly represented by Acer negundo L., and bushes - by Ligustrum vulgare L. Spontaneously settled trees and bushes were clearly dominant (59.9%) over those originating from plantations (40.1%). Among the native species of local origin, the prevailing species were synanthropic spontaneophytes (52%), including Acer platanoides and Tilia cordata Mill. Anthropophytes were more abundantly represented by diaphytes (22.7%), followed by kenophytes (10.4%). The most abundant species among diaphytes was Ligustrum vulgare, and among kenophytes - Acer negundo.

scholarly journals The impact of urban conditions on different tree species in public green areas in the city of Poznan

2015 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michał Krzyżaniak ◽  
Dariusz Świerk ◽  
Miłosz Walerzak ◽  
Piotr Urbański
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
City Centre ◽  
Anthropogenic Factors ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

Abstract Parks in urbanised areas fulfil an important function as they create a positive climate in cities and contribute to the good health of their inhabitants. The study gives an answer to the question of which of the species under investigation is the most suitable for planting in urbanised areas. The aim of the research conducted from 2013 to 2014 at selected sites in Poznan (Poland) was to determine the state of health of Tilia cordata Mill., Acer platanoides L. and Quercus robur L. trees and to compare their state of health depending on the location of the research sites. The aim of the research was also to determine the environmental variables that may have an influence on the state of health of the tree species under analysis. The research included statistical analyses and models based on discriminant analysis. The research revealed that the state of health of the tree species under investigation growing in the city is determined by anthropogenic factors. The closeness of the city centre, main thoroughfares and estates heated with fossil fuels are the factors that have the most negative influence on the state of health of oak, maple and lime trees. Acer platanoides L. was the species in the best state of health in parks, whereas in forests it was Tilia cordata Mill.

scholarly journals KEANEKARAGAMAN JENIS POHON SEBAGAI SALAH SATU INDIKATOR KESEHATAN HUTAN LINDUNG (Studi Kasus di Kawasan Hutan Lindung yang Dikelola oleh HKm Beringin Jaya)

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmat Safei ◽  
Hari Kaskoyo ◽  
Arief Darmawan ◽  
Fansuri Fikri Haikal
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Stable Condition ◽  
Health Condition ◽  
Forest Area ◽  
Main Function ◽  
Biodiversity Indicators ◽  
Protected Forests

Protection forest becomes a forest area with the main function as protection of life support systems. The health condition of protected forests has a great influence on the environment of the ecosystem. It is important to assess the health of protected forests in view of their main function. Thus to determine the health condition of the forest, one indicator that can be used is tree biodiversity. Biodiversity is the richness of life found on earth. Assessment of biodiversity indicators is very necessary to do because it is sensitive to changes, ecological system indicators, spatial heterogeneity, temporal, and and the order in the food chain. This study aims to determine the diversity of tree species in protected forest areas managed by HKm Beringin Jaya as an indicator of forest health assessment. The study was conducted using the Forest Health Monitoring (FHM) method. The results showed that the final value of forest health status with indicators of biodiversity (tree species diversity) in the protected forest area managed by HKm Beringin Jaya was in the good category of 50% in cluster plots (2, 5 and 6) and bad by 50% on cluster plots (1, 3 and 4), thus showing that the protected forest area managed by HKm Beringin Jaya has a fairly healthy (stable) condition with a moderate category.

scholarly journals OVERSPREADING OF VISCUM ALBUM L. ON HONEY PLANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF VINNYTSIA REGION

2019 ◽  
pp. 195-202
Author(s):  
Serhii Razanov ◽  
Volodymyr Nedashkivskyi
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Viscum Album ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Local Damage ◽  
Acer Campestre ◽  
Tilia Platyphyllos ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia L ◽  
Forest Lands

The intensity of damaging the nectar and pollen trees of forest lands, parks and woods in the conditions of Vinnytsia region has been studied. It has been found that in the zones of the highest local overspreading of Viscum album L. on the nectar and pollen trees, the following sequence of their damage is observed, in particular, in the conditions of forest lands: Tilia cordata L.-Tilia platyphyllos L. -Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.; in the parks: Acer platanoides L.- Acer tataricum L.- Tilia cordata L.- Acer campestre L.- Tilia platyphyllos L. - Robinia pseudoacacia L.; in the woods: Robinia pseudoacacia L. - Tilia platyphyllos L. - Acer tataricum L. It depended both on the composition of the nectar and pollen trees and their number in the area of distribution of the parasite. It was found that the level of damage to the nectar-dust-bearing trees of forest lands, parks and forest strips was respectively within 11.7% - 34.6%, 28.5% - 85.5% and 38.4% - 84.8%. Characterizing the intensity of distribution of white mistletoe within the forest lands, it should be noted that damage to the Tilia cordata L. – 34,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 23,5%, Acer platanoides L. and Acer tataricum L.– 25,0% and 11,7% . In the conditions of park plantations, damage to Viscum album L.: Tilia cordta– 51,6%, Tilia platyphyllos L. – 52,9%, Viscum album L. – 28,5%, Acer platanoides L. – 85,5%, Acer campestre L. – 71,4% and Acer tataricum L.– 63,6%. Analysis of the intensity of Viscum album L. distribution on the nectar-pollen-bearing trees of the forest area under the highways showed that this parasite was damaged: Tilia platyphyllos L. – 38,4%, Viscum album L. – 84%, Acer campestre L. – 42,8%. The intensity of damage to nectar-pollen was found to depend on the dominant tree species in the area of local Viscum album L. In the woodland, a greater proportion of the nectar-bearing trees were Tilia, in the park zones – Acer platanoides L. and in the forest strips -– Viscum album L., at the same time, and a larger percentage were observed of damaged trees in these species. The distribution of Viscum album L. depended not only on the breed of nectar-pollen-bearing trees, but also on the number of trees of a particular variety in the area of their local damage by this parasite.

scholarly journals Entwicklung klimasensitiver Wachstumsfunktionen für das Szenariomodell «Massimo»

2015 ◽  
Vol 166 (6) ◽  
pp. 389-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigitte Rohner ◽  
Esther Thürig
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Tree Growth ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Climate Variables ◽  
Individual Tree ◽  
Climate Effects ◽  
Growth Functions ◽  
Tree Ring Data ◽  
Scenario Model

Development of climate-dependent growth functions for the scenario model “Massimo” Tree growth is substantially influenced by climatic factors. In the face of climate change, climate effects should therefore be included in estimations of Switzerland's future forest productivity. In order to include climate effects in the growth functions of the “Massimo” model, which is typically applied to project forest resources in Switzerland, we statistically modelled climate effects on tree growth representatively for Switzerland by simultaneously considering further growth-influencing factors. First, we used tree ring data to evaluate how climate variables should be defined. This analyses showed that for modelling multi-year tree growth we should use averages of whole-year variables. Second, we fitted nonlinear mixed-effects models separately for the main tree species to individual-tree growth data from the Swiss National Forest Inventory. In these models, we combined climate variables defined according to the results of the tree ring study with various further variables that characterize sites, stands and individual trees. The quantified effects were generally plausible and explained convincingly the physiological differences between the species. The statistical growth models for the main tree species will now be included in the forest scenario model “Massimo”. This will allow for founded analyses of scenarios which assume changing climatic conditions.

scholarly journals Assessment of adaptive capacity of native and adventive species of trees and shrubs in Dnipro region

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 ◽  
pp. 12-21
Author(s):  
I. A. Ivanko ◽  
A. F. Kulik
Keyword(s):  
Invasive Species ◽  
Peroxidase Activity ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Morus Alba ◽  
Acer Platanoides ◽  
Ulmus Pumila ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Ulmus Laevis

Nowadays, deterioration and loss of ecological functions of urban tree and shrub plantations take place in Europe and, in particular, in Ukraine; it was noted that their number is insufficient to counteract the negative impact of global climate change and protect the population against industrial pollution effects. The issue of resistance of native and adventitious tree species used in the plantations of industrial cities remains relevant; it necessitates the assessment of physiological and biochemical aspects of their adaptation to extreme environmental factors, such as moisture limit in the steppe zone, periodic dangerously low winter temperatures and anthropo-technogenic load (in large urban agglomerations). In order to optimize the assortment of tree species of large megalopolises of the steppe zone of Ukraine and determine their potential resistance to anthropogenic pressures the study was conducted in conditionally clean forest biogeocenoses of the Samara River levee zone and in artificial plantations on the territories located in the coastal zone of the Dnipro River within 1500 m from the Prydneprovskaya thermal electric station (PTES, Dnipro city). It well known that the TPP is the source of atmospheric air pollution by such heavy metals as lead and cadmium. A study of the activity of antioxidant protection enzymes in leaves of native and adventive tree species showed that in the zone of Prydneprovskaya TES impact there was an increase of guaiacol peroxidase activity in Acer platanoides, Ulmus minor, Morus alba; benzidine peroxidase in Acer negundo, Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides; catalase in A. platanoides, A. negundo, U. laevis, Ulmus pumila and Robinia pseudoasasia. High peroxidase activity, which is complemented by higher catalase activity, indicates the relative resistance of these species to atropo-technogenic pressures supported by antioxidant defense mechanisms. Total chlorophyll content (Chla + Chlb) in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Acer platanoides and adventive Morus alba decreased in the zone of TPP impact in relation to conditionally clean areas. The ratio of chlorophyll a to chlorophyll b in contaminated areas significantly increased in leaves of native species Ulmus laevis, Ulmus minor, Acer platanoides compared with control. The invasive species Acer negundo, Morus alba, Ulmus pumila had no significant changes in this indicator. In invasive species such as Ulmus pumila, Acer negundo there was an increase in leaf mass, which may indicate adaptation of these species to anthropogenically altered growth conditions.

SHADING AND LIGHT INTERCEPTION IN THICKETS OF INVASIVE ACER NEGUNDO AND SORBARIA SORBIFOLIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
D. V. Veselkin ◽  
D. I. Dubrovin ◽  
O. S. Rafikova ◽  
Y. A. Lipikhina ◽  
N. V. Zolotareva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Species ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Invasive Plant ◽  
Light Interception ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Middle Urals ◽  
Forest Edges ◽  
Acer Negundo ◽  
Invasive Shrub ◽  
Forest Parks

The aim of the work is to establish how greatly the light conditions change under the leaf canopy of two invasive plant species in the Middle Urals - Acer negundo and Sorbaria sorbifolia . In June - August 2020, using a portable light meter, 8370 measurements of illumination were performed in forest parks (at a height of 1.5 and 0.5 m, i.e. above and below the canopy of the leaves of the invasive shrub S. sorbifolia and the native shrub Rubus idaeus ; in random points under the canopies of Pinus sylvestris ; on glades, paths and forest edges) and in urban habitats (at a height of 1.5 m and 0.5 m in dense thickets of the invasive tree A. negundo and other tree species). The average illumination intensity was as following: under S. sorbifolia - 4 ± 1 lux × 10; under R. idaeus - 7 ± 1 lux × 10; in A. negundo thickets - 13 ± 2 lux × 10; in thickets of other tree species - 25 ± 4 lux × 10; under the canopies of urban pine forests - 80 ± 10 lux × 10; in the forest edges - 96 ± 14 lux × 10. In dense thickets, A. negundo intercepts about 94% of the light falling on its canopies, S. sorbifolia - about 93%. This is significantly higher than the light interception level in habitats used as control: other tree species canopies of greatly urbanized habitats intercept about 89%, the thickets of R. idaeus - about 82%. Thus, invasive plants reduce the amount of light available to other plant species in communities significantly more than native plants.

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