scholarly journals Multimedia and Reading Ways: a State of the Art

Comunicar ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 17 (33) ◽  
pp. 213-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javier Díaz-Noci
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Digital Text ◽  
Digital Edition ◽  
Digital Language

Multimedia is one of the less studied characteristics, probably because of the less-developed level of the digital language. Along with hypertext and interactivity, it is one of the characteristics that defines the digital edition. Those characteristics have been always studied from the point of view of production, although not so much from the point of view of reception. How do users read a digital text? The reader’s participation, reading depth, different trailblazing, the relation user-interface and the conception of multimedia text as a module of a database introduce major changes in the reception of the text, which can and must be studied.La multimedialidad es una de las características menos estudiadas, tal vez por menos desarrolladas, del nuevo lenguaje digital. Junto con el hipertexto y la interactividad, constituye una de las características que definen el discurso digital. Estas características siempre se han estudiado desde el punto de vista de la producción, no tanto desde el punto de vista de la recepción. ¿Cómo leen los usuarios un texto digital? La participación del lector, la profundidad de la lectura, los distintos recorridos y propósitos por la superficie y los niveles más profundos del texto, la relación del usuario con la interfaz y la concepción del texto multimedia como módulo en una base de datos introducen cambios sustanciales en la recepción del texto que pueden y deben ser estudiados.

scholarly journals Sustainable Agri-Food Processes and Circular Economy Pathways in a Life Cycle Perspective: State of the Art of Applicative Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 2472
Author(s):  
Teodora Stillitano ◽  
Emanuele Spada ◽  
Nathalie Iofrida ◽  
Giacomo Falcone ◽  
Anna Irene De Luca
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Food Systems ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Life Cycle Assessment ◽  
Qualitative Synthesis

This study aims at providing a systematic and critical review on the state of the art of life cycle applications from the circular economy point of view. In particular, the main objective is to understand how researchers adopt life cycle approaches for the measurement of the empirical circular pathways of agri-food systems along with the overall lifespan. To perform the literature review, the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) protocol was considered to conduct a review by qualitative synthesis. Specifically, an evaluation matrix has been set up to gather and synthesize research evidence, by classifying papers according to several integrated criteria. The literature search was carried out employing scientific databases. The findings highlight that 52 case studies out of 84 (62% of the total) use stand-alone life cycle assessment (LCA) to evaluate the benefits/impacts of circular economy (CE) strategies. In contrast, only eight studies (9.5%) deal with the life cycle costing (LCC) approach combined with other analyses while no paper deals with the social life cycle assessment (S-LCA) methodology. Global warming potential, eutrophication (for marine, freshwater, and terrestrial ecosystems), human toxicity, and ecotoxicity results are the most common LCA indicators applied. Only a few articles deal with the CE assessment through specific indicators. We argue that experts in life cycle methodologies must strive to adopt some key elements to ensure that the results obtained fit perfectly with the measurements of circularity and that these can even be largely based on a common basis.

New Trends in Asymptotic Approaches: Summation and Interpolation Methods

2001 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor V. Andrianov ◽  
Jan Awrejcewicz
Keyword(s):  
Applied Sciences ◽  
Solid Mechanics ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Asymptotic Methods ◽  
Perturbation Series ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Local Character

In this review article, we present in some detail new trends in application of asymptotic techniques to mechanical problems. First we consider the various methods which allows for the possibility of extending the perturbation series application space and hence omiting their local character. While applying the asymptotic methods very often the following situation appears: an existence of the asymptotics ε → 0 implies an existence of the asymptotics ε → ∞ (or, in a more general sense, ε → a and ε → b). Therefore, an idea of constructing a single solution valid for a whole interval of parameter ε changes is very attractive. In other words, we discuss a problem of asymptotically equivalent function constructions possessing for ε → a and ε → b a known asymptotic behavior. The defined problems are very important from the point of view of both theoretical and applied sciences. In this work, we review the state-of-the-art, by presenting the existing methods and by pointing out their advantages and disadvantages, as well as the fields of their applications. In addition, some new methods are also proposed. The methods are demonstrated on a wide variety of static and dynamic solid mechanics problems and some others involving fluid mechanics. This review article contains 340 references.

Some Possible Lines of Development in Aircraft Engines

1921 ◽  
Vol 25 (123) ◽  
pp. 130-165
Keyword(s):  
Present State ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Aircraft Engines ◽  
Aero Engine ◽  
The Ideal

In the following paper the writer's aim is to indicate certain possible lines of development and research which his own investigations and preliminary experiments have shown to be at least worthy of serious consideration.If we review the present state of the art we find the position to be substantially as follows :—From a thermodynamic point of view the performance of the modern aero engine has approached so nearly to the ideal obtainable from the cycle on which it operates that there is little scope for improvement.

scholarly journals evolution of thesauri and the history of knowledge organization

2016 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Javier Garcia Marco
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
Resource Discovery ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Knowledge Mapping ◽  
History Of Knowledge ◽  
Internet Searching ◽  
Search Processes ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Control

Thesauri are considered as an optimum between maximum ontological modelling (best knowledge mapping) and minimal alphabetic ordering (less expensive access). From this point of view a swift history of its evolution is provided. The recent evolutions in Internet searching are also analysed from this perspective. In this context, there is an immediate role for thesauri to ensure interoperability and feed up the new Internet semantic engines; and in the long term as a simple semantic user interface for resource discovery and navigation, which ensures proper transparency and control by the user who wants to take the effort to supervise and analyse its search processes. It is proposed that better devices for ensuring semantic sorting are provided when necessary, and that a distributed hub for thesauri interconnection is provided, perhaps using the existent big open Internet semantic facilities, as Wikipedia

scholarly journals Determination of the composition of multilayer plastic packaging with NIR spectroscopy

Detritus ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
Xiaozheng Chen ◽  
Nils Kroell ◽  
Alexander Feil ◽  
Thomas Pretz
Keyword(s):  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Nir Spectroscopy ◽  
Waste Recycling ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Plastic Packaging ◽  
Post Industrial ◽  
Detection And Separation

In food and medical packaging, multiple layers of different polymers are combined in order to achieve optimal functional properties for various applications. Flexible multilayer plastic packaging achieves a reduction in weight compared to other packaging products with the same function, saving material and in transportation costs. Recycling of post-industrial multilayer packaging was achieved by some companies, but the available technologies are limited to specific polymer types. For post-consumer waste, recycling of multilayer packaging has not been achieved yet. One of the main challenges in plastic sorting is that the detection and separation of multilayer packaging from other materials is not possible yet. In this study, the possibility to detect and sort flexible multilayer plastic packaging was investigated with near-infrared spectroscopy, which is the state-of-the-art technology for plastic sorting. The results show that from a detection and classification point of view, sorting of monolayer, two- and three-layers samples under laboratory conditions is possible. According to the captured data, the sequence of layers has little influence on the spectra. In case of glossy samples, the spectra are influenced by printed surfaces. With an increase in thickness, the spectra get more characteristic, which makes the classification easier. Our results indicate that the sorting of post-consumer multilayer plastic packaging by main composition is theoretically achievable.

Entrepreneurship and fintech development: comparing reward and equity crowdfunding

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro Troise ◽  
Diego Matricano ◽  
Elena Candelo ◽  
Mario Sorrentino
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Methodological Approach ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Comparative Approach ◽  
Current Debate ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Equity Crowdfunding ◽  
Research Propositions ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose Starting from the state-of-the-art of Fintech development, this study aims to propose some research propositions comparing reward-crowdfunding (RCF) and equity-crowdfunding (ECF). In this sense, the present research provides a comprehensive analysis of fintech development and – to conceptualize the comparison between RCF and ECF – it focuses on campaigns’ characteristics, aims and post-campaigns scenarios. Design/methodology/approach All the research propositions related to the comparison between RCF and ECF are rooted in dedicated literature. The methodological approach adopted in the present paper can be referred to theorizing. Findings This study suggests that five key elements characterize the development of fintech: regulation, infrastructure, technologies, finance and innovations. The research provides nine propositions: four related to the campaigns’ characteristics; two related to the use of crowdfunding models by entrepreneurs; and three related to the performance of crowdfunded companies. Practical implications By offering nine research propositions, this study is expected to foster and support the investigation of fintech development from an entrepreneurial and managerial point of view. Originality/value To the best of authors’ knowledge, this study is among the first to explore the fintech development and to propose a comparative approach between RCF and ECF. This research contributes to the current debate on fintech development as well as on the comparison between crowdfunding models.

The Proprium of Property Law

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2-3) ◽  
pp. 241-262
Author(s):  
Jan Felix Hoffmann
Keyword(s):  
Property Rights ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Static Field ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Property Law ◽  
New Developments ◽  
Absolute Property ◽  
Classical Property ◽  
Comparative Property

Abstract Classical property law is not only losing economic relevance with the progressing dephysicalization of economic processes but is also increasingly perceived as a static field of private law, pursued by specialized lawyers working with rather inaccessible national concepts and dogmas that seem to have no significant relevance for the development of a digital economy. The mostly codification-driven comparative research on property law continues in the tradition of national property law codifications primarily addressing tangible objects. The research on property law should not restrict itself to this rather pragmatic approach, because in the end this arbitrarily delimits the concept of property law and reinforces the impression of classical property law only dealing with tangibles. Comparative property law should look beyond issues of codification and address the question of what is the essence of property law. Property law deals with the erga omnes effects of rights. It therefore not only addresses full-fledged property rights over movables or immovables but also covers partially absolute rights over these assets on the threshold to contract law. Property law also addresses absolute rights with regard to intangibles. This awareness should on one hand demand from any discussion on creating new (partially) absolute property rights to take notice of the state of the art of current (comparative) property law. It should on the other hand incite classical property lawyers to take part in these debates and to question the traditional concepts and principles in light of the new developments. Classical institutions of property law should be reconsidered from this point of view.

A Study of the State of the Art in Synthetic Emotional Intelligence in Affective Computing

2020 ◽  
pp. 1199-1212
Author(s):  
Syeda Erfana Zohora ◽  
A. M. Khan ◽  
Arvind K. Srivastava ◽  
Nhu Gia Nguyen ◽  
Nilanjan Dey
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Affective Computing ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Life Time ◽  
The State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
General Idea ◽  
Tremendous Amount

In the last few decades there has been a tremendous amount of research on synthetic emotional intelligence related to affective computing that has significantly advanced from the technological point of view that refers to academic studies, systematic learning and developing knowledge and affective technology to a extensive area of real life time systems coupled with their applications. The objective of this paper is to present a general idea on the area of emotional intelligence in affective computing. The overview of the state of the art in emotional intelligence comprises of basic definitions and terminology, a study of current technological scenario. The paper also proposes research activities with a detailed study of ethical issues, challenges with importance on affective computing. Lastly, we present a broad area of applications such as interactive learning emotional systems, modeling emotional agents with an intention of employing these agents in human computer interactions as well as in education.

A Mock-up for the Development of a Digital Edition for Ancient Greek Fragmentary Poetry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 41-57
Author(s):  
Alberto Eugenio Stefanini ◽  
Anika Nicolosi ◽  
Monica Monachini
Keyword(s):  
User Interface ◽  
University Students ◽  
Cultural Heritage ◽  
User Evaluation ◽  
Ancient Greek ◽  
Greek Poetry ◽  
Digital Edition ◽  
Study Support

Ancient Greek poetry is an essential part of the western cultural heritage; thus, it is important that people have access to its texts and whatever relates to their understanding in a reliable and easy way. Whenever user evaluation is concerned, mock-ups are used by designers to acquire feedback from users. A mock-up is defined as a model of the final product, and may be used for demonstration, evaluation and other purposes. The authors prototyped a mock-up for focusing on the requirements of a scholarly digital edition of Archilochus. This was put under evaluation to assess its usability: it was submitted to extensive use and testing by a sample of prospective users, to better focus on the requirements from a product's perspective. Experimentation involved a group of university students, attending a Greek Philology course at Parma University. More than half of the respondents considered the mock-up a useful study support. The evaluation also pointed out that the mock-up had to be revised, so as to guarantee better cognitive simplicity of the user interface.

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