Comparison of water potential and yield parameters under uniform and variable rate drip irrigation in a cabernet sauvignon vineyard

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. Bahat ◽  
Y. Netzer ◽  
A. Ben-Gal ◽  
J.M. Grünzweig ◽  
A. Peeters ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Yield Parameters

Improving vineyard water use efficiency and yield with variable rate irrigation in California

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 574-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. A. Sanchez ◽  
B. Sams ◽  
M. M. Alsina ◽  
N. Hinds ◽  
L. J. Klein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Variability ◽  
Water Use Efficiency ◽  
Water Use ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Variable Rate ◽  
Spatial Dependency ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Variable Rate Irrigation

A variable rate drip irrigation (VRDI) system was implemented in early 2013 in a 4.05-ha area inside a drip-irrigated Cabernet Sauvignon vineyard measuring 12.5 total ha. The VRDI area was split into 140 15×15-meter irrigation zones which were watered independently during three seasons with weekly schedules based on estimated actual ET. Irrigation was scheduled with the objective of decreasing spatial variability while maintaining high yields. Compared to an adjacent, 4.05-ha, conventionally drip irrigated section of the vineyard (CDI); VRDI increased yield and water use efficiency in all three years and decreased spatial dependency and structure in 2013 and 2015.

Effect of Mulching on Chickpea under Low Head Drip Irrigation System

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. V.R. Rao ◽  
Pushplata Aherwar ◽  
Suchi Gangwar ◽  
Deepika Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Drip Irrigation System ◽  
Plastic Mulch ◽  
Net Returns ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Low Head

The effect of plastic mulch on chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) cultivation under low head drip irrigation systems was studied at ICAR-Central Institute of Agricultural Engineering, PFDC, Bhopal during 2018-19. Drip irrigation system was operated by placing water tank at a total water deliver height of 3 m and varied heads to 2.5 m and 2.0 m to find out the value of coefficient of uniformity under these heads. The experimental treatments consisted in five levels by varying irrigation methods: Flood irrigation, irrigation with drip laid on raised beds, irrigation with drip laid on raised beds covered with black mulch, irrigation with drip laid on raised beds covered with silver mulch and irrigation with drip laid on raised beds covered with white mulch. Growth and yield parameters of chickpea viz., plant height (cm), number of branches per plant, plant dry matter (g/plant), effective nodule per plant and nodules dry weight (mg/plant), number of pods per plant, 100 seed weight, seed yield (kg/ha) and harvest index were highest under silver plastic mulch laid on raised beds, irrigated with drip as compared to black plastic mulch and white plastic mulch treatments. Lowest growth and yield parameters were recorded in the flood irrigated treatment. Water Use Efficiency was highest under silver plastic mulch (17.21kg/ha mm) and lowest under flood irrigated condition (3.74 kg/ha mm). Net returns were higher in the treatment under the silver mulch (Rs/ha 77939) and followed by black mulch (Rs/ha 67179) with lowest net returns in the flood irrigated condition (Rs/ha 32690).

Response of grapevine (Cabernet Sauvignon cv) to above ground and subsurface drip irrigation under arid conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 197 ◽  
pp. 122-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antonino Pisciotta ◽  
Rosario Di Lorenzo ◽  
Gioacchino Santalucia ◽  
Maria Gabriella Barbagallo
Keyword(s):  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Subsurface Drip Irrigation ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Subsurface Drip

scholarly journals SUSCETIBILIDADE À INTRUSÃO RADICULAR DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS NA IRRIGAÇÃO SUBSUPERFICIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR

Irriga ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 150-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ronaldo Souza Resende ◽  
Rubens Duarte Coelho ◽  
Maria De Lourdes da Silva Leal ◽  
Samuel Silva da Mata
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Flow Rate ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Soil Water Potential ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Irrigation Level ◽  
Different Depths ◽  
Subsurface Drip

SUSCETIBILIDADE À INTRUSÃO RADICULAR DE GOTEJADORES CONVENCIONAIS NA IRRIGAÇÃO SUBSUPERFICIAL DE CANA-DE-AÇÚCAR   Ronaldo Souza Resende1; Rubens Duarte Coelho1; Maria de Lourdes da Silva Leal2; Samuel Silva da Mata21Departamento de Engenharia Rural, Escola Superior de Agricultura, Universidade de São Paulo,  Piracicaba,  SP, [email protected] de Pesquisa Agropecuária dos Tabuleiros Costeiros, Aracaju, SE.    1 RESUMO  Foram avaliados, quanto à ocorrência do processo de intrusão de raízes sob irrigação subsuperficial, sete modelos de gotejadores, sendo esses submetidos a duas profundidades de instalação no solo, P15 (0,15m) e P30 (0,3m), e três condições de enraizamento para a cultura da cana-de-açúcar: a) Úmido, no qual o solo era irrigado quando o potencial da água no solo alcançava -30 kPa b) Seco, quando esse potencial atingia -80 kPa e c) Sem Cultivo (SC), usado como controle e com esquema de irrigação idêntico ao tratamento Úmido. O experimento foi conduzido em vasos e em condição de estufa. A vazão dos gotejadores foi medida mensalmente e por um período de 270 dias, o que correspondeu ao ciclo completo da cultura. Os resultados evidenciaram diferenças estatisticamente significativas entre os modelos avaliados e indicaram não ser o regime de umidade do solo determinante para a ocorrência da intrusão de raízes nos gotejadores.  UNITERMOS: gotejamento; intrusão de raízes; entupimento    RESENDE, R. S.; COELHO, R. D.; LEAL, M. de L. da S.; MATA, S. S. da ROOT INTRUSION SUSCEPTIBILITY OF CONVENTIONAL DRIPPERS IN SUBSUPERFICIAL DRIP IRRIGATION OF SUGAR CANE CROP   2 ABSTRACTS  In order to evaluate root intrusion potential in subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) of sugar cane crop, seven emitters were tested under controlled environment (greenhouse and vase conditions). The drippers were installed at two different depths: 0.15m and 0.30m from soil surface (P15 and P30) and analyzed under three watering conditions: 1. Moist :  irrigation  started when the water potential in soil reached -30 kPa (tensiometer);  2. Dry: irrigation started when the water potential in soil reached -80 kPa; and 3. No crop / Moist (NOC): where the vases were kept without any crop (Control) with the same irrigation level of condition 1, isolated from other factors, which could disturb emitters flow rate.  Flow rate readings were taken every month in the sugar cane crop (270 days cycle). The results showed remarkable statistically significant differences among tested emitters. Irrigation frequency and soil water potential did not show significant correlation to root intrusion inside the buried emitters.  KEYWORDS: Drip irrigation; root intrusion; clogging

scholarly journals Leaf water potentials of sunlit and/or shaded grapevine leaves are sensitive alternatives to stem water potential

OENO One ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 46 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Larry E. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Stomatal Conductance ◽  
Solar Radiation ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Status ◽  
Direct Solar Radiation ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
Direct Sunlight ◽  
Water Potentials ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Highly Correlated

<p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Aims</strong>: Leaf (Ψ<sub>l</sub>) and stem (Ψ<sub>stem</sub>) water potentials were measured on grapevines to determine the effects of shoot location on both methods to assess vine water status.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Methods and results</strong>: Cabernet-Sauvignon and Merlot used in this study were grown at two locations in California. Measurements were taken at midday in July (Merlot) and at two times of the day (morning and afternoon), on two dates in August (Cabernet- Sauvignon). Measurements of Ψ<sub>l</sub> and Ψ<sub>stem</sub>, stomatal conductance and transpiration were taken on shoots entirely exposed to direct solar radiation or on shoots totally in the shade at the times of measurement. There were significant differences (<em>P</em> &lt; 0.05) between Ψ<sub>l</sub> and/or Ψ<sub>stem</sub> measured on shoots exposed to direct solar radiation and those in the shade. Both Ψ<sub>l</sub> and Ψ<sub>stem</sub> were significantly greater on the shoots exposed to direct sunlight compared to those in the shade. There was no significant difference between Ψ<sub>l</sub> measured on shaded leaves and Ψ<sub>stem</sub> determined on the fully exposed shoots.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Conclusions</strong>: Regardless of method used, water potentials were highly correlated with stomatal conductance measured on leaves in direct sunlight at the same time. All means of measuring grapevine water potential used in this study were highly correlated with one another.</p><p style="text-align: justify;"><strong>Significance and impact of the study</strong>: The data indicate that any of the techniques used in this study would be a sensitive indicator of vine water status and that the Ψ of shaded leaves would be an alternative to the measurement of Ψ<sub>stem</sub>.</p>

scholarly journals Effects of two drip-irrigation regimes on sap flow, water potential and leaf photosynthetic activity of mature olive trees

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (31) ◽  
pp. 2443-2452
Author(s):  
Chehab Hechmi ◽  
Mechri Baligh ◽  
Haouari Afef ◽  
Mahjoub Zoubeir ◽  
Braham Mohamed ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Sap Flow ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Olive Trees

scholarly journals Photosynthesis and cell respiration modulated by water deficit in grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) cv. Cabernet Sauvignon

2009 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 95-102 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sílvia A. Martim ◽  
Mirella P. Santos ◽  
Anderson L. Peçanha ◽  
Celso Pommer ◽  
Eliemar Campostrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Leaf Water Potential ◽  
Deficit Irrigation ◽  
Physiological Responses ◽  
Leaf Water ◽  
Cabernet Sauvignon ◽  
O2 Consumption ◽  
Cell Respiration ◽  
Regulated Deficit Irrigation

Winegrape productivity and quality has been related to the regulated deficit irrigation, with important implications for the plant bioenergetics. When water deficit is imposed to grapevine plants, alterations in overall photosynthesis and cell respiration are observed. The aim of this study was to assess the modulations promoted by water stress on photosynthesis and respiration in leaves of the cv. Cabernet Sauvignon (cv. CS) for better understanding the physiological responses related to its drought tolerance and quality improvement under water deficit. For this purpose, measurements of photosynthetic efficiency, leaf water potential, gas exchange and O2 consumption were carried out. Leaf water potential, photosynthesis, stomatal conductance, transpiration and internal carbon concentration were significantly reduced upon stress, suggesting that plants of cv. CS present higher water use efficiency (A N/E) and lower carboxylative capacity (A N/Ci) under this condition. On the other hand, cell respiration increased more than 70 % as estimated by the increase of O2 consumption measured 12 days after suspension of irrigation. Most of this effect was related to a four-fold increase of the mitochondrial alternative oxidase (AOX) activity. These data indicate a key role for the AOX pathway in the physiological responses of grapevines to water deficit, and it implies that analyses of the AOX activation patterns should be useful for programs aiming to improve the consistency of fruit production and quality of winegrape cultivars by regulated deficit irrigation.

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