scholarly journals Mathematical and computational modeling of biological systems: advances and perspectives

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-321
Author(s):  
Carlo Bianca ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computational Models ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Quantitative Validation ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Mathematical And Computational Modeling

<abstract> <p>The recent developments in the fields of mathematics and computer sciences have allowed a more accurate description of the dynamics of some biological systems. On the one hand new mathematical frameworks have been proposed and employed in order to gain a complete description of a biological system thus requiring the definition of complicated mathematical structures; on the other hand computational models have been proposed in order to give both a numerical solution of a mathematical model and to derive computation models based on cellular automata and agents. Experimental methods are developed and employed for a quantitative validation of the modeling approaches. This editorial article introduces the topic of this special issue which is devoted to the recent advances and future perspectives of the mathematical and computational frameworks proposed in biosciences.</p> </abstract>

scholarly journals The Rise of (Chiral) 3D Mechanical Metamaterials

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (21) ◽  
pp. 3527 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janet Reinbold ◽  
Tobias Frenzel ◽  
Alexander Münchinger ◽  
Martin Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Crystal Lattice ◽  
Lattice Constant ◽  
Linear Polarization ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Polarization Rotation ◽  
Mechanical Metamaterials ◽  
The One ◽  
Crystal Lattice Constant

On the occasion of this special issue, we start by briefly outlining some of the history and future perspectives of the field of 3D metamaterials in general and 3D mechanical metamaterials in particular. Next, in the spirit of a specific example, we present our original numerical as well as experimental results on the phenomenon of acoustical activity, the mechanical counterpart of optical activity. We consider a three-dimensional chiral cubic mechanical metamaterial architecture that is different from the one that we have investigated in recent early experiments. We find even larger linear-polarization rotation angles per metamaterial crystal lattice constant than previously and a slower decrease of the effects towards the bulk limit.

scholarly journals Introducción. La desaparición forzada de personas: circulación transnacional y usos sociales de una categoría de los derechos humanos (Introduction. The forced disappearance of persons: transnational circulation and social uses of a category of human rights)

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gabriel Gatti ◽  
Ignacio Irazuzta ◽  
María Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
United Nations ◽  
Sociology Of Law ◽  
International Institute ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Social Uses ◽  
Point Of Departure

El texto introduce los trabajos presentados en el workshop, con título similar a este artículo, celebrado en julio de 2017 en el IISJ. El objetivo del encuentro fue comprender la lógica de la circulación transnacional y algunos usos locales de la categoría de desaparición forzada una vez esta se asentó con la ratificación en 2007 de la Convención Internacional para la Protección de todas las Personas contra las Desapariciones Forzadas de la ONU. Esa cristalización jurídica e histórica es el punto de partida para entender las derivas, los efectos y las reproducciones del tipo jurídico cuando se ha conformado como tipo ideal. Es así que, sobre esas formas tipificadas de desaparición, cabe hoy pensar en diferentes y variadas situaciones que afectan a figuras sociales muy diversas. Esta introducción propone una definición de un concepto que es de uso reiterado en los textos que componen este número, el de desaparición social. The text introduces works presented at the workshop (with a similar title as the one of this article) held in July 2017 at the Oñati International Institute for the Sociology of Law. The aim of that workshop was to understand the logic of transnational circulation and some local uses of the category of enforced disappearance after it was sanctioned in 2007 by the Convention for the Protection of All Persons from Enforced Disappearance by the United Nations. That juridical and historical crystallization is the point of departure to understand the transformations, the effects and the reproduction of the juridical type when transformed as ideal type. It is upon those typified forms of disappearance that today we can think about different situations that affect very diverse social figures. This presentation proposes a definition of a concept that is repeatedly use in the texts of this special issue, that of social disappearance.

scholarly journals Special Issue on the Theory and Practice of Differential Privacy

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Gaboardi ◽  
Chris J. Skinner
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Programming Languages ◽  
Differential Privacy ◽  
International Workshop ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Release Mechanism ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Research Areas ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Definition Of

This special issue presents papers based on contributions to the first international workshop on the “Theory and Practice of Differential Privacy” (TPDP) held in London, UK, 18 April 2015, as part of the European joint conference on Theory And Practice of Software (ETAPS). Differential privacy is a mathematically rigorous definition of the privacy protection provided by a data release mechanism: it offers a strong guaranteed bound on what can be learned about a user as a result of participating in a differentially private data analysis. Researchers in differential privacy come from several areas of computer science, including algorithms, programming languages, security, databases and machine learning, as well as from several areas of statistics and data analysis. The workshop was intended to be an occasion for researchers from these different research areas to discuss the recent developments in the theory and practice of differential privacy. The program of the workshop included 10 contributed talks, 1 invited speaker and 1 joint invited speaker with the workshop “Hot Issues in Security Principles and Trust” (HotSpot 2016). Participants at the workshop were invited to submit papers to this special issue. Six papers were accepted, most of which directly reflect talks presented at the workshop

Debate on the concept of probability, and conclusions to this special issue on developments of the concepts of randomness, statistics and probability

2014 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
GIUSEPPE LONGO ◽  
MIOARA MUGUR-SCHÄCHTER ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Computer Science ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Statistics And Probability ◽  
The One

The main promotor of this special issue, Mioara Mugur-Schächter, organised a final debate for the one day conference dedicated to the theme of this special issue of Mathematical Structures in Computer Science.

scholarly journals Foreword

1999 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 225-226
Author(s):  
J. P. Bahsoun ◽  
J. L. Fiadeiro ◽  
D. Galmiche
Keyword(s):  
System Development ◽  
Object Oriented ◽  
Object Oriented Programming ◽  
Theoretic Approach ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Object Based ◽  
Operational Interpretation ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The One

There are various logic-based approaches to modelling concurrent programming. The use of logic for system development concerns both the specification step and the study of the operational aspects (through proof analysis and construction) of such development. This means that we have to consider different logical systems for different uses of logic. Moreover, we can also consider concurrency from both points of view: we want to reason and to specify systems where some concurrency aspects are involved, but also to have some operational interpretation of concurrency within logic (focusing on the concept of proof). For this purpose, it seems clear that we have to identify and to study, on the one hand, the role and the treatment of objects (representation, inheritance, modularity, communication, and so on) in this context, and, on the other hand, the interaction of work on proofs and concurrency with the Object-Oriented Programming paradigm.The ECOOP’96 workshop on ‘Proof Theory of Concurrent Object-Oriented Programming’ took place in Linz, Austria, in July 1996. Its objective was to provide an integrated forum for the presentation of research and the exchange of ideas and experiences in the topics concerned with proofs, concurrency and object-oriented programming (specification, proof development, and so on). The call for papers for this Special Issue of Mathematical Structures in Computer Science can be considered to have been a natural scientific continuation of the workshop.The papers selected for this Special Issue address some of the topics discussed in the workshop. They present different alternative frameworks that are effectively based on a proof-theoretic approach. They illustrate, from different points of view, the interest, potentialities and difficulties of dealing with such an approach in the design of object-based concurrent systems.

scholarly journals Introduction: computability of the physical

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 723-728
Author(s):  
CRISTIAN S. CALUDE ◽  
S. BARRY COOPER
Keyword(s):  
Scientific Community ◽  
Albert Einstein ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Natural Phenomena ◽  
Special Issue ◽  
Constructive Theory ◽  
Special Contribution ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Albert Einstein encapsulated a commonly held view within the scientific community when he wrote in his book Out of My Later Years (Einstein 1950, page 54) ‘When we say that we understand a group of natural phenomena, we mean that we have found a constructive theory which embraces them.’ This represents a dual challenge to the scientist: on the one hand, to explain the real world in a very basic, and if possible, mathematical, way; but on the other, to characterise the extent to which this is even possible. Recent years have seen the mathematics of computability play an increasingly vital role in pushing forward basic science and in illuminating its limitations within a creative coming together of researchers from different disciplines. This special issue of Mathematical Structures in Computer Science is based on the special session ‘Computability of the Physical’ at the International Conference Computability in Europe 2010, held at Ponta Delgada, Portugal, in June 2010, and it, together with the individual papers it contains, forms what we believe to be a special contribution to this exciting and developing process.

scholarly journals Piece-wise linear models of biological systems—Application, analysis, and comparison with nonlinear models using the example of the p53 regulatory module

PLoS ONE ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. e0243823
Author(s):  
Magdalena Ochab ◽  
Krzysztof Puszynski
Keyword(s):  
Linear Models ◽  
Nonlinear Models ◽  
Equilibrium Points ◽  
Biological Systems ◽  
Analytical Determination ◽  
Solution Stability ◽  
Regulatory Module ◽  
Full Analysis ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of

In this paper, we propose to use a linear system with switching methodology for description and analysis of complex biological systems. We show advantages of the proposed approach over the one usually used, which is based on ODE. We propose the detailed methodology of a full analysis of developed models, including analytical determination of the location and type of equilibrium points, finding an analytical solution, stability and bifurcation analysis. We illustrate the above with the example of the well-known p53 signalling pathway comparing the results with the results of a nonlinear, ODE-based version of the proposed model. The complex methodology proposed by us, especially due to the definition of model structure, which is easy to understand for biologists and medics, may be a bridge for closer cooperation between them and engineers in the future.

Schottky diodes based on 2D materials for environmental gas monitoring: a review on emerging trends, recent developments and future perspectives

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minu Mathew ◽  
Chandra Sekhar Rout
Keyword(s):  
Gas Sensing ◽  
2D Materials ◽  
Schottky Diodes ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Future Perspectives ◽  
Working Temperature ◽  
Emerging Trends ◽  
Gas Sensing Properties ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Sensitivity And Selectivity

This review details the fundamentals, working principles and recent developments of Schottky junctions based on 2D materials to emphasize their improved gas sensing properties including low working temperature, high sensitivity, and selectivity.

Biosecurity: tools, behaviours and concepts

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
pp. 449-452
Author(s):  
Alan MacLeod ◽  
Nicola Spence
Keyword(s):  
Plant Protection ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Animal Health ◽  
Early Warning Systems ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Harmful Organisms ◽  
The One ◽  
Biosecurity Practices

COVID 19 has raised the profile of biosecurity. However, biosecurity is not only about protecting human life. This issue brings together mini-reviews examining recent developments and thinking around some of the tools, behaviours and concepts around biosecurity. They illustrate the multi-disciplinary nature of the subject, demonstrating the interface between research and policy. Biosecurity practices aim to prevent the spread of harmful organisms; recognising that 2020 is the International Year of Plant Health, several focus on plant biosecurity although invasive species and animal health concerns are also captured. The reviews show progress in developing early warning systems and that plant protection organisations are increasingly using tools that compare multiple pest threats to prioritise responses. The bespoke modelling of threats can inform risk management responses and synergies between meteorology and biosecurity provide opportunities for increased collaboration. There is scope to develop more generic models, increasing their accessibility to policy makers. Recent research can improve pest surveillance programs accounting for real-world constraints. Social science examining individual farmer behaviours has informed biosecurity policy; taking a broader socio-cultural approach to better understand farming networks has the potential to change behaviours in a new way. When encouraging public recreationists to adopt positive biosecurity behaviours communications must align with their values. Bringing together the human, animal, plant and environmental health sectors to address biosecurity risks in a common and systematic manner within the One Biosecurity concept can be achieved through multi-disciplinary working involving the life, physical and social sciences with the support of legislative bodies and the public.

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