Review of Open Source Software (OSS)

2012 ◽  
pp. 26-40
Author(s):  
Bhasker Mukerji ◽  
Ramaraj Palanisamy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Large Pool ◽  
Public Sector Organizations

The popularity of Open Source Software (OSS) in developing countries is quiet evident from its widespread adoption across government departments and public sector organizations. The use of OSS saves economic resources of cash starved countries, provides an opportunity to promote e-government, and to utilize their resources in other sectors. Many developing countries have a large pool of skilled developers who can modify the source code of the OSS at a very low cost. Many governments in developing and developed countries have switched to OSS which probably encourages others to follow the trend. It was not possible to follow the adoption trend in all the developing countries but the usage of OSS in countries like India, Brazil, and Venezuela provides us an insight. The successful adoption of OSS requires thorough analysis of its advantages as well as the issues associated with it. This chapter will provide an overview of OSS, characteristics of OSS developers, and their motivation to volunteer by contributing in OSS projects, followed by the advantages and issues associated with OSS.

Review of Open Source Software (OSS)

2011 ◽  
pp. 198-212
Author(s):  
Bhasker Mukerji ◽  
Ramaraj Palanisamy
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Resources ◽  
Large Pool ◽  
Public Sector Organizations

The popularity of Open Source Software (OSS) in developing countries is quiet evident from its widespread adoption across government departments and public sector organizations. The use of OSS saves economic resources of cash starved countries, provides an opportunity to promote e-government, and to utilize their resources in other sectors. Many developing countries have a large pool of skilled developers who can modify the source code of the OSS at a very low cost. Many governments in developing and developed countries have switched to OSS which probably encourages others to follow the trend. It was not possible to follow the adoption trend in all the developing countries but the usage of OSS in countries like India, Brazil, and Venezuela provides us an insight. The successful adoption of OSS requires thorough analysis of its advantages as well as the issues associated with it. This chapter will provide an overview of OSS, characteristics of OSS developers, and their motivation to volunteer by contributing in OSS projects, followed by the advantages and issues associated with OSS.

scholarly journals A review of Open Source Software and Open Source Movement in Developing Countries

2011 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
Shyamalendu Kandar ◽  
Sourav Mondal ◽  
Palash Ray
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Free Software ◽  
Commercial Software ◽  
Large Organization ◽  
Software License ◽  
Indian Perspective

Open-source software abbreviated as OSS is computer software that is available with source code and is provided under a software license that permits users to study, change, and improve the software. For the commercial software the source code and certain other rights are normally reserved for copyright holders,i.e. the company who developes the software. A group of people in a collaborative manner often developes the Open source software, not under the roof of a large organization. This strategy makes open source software cheap, reliable and modifiable if needed. In this context we shall discuss mainly the features of Open Source Software, differences of open source and free software and open source software movement in Indian perspective.

scholarly journals Use of Free and Open-Source Software (FOSS) in the U.S. Department of Defense

2003 ◽  
Vol 2003 (01) ◽  
pp. 0102
Author(s):  
Terry Bollinger
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Department Of Defense ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Leading Edge ◽  
Cyber Attacks ◽  
Software Analysis ◽  
The U.S

This report documents the results of a study by The MITRE Corporation on the use of free and open-source software (FOSS) in the U.S. Department of Defense (DoD). FOSS gives users the right to run, copy, distribute, study, change, and improve it as they see fit, without asking permission or making fiscal payments to any external group or person. The study showed that FOSS provides substantial benefits to DoD security, infrastructure support, software development, and research. Given the openness of its source code, the finding that FOSS profoundly benefits security was both counterintuitive and instructive. Banning FOSS in DoD would remove access to exceptionally well-verified infrastructure components such as OpenBSD and robust network and software analysis tools needed to detect and respond to cyber-attacks. Finally, losing the hands-on source code accessibility of FOSS source code would reduce DoD’s ability to respond rapidly to cyberattacks. In short, banning FOSS would have immediate, broad, and strongly negative impacts on the DoD’s ability to defend the U.S. against cyberattacks. For infrastructure support, the deep historical ties between FOSS and the emergence of the Internet mean that removing FOSS applications would strongly negatively impact the DoD’s ability to support web and Internet-based applications. Software development would be hit especially hard due to many leading-edge and broadly used tools being FOSS. Finally, the loss of access to low-cost data processing tools and the inability to share results in the more potent form of executable FOSS software would seriously and negatively impact nearly all forms of scientific and data-driven research.

scholarly journals MONITORING SDG 9 WITH GLOBAL OPEN DATA AND OPEN SOFTWARE – A CASE STUDY FROM RURAL TANZANIA

2019 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W13 ◽  
pp. 1551-1558 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. M. Ilie ◽  
M. A. Brovelli ◽  
S. Coetzee
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Geospatial Information ◽  
Training Material ◽  
Educational Challenges ◽  
The World

<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> The 17 goals adopted by the United Nations (UN) are aimed at achieving a better and more sustainable future for all. For each goal, a set of indicators has been defined. The indicators measure progress towards achieving the respective SDG. For the majority of these indicators, geospatial information is needed to evaluate the current state of the indicator. While geospatial information is largely available in developed countries, this is not the case in many developing countries of the world. Furthermore, skills and capacity for calculating indicator values are also limited in many developing countries. To address these shortcomings, the third challenge of the 2018 UN OSGeo Committee Educational Challenges called for the development of training material for using open source software together with freely available high resolution global geospatial datasets in support of monitoring SDG progress. The resulting training material provides a step-by-step guide for calculating the state of SDG indicator 9.1.1, <i>Proportion of the rural population who live within 2km of an all-season road</i>, using open software and open data with global coverage. Through the development of this training material, we showed that anyone can monitor progress towards achieving SDG indicator 9.1.1 for their specific part of the world. Because open source software and open data were used, the indicator calculation is cost effective and completely sustainable.</p>

scholarly journals Open Plot Project: an open-source toolkit for 3-D structural data analysis

Solid Earth ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Tavani ◽  
P. Arbues ◽  
M. Snidero ◽  
N. Carrera ◽  
J. A. Muñoz
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Structural Data ◽  
Geological Modelling ◽  
Analysis Tools ◽  
Transect Analysis ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract. In this work we present the Open Plot Project, an open-source software for structural data analysis, including a 3-D environment. The software includes many classical functionalities of structural data analysis tools, like stereoplot, contouring, tensorial regression, scatterplots, histograms and transect analysis. In addition, efficient filtering tools are present allowing the selection of data according to their attributes, including spatial distribution and orientation. This first alpha release represents a stand-alone toolkit for structural data analysis. The presence of a 3-D environment with digitalising tools allows the integration of structural data with information extracted from georeferenced images to produce structurally validated dip domains. This, coupled with many import/export facilities, allows easy incorporation of structural analyses in workflows for 3-D geological modelling. Accordingly, Open Plot Project also candidates as a structural add-on for 3-D geological modelling software. The software (for both Windows and Linux O.S.), the User Manual, a set of example movies (complementary to the User Manual), and the source code are provided as Supplement. We intend the publication of the source code to set the foundation for free, public software that, hopefully, the structural geologists' community will use, modify, and implement. The creation of additional public controls/tools is strongly encouraged.

scholarly journals Merging a Remote Microscope and Virtual Worlds: Teaching Kingdom Plantae on Basic Education

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (04) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Caroline Porto Antonio ◽  
João Paulo Lima ◽  
João Bosco Alves ◽  
Juarez Bento Silva ◽  
José Pedro Simão
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Science Teaching ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Virtual Worlds ◽  
Basic Education ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Virtual Learning Environment ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Plant Parts

This paper presents an educational tool based on open source software and low cost hardware to supplement science teaching, merging concepts of remote experiment, virtual worlds and virtual learning environment. Using an avatar, students can move around in an enriched environment and access a remote microscope that enables visualization of plant parts and interaction with the available samples.

scholarly journals Public Sector Finances as Determinants of Private Investment in PPP Projects – Experiences from Select Countries

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Satinder Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Public Sector ◽  
Private Sector ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Financial Health ◽  
Indian States ◽  
Checks And Balances ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
The Public

Public-Private Partnership (PPP) projects have been gaining in popularity in many developing countries along with developed countries. While there has been sufficient research on private sector capacity to make the partnership successful, not much research exists on the importance of the financial health of the public sector in PPP projects. The premise of the current research is that strong public sector finances instil confidence in the private sector of governments’ ability to honour PPP commitments and that, in turn, increases the attractiveness of PPP projects. Through a number of case studies relating to government finances of Indian states and other countries, it is seen that governments which have checks and balances to issuance of guarantees and other forms of indirect support for PPP projects are actually able to attract higher levels of PPP investment.

Adoption of Open Source Software in Libraries in Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
pp. 520-531
Author(s):  
Josiline Phiri Chigwada
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Digital Libraries ◽  
Economic Cooperation ◽  
Electronic Information ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Modern Library ◽  
Training Programmes ◽  
The University

A survey on the adoption of open source software in libraries in developing countries was conducted. An online questionnaire was sent to Indian Technical and Economic Cooperation (ITEC) and Special Commonwealth Assistance for Africa (SCAAP) participants for the Advanced Certificate Course in Modern Library Practices and the Lib@web participants of the Management of Electronic Information and Digital Libraries programme at the University of Antwerp in Belgium. The ITEC/SCAAP programme is sponsored by Government of India while the Lib@web programme is sponsored by Flemish Interuniversity Council – Belgian Development Council (VLIR-OUS). The data was collected from 31 librarians who attended these training programmes. The findings revealed that most libraries in developing countries which sent participants to these programmes have adopted open source software. The author recommends that librarians should continue upgrading their skills so that they are conversant with how the various open source software can be used in their institutions.

Key Concepts and Definitions of Open Source Communities

2010 ◽  
pp. 753-760
Author(s):  
Ruben van Wendel de Joode ◽  
Sebastian Spaeth
Keyword(s):  
Software Development ◽  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Online Communities ◽  
Source Code ◽  
Professional Organizations ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Open Source Communities ◽  
Do So

Most open source software is developed in online communities. These communities are typically referred to as “open source software communities” or “OSS communities.” In OSS communities, the source code, which is the human-readable part of software, is treated as something that is open and that should be downloadable and modifiable to anyone who wishes to do so. The availability of the source code has enabled a practice of decentralized software development in which large numbers of people contribute time and effort. Communities like Linux and Apache, for instance, have been able to connect thousands of individual programmers and professional organizations (although most project communities remain relatively small). These people and organizations are not confined to certain geographical places; on the contrary, they come from literally all continents and they interact and collaborate virtually.

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