scholarly journals A dynamic model of personality, schooling, and occupational choice

10.3982/qe890 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 231-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra E. Todd ◽  
Weilong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Dynamic Model ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
White Collar ◽  
Education Policies ◽  
Senior Secondary ◽  
Tuition Subsidy

This paper develops a dynamic model of schooling and occupational choices that incorporates personality traits, as measured by the “big five” traits. The model is estimated using the HILDA dataset from Australia. Personality traits are found to play an important role in explaining education and occupation choices over the lifecycle. Results show that individuals with a comparative advantage in schooling and white‐collar work have, on average, higher cognitive skills and higher personality trait scores. Allowing personality traits to evolve with age and with schooling proves to be important to capturing the heterogeneity in how people respond to educational policies. The estimated model is used to evaluate two education policies: compulsory senior secondary school and a 50% college tuition subsidy. Both policies increase educational attainment and also affect personality traits.

Gender Differences in Earnings Rewards to Personality Traits in Wage-employment and Self-employment Labour Markets

2021 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 204-228
Author(s):  
Ibrahim Mohammed ◽  
Priscilla Twumasi Baffour ◽  
Wassiuw Abdul Rahaman
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
Human Capital ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Self Employment ◽  
Wage Employment ◽  
Wage Equations

In an extensive review of wage determination papers, it is concluded that the standard demographic and human capital factors explain little of earning differentials. Consequently, there is a growing interest among economists to include non-cognitive skills measured by personality traits in recent empirical literature to explain variations in earnings. In a bid to contribute empirical evidence to this strand of literature, this study examines the associations between the Big-Five personality traits (i.e., agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, extraversion and neuroticism) and earnings, using the World Bank’s Skills towards Employment and Productivity (STEP) data on Ghana. The study employed regression techniques to estimate a series of semi-logarithmic wage equations that include demographic and human capital factors and the Big-Five personality traits to determine how important these factors are in explaining wage and self-employment earnings. Furthermore, the estimations of the wage equations are done separately for males and females to highlight any gender differences in the way personality traits contribute to earnings. Findings are largely consistent with the literature but uniquely demonstrate that in a power-distant culture like Ghana, where, traditionally, girl-child education has been relegated to the background, agreeable females, and not males, are rewarded in the formal wage employment labour market. However, in the informal self-employment labour market, conscientious males, and not females, are positively rewarded with higher earnings. These unique findings contribute to our understanding of the gender differences in the relative importance of non-cognitive skills in the formal and informal labour markets. JEL Codes: J31, J24

What is a good worker? Non-cognitive skills and trade microenterprises’ success

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 986-1003
Author(s):  
Edgar P. Alva
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Professional Growth ◽  
Design Methodology ◽  
Contemporary Literature ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Practical Implications

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to identify the principal qualities that define a good worker for microenterprises of the trade sector according to the contemporary literature of the human capital and associated with the Big Five personality traits. It also determines the effect of those skills over the success of trade microenterprises in the context of a developing country. Design/methodology/approach A total of 393 owners/managers of microenterprises located in six trade zones of Lima district in Peru were involved in this study. They were randomly selected and asked to answer a survey of perceptions about the microenterprise’s performance and workers’ behavior. Findings The results demonstrate that workers that possess mainly non-cognitive skills would be considered as good workers for trade microenterprises. These skills are associated with four of the Big Five personality traits: extraversion, agreeableness, openness or autonomy and conscientiousness. Also, the results show that punctuality, honesty and assertiveness, associated with the traits such as extraversion, agreeableness and conscientiousness, are the principal non-cognitive skills that impact positively over microenterprises’ success. Research limitations/implications The performance of workers is only based on owners/managers’ perceptions. Practical implications The owners/managers’ role is important to help workers to develop the necessary skills that can contribute to the microenterprise. In that sense, if the direct contact that exists between them is leveraged, owners/managers could implement strategies such as mentoring to promote the personal and professional growth of their workers. Originality/value This study provides useful information about how specific non-cognitive skills of workers can contribute to the success of trade microenterprises in developing countries like Peru.

scholarly journals Big Five Personality Traits as Predictors of Systems Thinking Ability of Upper Secondary School Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (S1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samsilah Roslan ◽  
Syaza Hasan ◽  
Zeinab Zaremohzzabieh ◽  
Nurazidawati Mohamad Arsad
Keyword(s):  
Secondary School ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Systems Thinking ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Secondary School Students ◽  
System Thinking ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Upper Secondary School ◽  
School Students ◽  
Upper Secondary

Developing system thinking skills among secondary school students has been set as an educational goal for years. The emerging properties of a system have recently been influenced by the characteristics of each student. Thus, this study examines the Big Five personality traits as predictors of Malaysian school students‘ systems thinking. Quantitative data was obtained using a standardized questionnaire with established scales (the Goldberg’ International Personality Item Pool and the Systems Thinking Scale) from 196 upper secondary school students. The results indicate that personality traits affect secondary students‘ system thinking, and almost thirty percent of the variation in the Malaysian system thinking skill can be elucidated by its sub-domains. Although agreeableness has superior impacts on systems thinking, extraversion seems to have less importance on their systems thinking. The results also reveal the negative association between extraversion and neuroticism and systems thinking. We conclude that certain personality traits can improve systems thinking and promote students’ ability to solve complex problems. The implications of these findings for the enhancement of systems thinking among school students are discussed.

scholarly journals A Comparative Study on Personality Traits Based on High and Low Level of Resilience of High School Female Students

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
. Sonam ◽  
Dr. Malika Sharma ◽  
Lalit Sharma
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Openness To Experience ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Senior Secondary School ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Senior Secondary

Aims: The Purpose of the current study was to compare personality traits of high school female students based on their Resilience level.. Place and Duration of Study: Government Girls Senior Secondary School No1 JJColony Bawana, Delhi, India, on 3rd Feb 2020. Methodology: This is a comparative study with a quantitative research design involving 85 (eighty-five) female students, age ranges between 16-18 years (mean age 17.43 years) studying in class XII (humanities stream), from Sec- A, B and C from Government Girls Senior Secondary School No. 1 JJColony Bawana, Delhi were randomly selected as a sample of research. Every odd roll no student (Roll no. 1,3,5,7…) from Sec- A, B and C from GGSSS No. 1 JJC Bawana, Delhi were randomly selected as a sample of research. The standardized questionnaires of the Big Five Personality Test and Ego Resilience Scale were used as the tool of the study. The data was collected using both the questionnaires and interpreted using an Independent sample t-test at a significance level p<0.05. Results: All 85 high school female students filled both of the questionnaires and in accordance with the findings of the analysis it was established that the average scores of resilient students in the extroversion (t (83)= 6.28, P=.00), openness to experience (t(83)=8.54, P=.00), agreeableness (t(83)=10.48, P=.00) and conscientiousness (t(83)=11.34, P=.00) were higher than non-resilient students. Just the mean scores of resilient students in neuroticism (t(83)= -6.71, P=.00) were lower than the mean scores of non-resilient students.  Conclusion: It is evident from the results that students with high Extroversion, Agreeableness, Conscientiousness, and Openness to Experience personality traits have higher resilience which helps them to recover from any obstacle and support them to approach new circumstances, people, or experiences with a positive mindset and confidence which ultimately will help them succeed.

scholarly journals An Improved Assessment of Personality Traits in Software Engineering

10.28945/3164 ◽  
2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adesina Sodiya ◽  
H. O. D. Longe ◽  
Adebukola Onashoga ◽  
Oludele Awodele ◽  
L. O. Omotosho
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Effective Interactions ◽  
Research Survey ◽  
Five Factors ◽  
On Line ◽  
Software Engineers ◽  
Trait Factors

The success or otherwise of Software Engineering (SE) activities depends on the interactions among software engineers. Consequently, effective interactions depend largely on personality traits, which is a consistent and long-lasting tendency in behaviour. In psychology, five major trait factors (The Big Five Factors) have been generally used to assess personality of people. But, these might not be adequate in SE because of the required technical and cognitive skills. In this work, we first present Cognitive Ability as an additional factor that must be measured in order to adequately assess personality in SE. A research survey was conducted in order to capture personality requirements in SE. Based on the result of the survey conducted, we develop a model for assessing personality traits in SE. We then design an assessment technique that is based on responses to some well-structured and deductive on-line questions. The implementation of the model using Visual Basic resulted in a much-needed tool that can guide intending software engineers in choosing area of specialization in SE based on their personality traits.

scholarly journals Personality and occupational specialty

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (3) ◽  
pp. 262-278 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephen A Woods ◽  
Fiona C Patterson ◽  
Bart Wille ◽  
Anna Koczwara
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Occupational Choice ◽  
Career Guidance ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Specialty Choice ◽  
Junior Doctors ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Specialty Selection

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to re-examine the role of personality in occupational specialty choice, to better understand how and in what ways personality traits might influence vocational development after a person has chosen a career. Design/methodology/approach – The study tested hypotheses in a sample of UK medical students, each of whom had chosen their specialty pathway, and completed a measure of the Big Five personality traits. Associations of the junior doctor’s Big Five personality traits with the Holland’s realistic, investigative, artistic, social, enterprising, conventional (RIASEC) profiles of their medical specialty selections (derived from the O*NET database) were examined. Findings – Findings provided good support for the hypotheses. Junior doctors’ agreeableness (with social) and neuroticism (with realistic, artistic and enterprising) were the main predictors of the RIASEC profiles of their specialty selections. Research limitations/implications – The findings suggest that personality traits influence specialty selection in predictable ways, and differently compared to occupational choice. The paper discusses findings within a theoretical framework that explains how and why trait influences on within occupational specialty selection differ from influences on occupational interest and choice more broadly. The potential mechanisms underlying these associations are explored in the context of motivational aspects of agreeableness and neuroticism. Practical implications – Within-occupation specialties should feature in career guidance discussions and interventions more explicitly to enable people to decide whether occupational specialties are available that appeal to their individual differences. Originality/value – This is the first study to examine the relations of personality and occupational specialty through the lens of the RIASEC model, and the first to propose cross-occupation theoretical pathways from personality to specialty choice. The data from the field of medicine enable us to test the propositions in a suitably diverse set of occupational specialties.

Individual Differences in Students' Preferences for Lecturers' Personalities

2005 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 176-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adrian Furnham ◽  
Tomas Chamorro-Premuzic
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Student Ratings ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Personality Profile ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Intelligence Scores ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract. This study examines the relationship between students' personality and intelligence scores with their preferences for the personality profile of their lecturers. Student ratings (N = 136) of 30 lecturer trait characteristics were coded into an internally reliable Big Five taxonomy ( Costa & McCrae, 1992 ). Descriptive statistics showed that, overall, students tended to prefer conscientious, open, and stable lecturers, though correlations revealed that these preferences were largely a function of students' own personality traits. Thus, open students preferred open lecturers, while agreeable students preferred agreeable lecturers. There was evidence of a similarity effect for both Agreeableness and Openness. In addition, less intelligent students were more likely to prefer agreeable lecturers than their more intelligent counterparts were. A series of regressions showed that individual differences are particularly good predictors of preferences for agreeable lecturers, and modest, albeit significant, predictors of preferences for open and neurotic lecturers. Educational and vocational implications are considered.

Intelligence and Personality

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 124-132
Author(s):  
Marc-André Bédard ◽  
Yann Le Corff
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Original Study ◽  
Life Assessment ◽  
Big Five Personality ◽  
Verbal Intelligence ◽  
Nonverbal Intelligence ◽  
French Canadian

Abstract. This replication and extension of DeYoung, Quilty, Peterson, and Gray’s (2014) study aimed to assess the unique variance of each of the 10 aspects of the Big Five personality traits ( DeYoung, Quilty, & Peterson, 2007 ) associated with intelligence and its dimensions. Personality aspects and intelligence were assessed in a sample of French-Canadian adults from real-life assessment settings ( n = 213). Results showed that the Intellect aspect was independently associated with g, verbal, and nonverbal intelligence while its counterpart Openness was independently related to verbal intelligence only, thus replicating the results of the original study. Independent associations were also found between Withdrawal, Industriousness and Assertiveness aspects and verbal intelligence, as well as between Withdrawal and Politeness aspects and nonverbal intelligence. Possible explanations for these associations are discussed.

Personality of Clown Doctors

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Dionigi
Keyword(s):  
General Population ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Normal Population ◽  
Big Five Personality Traits ◽  
Published Data ◽  
Big Five Personality

Abstract. In recent years, both professional and volunteer clowns have become familiar in health settings. The clown represents a peculiar humorist’s character, strictly associated with the performer’s own personality. In this study, the Big Five personality traits (BFI) of 155 Italian clown doctors (130 volunteers and 25 professionals) were compared to published data for the normal population. This study highlighted specific differences between clown doctors and the general population: Clown doctors showed higher agreeableness, conscientiousness, openness, and extraversion, as well as lower neuroticism compared to other people. Moreover, specific differences emerged comparing volunteers and professionals: Professional clowns showed significantly lower in agreeableness compared to their unpaid colleagues. The results are also discussed with reference to previous studies conducted on groups of humorists. Clowns’ personalities showed some peculiarities that can help to explain the facility for their performances in the health setting and that are different than those of other groups of humorists.

The Interdependence of Personality and Satisfaction in Couples

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 284-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Weidmann ◽  
Thomas Ledermann ◽  
Alexander Grob
Keyword(s):  
Relationship Satisfaction ◽  
Personality Traits ◽  
Big Five ◽  
Gender Effects ◽  
Big Five Traits ◽  
Personality Similarity ◽  
Interpersonal Effects

Abstract. Personality has been found to play an important role in predicting satisfaction in couples. This review presents dyadic research on the association between Big Five traits and both life and relationship satisfaction in couples focusing on self-reported personality, partner-perceived personality (how the partner rates one’s own personality), and personality similarity. Furthermore, special attention is given to possible gender effects. The findings indicate the importance of self-reported as well as partner-perceived reported personality for the satisfaction of both partners. Specifically, the majority of studies found intrapersonal and interpersonal effects for neuroticism, agreeableness, and conscientiousness on life or relationship satisfaction. For the partner-perceived personality, intrapersonal and interpersonal effects were present for all Big Five traits. Partners’ similarity in personality traits seems not to be related with their satisfaction when controlling for partners’ personality.

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