Bioavailability of Some Heavy Metals in Crude Oil Contaminated Soils Remediated with Pleurotus tuber-regium Fr. Singer

This paper considered the toxicity assessment of some crude oil contaminated soils in Niger Delta areas. The soil samples were collected from different horizontal distances, vertical depths and contaminated soil of different ages. The heavy metals in the contaminated soils were digested and extracted using di-acid digested and DTPA extraction methods respectively. The physiochemical parameters (moisture content, pH, N, P and heavy metals (Ni, Pb and Cd) were analysed with APHA method. The heavy metals concentration was determined using atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The results show that the metals concentration decreased with the age of the contaminated soil and with increased vertical depths. However, the metals concentrations were almost constant at different horizontal distances. Similar trend was observed for the moisture content, pH, N, P and K.

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Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) dung and their associated fungi: Potential candidates for bio-remediation and nutrients improvement of crude oil contaminated soils

Biodiversitas Journal of Biological Diversity ◽

10.13057/biodiv/d220822 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (8) ◽

Author(s):

David Nwazuo Enyiukwu ◽

INENESIT N. BASSEY ◽

GRACE AMARACHI NWAOGU ◽

N.U. ASAMUDO ◽

LWANGA AZUBUIKE CHUKWU ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Physicochemical Properties ◽

Crude Oil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Sus Scrofa ◽

Oil Pollution ◽

Test Plant ◽

Coprophilous Fungi ◽

Crop Performance ◽

Sus Scrofa Domesticus

Abstract. Enyiukwu DN, Bassey IN, Nwaogu GA, Asamudo NU, Chukwu LA, Monday EA, Maranzu JO. 2021. Pig (Sus scrofa domesticus) dung and their associated fungi: Potential candidates for bio-remediation and nutrients improvement of crude oil contaminated soils. Biodiversitas 22: 3276-3286. Pig dung a common agro-waste material in Nigeria is associated with many fungal saprophytes. Rising oil spillages and pollution in Nigeria have made cultivation of affected agro-lands un-rewarding. Potentials of pig dung in mitigating crude oil pollution in agro-soils are herein studied. The objectives of this study were to characterize the fungal profile associated with wet and dry dung of pig. And to evaluate the remediating impacts of pig dung and their associated fungi on crude oil and heavy metals contents, physicochemical properties, and phytotoxicity of crude oil polluted soils. Coprophilous fungi were isolated from wet and dry dung by moist chamber technique and identified. Utisoil from Umudike was polluted with crude oil, amended with 10-40% of dry pig dung and sown with soybean (Glycine max L.). The amended and un-amended crude oil contaminated utisols were analyzed to reduce crude oil and heavy metals contents; and physicochemical properties at planting, and harvesting, respectively, using classical and spectrometric methods, and the extent of crude oil and heavy metals removal determined. The percentage germination, height, number of leaves, leaf color, vigor, and biomass of the test crop were recorded from the test plant. The results showed that Aspergillus candidus, Sclerotium sp., Absidia sp., Acremonium sp., Candida tropicalis, C. pseudotropicalis, and Rhizopus oryzae were consistently isolated from the dry dung specimen than the wet one. The results also indicated that the treatments significantly reduced the treated soils' crude oil and heavy metals contents. It revealed that values obtained for residual oil or heavy metals contents of the treated soils and crop performance were inversely and directly related to levels of soil amendment respectively. Crop performance in the amended soil remained statistically (P?0.05) higher compared to the control. Soil analyses showed that the dung treatments significantly increased the values of nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, organic carbon, etc. in a directly proportional manner. Therefore, pig dung and their associated fungi hold strong potentials as cheap eco-friendly platforms to provide and stimulate microbial growth, hasten degradation and removal of crude oil and heavy metals from contaminated soils; and thus permit and sustain good performance of arable crops.

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Synergistic Effect of Rhamnolipid and Saponin Biosurfactants on Removal of Heavy Metals from Oil Contaminated Soils

Tenside Surfactants Detergents ◽

10.3139/113.110672 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (2) ◽

pp. 109-114

Author(s):

Amirhossein Dolatzadeh khiyavi ◽

Reza Hajimohammadi ◽

Hossein Amani ◽

Hadi Soltani

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Synergistic Effect ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals

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Chemical Properties of Heavy Metal-Contaminated Soils from a Korean Military Shooting Range: Evaluation of Pb Sources Using Pb Isotope Ratios

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11157099 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (15) ◽

pp. 7099

Author(s):

Inkyeong Moon ◽

Honghyun Kim ◽

Sangjo Jeong ◽

Hyungjin Choi ◽

Jungtae Park ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Heavy Metal ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Management Strategies ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Heavy Metal Concentration ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Shooting Range ◽

Geochemical Properties ◽

Mineral Phases

In this study, the geochemical properties of heavy metal-contaminated soils from a Korean military shooting range were analyzed. The chemical behavior of heavy metals was determined by analyzing the soil pH, heavy metal concentration, mineral composition, and Pb isotopes. In total, 24 soil samples were collected from a Korean military shooting range. The soil samples consist of quartz, albite, microcline, muscovite/illite, kaolinite, chlorite, and calcite. Lead minerals, such as hydrocerussite and anglesite, which are indicative of a transformation into secondary mineral phases, were not observed. All soils were strongly contaminated with Pb with minor concentrations of Cu, Ni, Cd, and Zn. Arsenic was rarely detected. The obtained results are indicated that the soils from the shooting range are contaminated with heavy metals and have evidences of different degree of anthropogenic Pb sources. This study is crucial for the evaluation of heavy metal-contaminated soils in shooting ranges and their environmental effect as well as for the establishment of management strategies for the mitigation of environmental risks.

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Fractionation of Heavy Metals in Multi-Contaminated Soil Treated with Biochar Using the Sequential Extraction Procedure

Biomolecules ◽

10.3390/biom11030448 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (3) ◽

pp. 448

Author(s):

Mahrous Awad ◽

Zhongzhen Liu ◽

Milan Skalicky ◽

Eldessoky S. Dessoky ◽

Marian Brestic ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Contaminated Soil ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Extraction Procedure ◽

Sequential Fractionation ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

Heavy metals (HMs) toxicity represents a global problem depending on the soil environment’s geochemical forms. Biochar addition safely reduces HMs mobile forms, thus, reducing their toxicity to plants. While several studies have shown that biochar could significantly stabilize HMs in contaminated soils, the study of the relationship of soil properties to potential mechanisms still needs further clarification; hence the importance of assessing a naturally contaminated soil amended, in this case with Paulownia biochar (PB) and Bamboo biochar (BB) to fractionate Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu using short sequential fractionation plans. The relationship of soil pH and organic matter and its effect on the redistribution of these metals were estimated. The results indicated that the acid-soluble metals decreased while the fraction bound to organic matter increased compared to untreated pots. The increase in the organic matter metal-bound was mostly at the expense of the decrease in the acid extractable and Fe/Mn bound ones. The highest application of PB increased the organically bound fraction of Pb, Cd, Zn, and Cu (62, 61, 34, and 61%, respectively), while the BB increased them (61, 49, 42, and 22%, respectively) over the control. Meanwhile, Fe/Mn oxides bound represents the large portion associated with zinc and copper. Concerning soil organic matter (SOM) and soil pH, as potential tools to reduce the risk of the target metals, a significant positive correlation was observed with acid-soluble extractable metal, while a negative correlation was obtained with organic matter-bound metal. The principal component analysis (PCA) shows that the total variance represents 89.7% for the TCPL-extractable and HMs forms and their relation to pH and SOM, which confirms the positive effect of the pH and SOM under PB and BB treatments on reducing the risk of the studied metals. The mobility and bioavailability of these metals and their geochemical forms widely varied according to pH, soil organic matter, biochar types, and application rates. As an environmentally friendly and economical material, biochar emphasizes its importance as a tool that makes the soil more suitable for safe cultivation in the short term and its long-term sustainability. This study proves that it reduces the mobility of HMs, their environmental risks and contributes to food safety. It also confirms that performing more controlled experiments, such as a pot, is a disciplined and effective way to assess the suitability of different types of biochar as soil modifications to restore HMs contaminated soil via controlling the mobilization of these minerals.

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Enhanced Electrokinetic Remediation for the Removal of Heavy Metals from Contaminated Soils

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app11041799 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1799

Author(s):

Claudio Cameselle ◽

Susana Gouveia ◽

Adrian Cabo

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Citric Acid ◽

Organic Acids ◽

Contaminated Soils ◽

Electrokinetic Remediation ◽

Deionized Water ◽

Soil Specimen ◽

Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽

Ph Conditions ◽

Neutral Metal

The electrokinetic remediation of an agricultural soil contaminated with heavy metals was studied using organic acids as facilitating agents. The unenhanced electrokinetic treatment using deionized water as processing fluid did not show any significant mobilization and removal of heavy metals due to the low solubilization of metals and precipitation at high pH conditions close to the cathode. EDTA and citric acid 0.1 M were used as facilitating agents to favor the dissolution and transportation of metals. The organic acids were added to the catholyte and penetrated into the soil specimen by electromigration. EDTA formed negatively charged complexes. Citric acid formed neutral metal complexes in the soil pH conditions (pH = 2–4). Citric acid was much more effective in the dissolution and transportation out of the soil specimen of complexed metals. In order to enhance the removal of metals, the concentration of citric acid was increased up to 0.5 M, resulting in the removal of 78.7% of Cd, 78.6% of Co, 72.5% of Cu, 73.3% of Zn, 11.8% of Cr and 9.8% of Pb.

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