Valorisation of organic waste material: growth performance of wild black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) reared on different organic wastes

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 193-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. Nyakeri ◽  
H.J.O. Ogola ◽  
M.A. Ayieko ◽  
F.A. Amimo
Keyword(s):  
Crude Protein ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Ether Extract ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Extract Content ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae

Insects such as the black soldier fly (BSF; Hermetia illucens) are currently being promoted as an alternative protein source for animals and organic waste management agents. To play the dual roles sustainably, there is need to reduce reliance on wild BSF and develop an appropriate farming methodology for the insect. This study aimed at improving larvae production in a black soldier fly colony previously established from the wild in Kenya. The study explored the effect of four locally available organic wastes as feedstocks for production the black soldier fly larvae. Separate feeding trials on faecal sludge (FS), banana peelings (BP), brewer’s waste (BW) and restaurant food waste (FR) was done and their effect on BSF larvae growth rate, larvae weight, total prepupal yield in grams, crude protein and lipid (ether extract) content analysed. The efficiency of the BSF larvae to consume and therefore reduce the waste load of the different substrates was also evaluated. Results showed that BSF larvae fed on FR had significantly higher (P<0.05) total mean yield and average individual weight of 196.9±4.0 g and 0.101±0.002 g, respectively, followed by BW (154.8±6.5 g, 0.078±0.02 g), FS (138.7±5.0 g, 0.070±0.001 g) and with BP the lowest (108.9±5.6 g, 0.055±0.002 g). The harvested BSF larvae crude protein was significantly higher for FS and BW at 45.4±0.1% and 43.0±1.0%, respectively. However, ether extract content was variable and dependent on feedstock used with lower values reported for FS and BW (18.1±0.3% and 27.2%, respectively), and highest for food remains prepupa (36%). Dry matter reduction ranged between 50.3-81.8% with corresponding bioconversion and feed conversion rates ranging from 14.9-20.8% and 2.6-4.5, respectively, was achieved for the substrates used. These results indicated the potential of utilising BSF composting in valorisation of the local organic wastes for their bioremediation from the environment. Due to their availability in large quantities and their low cost, these organic wastes can form important feedstock resources for the sustainable production of BSF larvae as a future alternative protein source for both animal feeds at farm level and industrial scale. In conclusion, embracing nutrient recycling through BSF technology by resource-constrained farmers in Kenya will contribute to food security through supply of proteins for production of poultry and fish.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Fertilizer Value of Residues Obtained after Processing Household Organic Waste with Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 4920
Author(s):  
Kiyonori Kawasaki ◽  
Toshiya Kawasaki ◽  
Hirofumi Hirayasu ◽  
Yoshiki Matsumoto ◽  
Yasuhiro Fujitani
Keyword(s):  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Ammonium Nitrogen ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Fertilizer Value ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Dry Matter Weight

The residue generated by the black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens, BSF) during the processing of organic waste is considered a suitable crop fertilizer. However, no detailed studies have investigated the fertilizer value of the residue obtained from processing household organic waste. In this study, experimental household organic waste (EHOW) was processed by BSF at 200 mg of EHOW per head for 15 days at 27 °C. To evaluate the fertilizer value of the obtained BSF larvae production residue (BSFR), the chemical composition and microbiota were analyzed, and Komatsuna (Brassica rapa var. perviridis) cultivation tests were conducted. BSFR results demonstrated higher ammonium nitrogen and lower nitrate nitrogen, and the highest above-ground dry matter weight of Komatsuna. Although the relative abundance of Escherichia was low, the relative abundance of Xanthomonadaceae, which contains a genus that causes disease in plants, was high. Therefore, the presence of plant pathogens in the BSFR microbiota should be considered. Finally, the effects of BSFR on the external environment requires more detailed investigation.

scholarly journals System development for production of black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) in small scale, using wild flies

2022 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. e20311124747
Author(s):  
Sandro Morais dos Santos ◽  
Paolo Lages Sequenzia ◽  
Elias Barbosa Rodrigues ◽  
Isabela Parolis Martins ◽  
Arlen Nicson Lopes Pena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Wire Mesh ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Plant Residues ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Fly Larvae

Technological innovation in rural areas guarantees the maintenance and subsistence  of rural producers. Additionally, it is mandatory to use strategies aimed at reducing costs in animal production and reducing the environmental impact involved, making it challenging in the current global scenario. Thus, it is necessary to develop new alternative methods of production aimed at small scales, which can be implemented in small properties with reduced capital investment. In this sense, the objective was to describe the development of a system capable of inducing the production of black soldier fly larvae-BSFL (Hermetia illucens) through the attractiveness of egg laying of wild adults. To make the larvae production system, the following were needed: a plastic drum, with a capacity of 200 liters, 10 meters of 8mm silk rope, 1.5 m2 of wire mesh with 25mm x 20mm mesh, 1 m2 3mm x 2mm nylon mesh, plastic faucet for draining the slurry, one meter of 20mm diameter hose, two plastic containers with capacity of 20 liters for collecting the slurry and pre-pupae; besides equipment for cutting and finishing the drum. The System was supplied with organic plant material from daily household disposal, and other plant residues produced on the property. The development of this System can provide great social and economic viability, as it can be implemented in small rural properties for the treatment of organic waste. The mechanism presented good performance for the recycling of organic waste, and also for the production of BSFL, with satisfactory quantity collected daily.

scholarly journals Staphylococcus aureus in Substrates for Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) and Its Dynamics during Rearing

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Gorrens ◽  
N. Van Looveren ◽  
L. Van Moll ◽  
D. Vandeweyer ◽  
D. Lachi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Fly Larvae

Given the increasing need for (more sustainable) methods to upcycle organic waste streams, the interest to rear insects, like black soldier fly larvae (BSFL), on such streams is increasing. This study reveals that S. aureus is abundantly present in such waste streams, which might be a point of attention for insect producers.

scholarly journals Substitution of Fishmeal with Black Soldier Fly Hermetia illucens Linnaeus, 1758 Larvae in Finfish Aquaculture – A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
MANIYANGAMAGE KASUN CHATHURANGA PRIYADARSHANA ◽  
◽  
CHAMINDA NIROSHAN WALPITA ◽  
MANOHARAN NAVEENAN ◽  
MANJULA PRIYANTHA SUMITH MAGAMAGE ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Crude Protein ◽  
Pupal Stage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Fish Nutrition ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Fishmeal Replacement ◽  
Wide Range

The reliance of aquaculture feed industry on fishmeal has been challenged by ecological, economic, and ethical limitations leading fish nutritionists to look for viable alternatives, and conventional animal-based protein sources showed varying degrees of success in this regard. However, a non-conventional protein source, black soldier fly Hermetia illucens Linnaeus, 1758 larvae (BSFL), received due attention as a focal point in fish nutrition research. Though many studies were conducted on H. illucens as a potential protein source for fish, a comprehensive review is not available. Therefore, this article aims to review the existing literature on the use of BSFL as a fishmeal replacer in aquaculture. The nutrient composition of BSFL varied with the developmental stage and the composition of growing medium. High crude protein levels (40.4–56.2 %) and high crude fat levels (4.8–24.8 %) made BSFL suitable for high protein and high energy diet. Early prepupa was the best stage for harvesting, considering its high crude protein content and dry matter yield and less chitin content. Up to 100 % inclusion levels of BSFL meal were tested in a wide range of fish species. Most studies revealed that up to 50 % of fishmeal replacement would be possible without negative effects on the fish. Notable adverse effects were found beyond 50 % of fishmeal replacement, mainly due to high chitin levels in the pupal stage and high crude fat levels. Harvesting BSFL before the pupal stage and defattening made it possible to replace 100 % of fishmeal without adverse effects on fish.

scholarly journals The Digestibility of Banana Peel and Testa coconut and Its Effects on the Growth and Mortality of Black Soldier Fly Larvae (Hermetia illucens) at Constant Feeding Rates

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 66-77
Author(s):  
Ramadhani Eka Putra ◽  
Alfariana Margareta ◽  
Ida Kinasih
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Consumption Rate ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Waste Reduction ◽  
Banana Peel ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Reduction Index

Organic waste produced by economic activities may create health, aesthetic, and economic problems. One of the approaches applied to solve this problem is the utilization of decomposer macrofauna to decompose the waste. One of the decomposers with great potential is Black Soldier Fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) that can consume various types of organic wastes and converts it into biomass with high protein and lipid content. In this study, banana peels and coconut testa had been fed to the larvae at 200 mg/larvae/day as the objects that represented organic wastes with low fiber content and high fiber content respectively. The purpose of this study was to observe the growth and efficiency of BSF larvae in decomposing those wastes. The analysis was conducted on some parameters such as the growth and consumption rate, the efficiency of conversion of digested (ECD), waste reduction index, and mortality rate. The results showed that BSF larvae THAT consumed banana peel had a higher final weight (58.24 mg), growth rate, and consumption rate while the mortality rate was lower than BSF larvae that consumed coconut testa. The ECD of the larvae group that consumed banana peel was higher than the larvae group that consumed coconut testa. The waste reduction index of banana peel was higher than coconut testa (1.5 and 1.4, respectively). The larvae that consumed coconut testa had a longer pupation period (9±1,75 days) compared to the larvae that consumed banana peel. Based on this result, it can be concluded that the fiber content of organic waste affected the decomposition rate and growth of BSF larvae.

scholarly journals Black Soldier Fly (Hermetia illucens) as an Alternative Protein Source for Animal Feed

2017 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 069 ◽  
Author(s):  
April Hari Wardhana
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Essential Amino Acids ◽  
Protein Source ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Alternative Protein ◽  
Amino Acid Requirements

<p class="awabstrak2">Increasing demand of protein source for animal feed, particularly fish meal and soybean meal has led to a problem in the future. It is a need to look for an alternative protein source, in order to meet amino acid requirements maintaining livestock production level. Insects possesing high quality, efficient dan rich protein content at all life stages such as Black Soldier Fly (BSF, <em>Hermetia illucens</em>) could be used as one of the alternatives. The flies grow and reproduce easily, have high feed efficiency and can be reared on bio-waste streams. These are neither pests nor vectors of diseases. Insect meal generally possesses levels of chemical contaminants which are below recommended maximum concentrations. The larvae have antibacterial (<em>Escherichia coli</em> O15:H7, <em>Salmonella enterica</em> serovar <em>Enteritidis</em>) and antiviral (enterovirus and adenovirus ) properties. Larvae of BSF could be scaled up easily and possess 40-50% protein content, including some essential amino acids that can be used to replace both fish meal and soybean meal in feed.</p>

Using organic wastes as feed substrate for black soldier fly larvae

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
J.W. Msangi ◽  
C.K. Mweresa ◽  
M.F.O. Ndong’a
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Organic Wastes ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Larval Weight ◽  
Black Soldier Fly ◽  
Potato Peels ◽  
Black Soldier Fly Larvae ◽  
Fly Larvae

Feeding black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) on locally available organic wastes has the potential of providing an alternative source of protein to fishmeal and soybean used in animal feed formulation. This can also mitigate against increasing accumulation of organic wastes and reduce high costs associated with their disposal. This study assessed the effects of three locally available organic waste substrates namely Irish potato peels, kale remains and bovine ruminal content versus chick mash as a positive control on larval weight gain, prepupal yield, substrate reduction rate, bioconversion rate and conversion ratio of BSFL. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) was used to determine whether organic feed substrates had significant effects on BSFL while Tukey HSD, post-hoc test was applied for multiple comparisons and mean separation at P<0.05. Organic waste feed substrates influenced larval weight gain and prepupal yield (P<0.01), biomass reduction rate (P=0.04), bioconversion rate (P=0.01) and conversion ratio (P=0.04) of BSFL produced. Kale remains performed better than Irish potato peels and bovine ruminal contents implying that they can be enriched to provide an alternative feed for BSFL instead of chick mash. This study demonstrated that the three locally available organic waste substrates can be used to feed BSFL for sustainable production of animal feed. Black soldier fly larvae have the potential of providing a viable solution for degradation and disposal of ever-increasing quantities of organic wastes in the markets, towns and cities of sub-Saharan Africa.

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