A diet based on high-heat-treated foods promotes risk factors for diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular diseases

The review pays attention to a considerable rise in the incidence of diabetes mellitus (DM) and to its association with cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and events. It is noted that these events may be present much earlier than DM is diagnosed. The paper also discusses in detail a role of hyperglycemia, postprandial one in particular, hyperinsulinemia, insulin resistance, endothelial dysfunction, impaired blood rheological properties, lipid metabolic disturbances, and genetic and traditional risk factors in the development of atherosclerosis, coronary heart disease, chronic heart failure, cerebrovascular diseases, and lower extremity ischemia in DM.

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Risk factors for development of myocardial infarction in women with preserved reproductive function

I P Pavlov Russian Medical Biological Herald ◽

10.23888/pavlovj2019272172-180 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 27 (2) ◽

pp. 172-180 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Daria V. Seliverstova

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Myocardial Infarction ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Oral Contraceptives ◽

Overweight And Obesity ◽

Group 2 ◽

Group 1

Aim. Identification of risk factors (RF) for myocardial infarction (MI) among women with preserved menstrual function. Material and Methods. 121 Female patients under 55 years of age, who were hospitalized with MI in the cardiology departments of Ryazan in the period 2010-2016, were studied. All patients were divided into 2 groups. The first group included women with a regular menstrual cycle without menopausal symptoms (n=60, mean age 48.0±6.1 years). The second group consisted of postmenopausal women (n=61, mean age 49.8±4.3 years). Of a cohort of studied women a group of women was isolated (n=18 from group 1 and n=15 from group 2) who, during hospitalization with MI in 2015-2016, filled in questionnaires on nutrition and physical activity. Results. In women of group 1 such risk factors as burdened heredity for cardiovascular diseases (58.3%, p=0.02) and smoking (46.7%, p=0.03) were more common than in women of group 2. Only women of group 1 took oral contraceptives before the onset of MI (15%, p=0.005). The most common RFs were: arterial hypertension (˃80% of patients in both groups; overweight and obesity (78.3% of women from group 1 and 83.6% from group 2); type 2 diabetes mellitus (23.3% in group 1 and 24.6% in group 2). According to the results of the questionnaire on food habits, insufficient use of fruit and vegetables was detected among all patients of both groups. In analysis of the results of the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), 72.2% of patients in group 1 experienced insufficient physical activity, and 53.3% of patients in group 2 showed pronounced hypodynamia. Biochemical analysis of blood revealed increased average levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoproteins and triglycerides, with high-density lipoproteins within the normal range in both groups. Conclusion. The most common risk factors for myocardial infarction in women with preserved menstrual function in comparison with postmenopausal women were: positive heredity for cardiovascular diseases, smoking and taking oral contraceptives. Besides, a wide spread of arterial hypertension, dyslipidemia and diabetes mellitus, overweight and obesity, low physical activity and lack of fruit and vegetables in the diet of women in both groups should be noted.

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Risk factors for cardiovascular disease

10.1093/med/9780199568741.003.0086 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Amitava Banerjee ◽

Kaleab Asrress

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Family History ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Epidemiologic Studies ◽

Individual Factors ◽

History Of ◽

Novel Risk Factors ◽

Traditional Risk Factors

The most prevalent cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are atherosclerotic, affecting all arterial territories. Epidemiologic studies such as the Framingham and INTERHEART studies have firmly established the commonest or ‘traditional’ risk factors for CVD; namely, smoking, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolaemia, and a family history of CVD. The ‘risk-factors approach’ to CVD looks at these factors, individually and in combination, in the causation of disease. The complex causation pathways involve interplay of individual factors, whether genetic or environmental. More recently, there has been increasing interest in ‘epigenetics’ or the way in which the environment interacts with genes in the process underlying CVD. This chapter presents an analysis of the traditional and novel risk factors for CVD.

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Effect of Nigella sativa oil supplement on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Phytotherapy Research ◽

10.1002/ptr.6707 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 34 (10) ◽

pp. 2706-2711

Author(s):

Akram Kooshki ◽

Tahereh Tofighiyan ◽

Neda Rastgoo ◽

Mohammad Hassan Rakhshani ◽

Mohammad Miri

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Nigella Sativa ◽

Nigella Sativa Oil

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Obesity and risk factors of cardiovascular diseases in type II (non-insulin-dependent) diabetes mellitus

Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice ◽

10.1016/s0168-8227(00)80811-6 ◽

2000 ◽

Vol 50 ◽

pp. 240

Author(s):

Jorge Blanco Anesto ◽

Maria Matilde Socarrás Súarez ◽

Armando Rodríguez Súarez ◽

Daris Gonzalez Hernández ◽

Emilio Buchaca Faxas ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Insulin Dependent Diabetes ◽

Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Type Ii ◽

Insulin Dependent

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Age-related androgen deficiency and erectile dysfunction in men of the reproductive age presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus

Problems of Endocrinology ◽

10.14341/probl20135913-7 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 59 (1) ◽

pp. 3-7

Author(s):

R M Mamedgasanov ◽

T V Mekhtiev

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Type 2 Diabetes ◽

Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Erectile Dysfunction ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Androgen Deficiency ◽

Congenital Diseases ◽

Age Related

Aim of the study. To detect hypogonadism and elucidate its relationship with erectile dysfunction (ED) and the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases (CVD) among the patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). Materials and methods. This clinical epidemiological study included 261 men with DM2 at the age varying from 30 to 59 years. The following exclusion criteria were used: type 1 diabetes mellitus, primary hypogonadism, drug-induced and congenital diseases accompanied by hypogonadism, oncological and cardiovascular diseases. All the patients underwent routine clinical examination, questionnaire and instrumental studies, laboratory analysis including assays for sex hormones. Results. Hypogonadism was diagnosed based on the results of all above studies in 114 (43.7%) men presenting with type 2 diabetes mellitus whereas the AMS questionnaire revealed a 10% higher incidence of age-related hypogonadism (in 141 or 54% subjects). It means that the incidence of hypogonadism increases with age both among the patients with DM2 and in the general male population. For example, only 17.5% of the men at the age of 30-39 years suffered hypogonadism compared with thrice this frequency in the groups of 40-49 and 50-59 year-old subjects. The summarized international erectile function index (IEFI) in the patients with hypogonadism and DM2 was 14.2±0.5 compared with 19.0±0.9 in the group without hypogonadism (p<0.001). Erectile dysfunction was diagnosed in 42 (28.6%) of the 147 patients with DM2 in the absence of hypogonadism whereas all the patients with hypogonadism suffered ED. The groups of the patients presenting with DM2 and hypogonadism and with DM2 without hypogonadism were not significantly different in terms of the number of smokers and hypokinetic subjects (roughly 70%). A similar tendency was documented in the occurrence of such parameters as waist circumference and serum triglycerides levels whereas the total and LDLP cholesterol levels, arterial pressure and body mass index were significantly higher in the patients with hypogonadism. Conclusion. Almost each second man with type 2 diabetes mellitus suffers hypogonadism and the number of such patients increases with age. The presence of DM2 increases the risk of development of ED. Also, the probability of ED and its severity increase under effect of androgen deficiency. The combination of DM2 and hypogonadism promotes manifestation of the main risk factors of cardiovascular diseases.

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The Role of Red Blood Cell Deformability and Na,K-ATPase Function in Selected Risk Factors of Cardiovascular Diseases in Humans: Focus on Hypertension, Diabetes Mellitus and Hypercholesterolemia

Physiological Research ◽

10.33549/physiolres.933402 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. S43-S54 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

J. RADOSINSKA ◽

N. VRBJAR

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Adverse Outcomes ◽

Erythrocyte Membranes ◽

Cell Deformability ◽

Triggering Factor ◽

Pass Through ◽

Rbc Deformability

Deformability of red blood cells (RBC) is the ability of RBC to change their shape in order to pass through narrow capillaries in circulation. Deterioration in deformability of RBC contributes to alterations in microcirculatory blood flow and delivery of oxygen to tissues. Several factors are responsible for maintenance of RBC deformability. One of them is the Na,K-ATPase known as crucial enzyme in maintenance of intracellular ionic homeostasis affecting thus regulation of cellular volume and consequently RBC deformability. Decreased deformability of RBC has been found to be the marker of adverse outcomes in cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and the presence of cardiovascular risk factors influences rheological properties of the blood. This review summarizes knowledge concerning the RBC deformability in connection with selected risk factors of CVD, including hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus, based exclusively on papers from human studies. We attempted to provide an update on important issues regarding the role of Na,K-ATPase in RBC deformability. In patients suffering from hypertension as well as diabetes mellitus the Na,K-ATPase appears to be responsible for the changes leading to alterations in RBC deformability. The triggering factor for changes of RBC deformability during hypercholesterolemia seems to be the increased content of cholesterol in erythrocyte membranes.

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Predictors for mortality of inpatients of COVID-19 in Mumbai

International Journal of Community Medicine and Public Health ◽

10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20212019 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 8 (6) ◽

pp. 3079

Author(s):

Prasad T. Dhikale ◽

Smita S. Chavhan ◽

Balkrishna B. Adsul ◽

Kirti V. Kinge ◽

Chinmay N. Gokhale ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Risk Factors ◽

Cardiovascular Diseases ◽

Kidney Diseases ◽

Risk Groups ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Hospital Death ◽

Published Data ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Chronic Kidney Diseases

Background: The estimation of risk factors for death can help in modifying the screening, treatment strategy and saving valuable lives. The published data about this topic from India is scarce. We aim to explore the risk factors of in-hospital deaths for COVID-19 patients.Methods: This was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. All COVID-19 patients positive on reverse transcriptase–polymerase chain reaction (RTPCR) test who were admitted in this dedicated COVID hospital (DCH) in April to July 2020 and with definite outcome (death or discharge) till end of September 2020 were included in this study. To explore the risk factors associated with in-hospital death univariate and multivariate logistic regression models were used.Results: Of the 6195 patients, 450 (7.26%) died. Age 40-60 years [AOR (CI)=4.53 (2.71-7.58)], age >60 years [AOR (CI)=17.42 (10.55-28.75)], suffering from diabetes mellitus [AOR (CI)=2.08 (1.66-2.6)], cardiovascular diseases [AOR (CI)=1.57 (1.14-2.17)], hypertension [AOR (CI)=1.43 (1.14-1.8)], chronic kidney diseases [AOR (CI)=2.78(2.02-3.82)] were found to be significant predictors of death after adjusting for potential confounders.Conclusions: Age >40 years, diabetes mellitus, cardiovascular diseases, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases are the independent predictors for mortality in COVID-19. These high risk groups should be given special attention for screening and treatment.

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