scholarly journals Effects of functional pasta ingredients on different gut microbiota as revealed by TIM-2 in vitro model of the proximal colon

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 301-313
Author(s):  
A. Martina ◽  
G.E. Felis ◽  
M. Corradi ◽  
C. Maffeis ◽  
S. Torriani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Bacillus Coagulans ◽  
Proximal Colon ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dietary Interventions ◽  
Vitro Model ◽  
Microbial Groups

Diet-related modulation of gut microbiota and its metabolic activity represents an intriguing research context, particularly in the case of disorders related to imbalances in gut microbial communities. We here explored the effects of Bacillus coagulans GBI-30, 6086 (BC30), β-glucans, and innovative whole-grain pastas, with or without these functional ingredients, on gut microbiota from three groups of children, presenting different susceptibility to type 1 diabetes, by using the well-controlled TNO in vitro model of the proximal colon (TIM-2). Short- and branched-chain fatty acids production and microbiota composition were assessed by means of gas chromatography and 16S rRNA gene profiling, respectively. In most cases, in vitro dietary interventions caused microbiota-dependent modulations as a result of intergroup variability, but also specific changes in microbial groups were shared between the three microbiotas, highlighting specific diet-microbial taxa connections.

Dynamic In Vitro Model of the Blood–Brain Barrier: Gene Profiling Using cDNA Microarray Analysis

2003 ◽  
pp. 419-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matteo Marroni ◽  
Kelly M. Kight ◽  
Mohammed Hossain ◽  
Luca Cucullo ◽  
Shailesh Y. Desai ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Brain Barrier ◽  
Microarray Analysis ◽  
Cdna Microarray ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Brain Barrier ◽  
Cdna Microarray Analysis ◽  
Blood Brain ◽  
Vitro Model

In-vitro model for studying methanogens in human gut microbiota

Anaerobe ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 34 ◽  
pp. 50-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Tottey ◽  
Nadia Gaci ◽  
Guillaume Borrel ◽  
Monique Alric ◽  
Paul W. O'Toole ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals Xylo-oligosaccharides from sugarcane show prebiotic potential in a dynamic computer-controlled in vitro model of the adult human large intestine

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Venema ◽  
J. Verhoeven ◽  
S. Verbruggen ◽  
D. Keller
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Gut Health ◽  
Unidentified Species ◽  
Human Adults ◽  
Computer Controlled ◽  
Vitro Model

The aim of the study was to investigate the prebiotic potential of xylo-oligosaccharides (XOS) from sugarcane in a validated, dynamic, computer-controlled in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2) simulating human adults. In two sets of experiments, each with a different microbiota, 3 different doses of XOS were tested at 1.0 g/day, 1.5 g/day and 3.0 g/day. The in vitro model was run for 72 h, and at the start and subsequently every 24 h samples were taken and analysed for short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) and gut microbiota composition. SCFA were analysed using ion chromatography, whereas microbiota composition was analysed using sequencing of the V3-V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene. XOS showed a similar SCFA production per gram of substrate as the control medium, including butyrate, which is considered to be important for gut health. In both sets of experiments XOS showed a consistent dose-dependent increase in abundance over time of the genus Bifidobacterium, and within that of the species B. adolescentis and an unidentified species (labelled ‘sp.1’). The results show the potential prebiotic effect of XOS from sugarcane, by its capacity to generate butyrate and increase the health-beneficial bifidobacteria.

scholarly journals Identification of Equine Cecal Bacteria Producing Amines in an In Vitro Model of Carbohydrate Overload

2003 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 2087-2093 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. R. Bailey ◽  
M.-L. Baillon ◽  
A. N. Rycroft ◽  
P. A. Harris ◽  
J. Elliott
Keyword(s):  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Ischemia Reperfusion ◽  
Dilution Method ◽  
Growth Media ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Vitro Model

ABSTRACT Acute laminitis has been associated with the overgrowth of gram-positive bacteria within the equine hindgut, causing the release of factor(s) leading to ischemia-reperfusion of the digits. The products of fermentation which trigger acute laminitis are, as yet, unknown; however, vasoactive amines are possible candidates. The objectives of this study were to use an in vitro model of carbohydrate overload to study the change in populations of cecal streptococci and lactobacilli and to establish whether certain species of these bacteria were capable of producing vasoactive amines from amino acids. Cecal contents from 10 horses were divided into aliquots and incubated anaerobically with either corn starch or inulin (fructan; both at 1 g/100 ml). Samples were taken at 6-h intervals over a 24-h period for enumeration of streptococci, lactobacilli, and gram-negative anaerobes by a dilution method onto standard selective growth media. The effects of the antibiotic virginiamycin (1 mg/100 ml) and calcium hydrogen phosphate (CaHPO4; 0.3 g/100 ml) were also examined. Fermentation of excess carbohydrate was associated with increases in numbers of streptococci and lactobacilli (2- to 3.5-log unit increases; inhibited by virginiamycin) but numbers of gram-negative anaerobes were not significantly affected. A screening agar technique followed by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis enabled the identification of 26 different bacterial strains capable of producing one or more vasoactive amines. These included members of the species Streptococcus bovis and five different Lactobacillus spp. These data suggest that certain bacteria, whose overgrowth is associated with carbohydrate fermentation, are capable of producing vasoactive amines which may play a role in the pathogenesis of acute laminitis.

scholarly journals In vitro model insights into the role of human gut microbiota on arsenic bioaccessibility and its speciation in soils

2020 ◽  
Vol 263 ◽  
pp. 114580 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haifeng Chi ◽  
Yanwei Hou ◽  
Guofeng Li ◽  
Youchi Zhang ◽  
Frédéric Coulon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Human Gut ◽  
Human Gut Microbiota ◽  
Vitro Model

scholarly journals The Tissue-Engineered Human Psoriatic Skin Substitute: A Valuable In Vitro Model to Identify Genes with Altered Expression in Lesional Psoriasis

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 2923 ◽  
Author(s):  
Geneviève Rioux ◽  
Claudia Pouliot-Bérubé ◽  
Mélissa Simard ◽  
Manel Benhassine ◽  
Jacques Soucy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skin Disease ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Gene Profiling ◽  
Skin Substitute ◽  
Psoriatic Skin ◽  
Skin Substitutes ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Vitro Model

Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease for which no cure has emerged. Its complex etiology requires the development of an in vitro model representative of the pathology. In this study, we exploited gene profiling analyses on microarray in order to characterize and further optimize the production of a human psoriatic skin model representative of this in vivo skin disease. Various skin substitutes were produced by tissue-engineering using biopsies from normal, healthy donors, or from lesional or non-lesional skin samples from patients with psoriasis, and their gene expression profiles were examined by DNA microarray. We demonstrated that more than 3540 and 1088 genes (two-fold change) were deregulated between healthy/lesional and lesional/non-lesional psoriatic substitutes, respectively. Moreover, several genes related to lipid metabolism, such as PLA2G4E and PLA2G4C, were identified as repressed in the lesional substitutes. In conclusion, gene profiling analyses identified a list of deregulated candidate genes associated with various metabolic pathways that may contribute to the progression of psoriasis.

scholarly journals A Citrus Fruit Extract High in Polyphenols Beneficially Modulates the Gut Microbiota of Healthy Human Volunteers in a Validated In Vitro Model of the Colon

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3915
Author(s):  
Mônica Maurer Sost ◽  
Sanne Ahles ◽  
Jessica Verhoeven ◽  
Sanne Verbruggen ◽  
Yala Stevens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
In Vitro Model ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Short Chain Fatty Acids ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Fruit Extract ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Human Volunteers ◽  
Vitro Model

The effect of a Citrus Fruit Extract high in the polyphenols hesperidin and naringin (CFE) on modulation of the composition and activity of the gut microbiota was tested in a validated, dynamic in vitro model of the colon (TIM-2). CFE was provided at two doses (250 and 350 mg/day) for 3 days. CFE led to a dose-dependent increase in Roseburia, Eubacterium ramulus, and Bacteroides eggerthii. There was a shift in production of short-chain fatty acids, where acetate production increased on CFE, while butyrate decreased. In overweight and obesity, acetate has been shown to increase fat oxidation when produced in the distal gut, and stimulate secretion of appetite-suppressive neuropeptides. Thus, the data in the in vitro model point towards mechanisms underlying the effects of the polyphenols in CFE with respect to modulation of the gut microbiota, both in composition and activity. These results should be confirmed in a clinical trial.

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