Design Models for Resource Allocation in Cyber-Physical Energy Systems

2012 ◽  
pp. 111-130
Author(s):  
Prakash Ranganathan ◽  
Kendall Nygard
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Physical Energy ◽  
Smart Control ◽  
Partially Observable

Today’s and tomorrow’s smart grid systems are made more efficient, cleaner, and reliable by “smart” control mechanisms and decision models that deliver information to consumers so they can better manage energy resources. The rapidly changing needs and opportunities of today’s electric grid market require unprecedented levels of interoperability to integrate diverse information systems to share knowledge and collaborate among sub-devices or sub-systems in the grid. This book chapter focuses on optimal mathematical models for resource allocation. A series of mathematical models is presented in this book chapter for solving large-scale energy allocation problems with partially observable states, utility functions, and constrained action is introduced. The authors’ techniques use a Linear Programming (LP) approach to determine resource allocations among a set of fuzzy rules that allocates Distributed Energy Resources (DER’s) or power sources/sinks and uses to determine improving resource management.

Providing Quantitative Scalability Improvement of Consistency Control for Large-Scale, Replication-Based Grid Systems

2011 ◽  
pp. 91-111
Author(s):  
Yijun Lu ◽  
Hong Jiang ◽  
Ying Lu
Keyword(s):  
Response Time ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Communication Overhead ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Test Bed ◽  
Consistency Maintenance ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Consistency Control ◽  
Lab Test

Consistency control is important in replication-based-Grid systems because it provides QoS guarantee. However, conventional consistency control mechanisms incur high communication overhead and are ill suited for large-scale dynamic Grid systems. In this chapter, the authors propose CVRetrieval (Consistency View Retrieval) to provide quantitative scalability improvement of consistency control for large-scale, replication-based Grid systems. Based on the observation that not all participants are equally active or engaged in distributed online collaboration, CVRetrieval differentiates the notions of consistency maintenance and consistency retrieval. Here, consistency maintenance implies a protocol that periodically communicates with all participants to maintain a certain consistency level; and consistency retrieval means that passive participants explicitly request consistent views from the system when the need arises in stead of joining the expensive consistency maintenance protocol all the time. The rationale is that it is much more cost-effective to satisfy a passive participant’s need on-demand. The evaluation of CVRetrieval is done in two parts. First, by analyzing its scalability and the result shows that CVRetrieval can greatly reduce communication cost and hence make consistency control more scalable. Second, a prototype of CVRetrieval is deployed on the Planet-Lab test-bed and the results show that the active participants experience a short response time at expense of the passive participants that may encounter a longer response time.

CAPM Indexed Hybrid E-Negotiation for Resource Allocation in Grid Computing

2013 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashiqur Md. Rahman ◽  
Rashedur M Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Grid Computing ◽  
Dynamic Pricing ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Service Providers ◽  
Computational Grids ◽  
Grid Environment ◽  
Expected Return ◽  
Grid Systems ◽  
Equilibrium Relationship

Computational Grids are a promising platform for executing large-scale resource intensive applications. This paper identifies challenges in managing resources in a Grid computing environment and proposes computational economy as a metaphor for effective management of resources and application scheduling. It identifies distributed resource management challenges and requirements of economy-based Grid systems, and proposes an economy based negotiation system protocol for cooperative and competitive trading of resources. Dynamic pricing for services and good level of Pareto optimality make auctions more attractive for resource allocation over other economic models. In a complex Grid environment, the communication demand can become a bottleneck; that is, a number of messages need to be exchanged for matching suitable service providers and consumers. The Fuzzy Trust integrated hybrid Capital Asset Pricing Model (CAPM) shows the higher user centric satisfaction and provides the equilibrium relationship between the expected return and risk on investments. This paper also presents an analysis on the communication requirements and the necessity of the CAPMAuction in Grid environment.

Assessment of bioenergy development potential in agricultural enterprises

2020 ◽  
pp. 165-171
Author(s):  
Iryna Hryhoruk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
General Structure ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Renewable Energy Resources ◽  
Energy Potential

Exhaustion of traditional energy resources, their uneven geographical location, and catastrophic changes in the environment necessitate the transition to renewable energy resources. Moreover, Ukraine's economy is critically dependent on energy exports, and in some cases, the dependence is not only economic but also political, which in itself poses a threat to national security. One of the ways to solve this problem is the large-scale introduction and use of renewable energy resources, bioenergy in particular. The article summarizes and offers methods for assessing the energy potential of agriculture. In our country, a significant amount of biomass is produced every year, which remains unused. A significant part is disposed of due to incineration, which significantly harms the environment and does not allow earning additional funds. It is investigated that the bioenergy potential of agriculture depends on the geographical distribution and varies in each region of Ukraine. Studies have shown that as of 2019 the smallest share in the total amount of conventional fuel that can be obtained from agricultural waste and products suitable for energy production accounts for Zakarpattya region - 172.5 thousand tons. (0.5% of the total) and Chernivtsi region - 291.3 thousand tons. (0.9%). Poltava region has the greatest potential - 2652.2 thousand tons. (7.8%) and Vinnytsia - 2623.7 thousand tons. (7.7%). It should be noted that the use of the energy potential of biomass in Ukraine can be called unsatisfactory. The share of biomass in the provision of primary energy consumption is very small. For bioenergy to occupy its niche in the general structure of the agro-industrial complex, it is necessary to develop mechanisms for its stimulation. In addition, an effective strategy for the development of the bioenergy sector of agriculture is needed. The article considers the general energy potential of agriculture, its indicative structure. The analysis is also made in terms of areas. In addition, an economic assessment of the possible use of existing potential is identified.

Large-scale wetland-restoration of the Ronde Venen, The Netherlands

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (8) ◽  
pp. 197-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. L. Bijlmakers ◽  
E. O. A. M. de Swart
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Wetland Restoration ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Major Elements ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Important Criterion ◽  
Spatial Strategy ◽  
Hydrological Characteristics ◽  
Spatial Composition

For the area of the Ronde Venen a plan for large-scale wetland-restoration and improvement of the water quality was developed. Major elements of the developed spatial strategy are the optimal use of the specific hydrological and ecological characteristics of the area. Based on regional hydrological characteristics within the study area hydrological sub-units were distinguished by connecting discharge and recharge areas. In this way the intake of polluted surface water from outside the area could be minimized, with an optimal use of specific local differences in water quality. Two scenarios were developed and evaluated using hydrological, hydrochemical and ecological models. The scenarios differed in spatial composition and the way the water level was manipulated. In order to optimize water quality, natural and artificial pollution control mechanisms were implemented as well. An important criterion for the evaluation was the extent to which the scenarios succeeded in optimizing conditions for the realization of the ecological goals. The most promising and acceptable scenario has been worked out in further detail.

scholarly journals Resource Allocation in Large-Scale Wireless Control Systems with Graph Neural Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 2634-2641
Author(s):  
Vinicius Lima ◽  
Mark Eisen ◽  
Konstatinos Gatsis ◽  
Alejandro Ribeiro
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Control Systems ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Wireless Control ◽  
Graph Neural Networks

scholarly journals Resource allocation in the Covid-19 health crisis: are Covid-19 preventive measures consistent with the Rule of Rescue?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julian W. März ◽  
Søren Holm ◽  
Michael Schlander
Keyword(s):  
Resource Allocation ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Risk Groups ◽  
Healthcare Resources ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Rule Of Rescue ◽  
Post War ◽  
Vaccination Campaigns ◽  
N95 Respirators

AbstractThe Covid-19 pandemic has led to a health crisis of a scale unprecedented in post-war Europe. In response, a large amount of healthcare resources have been redirected to Covid-19 preventive measures, for instance population-wide vaccination campaigns, large-scale SARS-CoV-2 testing, and the large-scale distribution of protective equipment (e.g., N95 respirators) to high-risk groups and hospitals and nursing homes. Despite the importance of these measures in epidemiological and economic terms, health economists and medical ethicists have been relatively silent about the ethical rationales underlying the large-scale allocation of healthcare resources to these measures. The present paper seeks to encourage this debate by demonstrating how the resource allocation to Covid-19 preventive measures can be understood through the paradigm of the Rule of Rescue, without claiming that the Rule of Rescue is the sole rationale of resource allocation in the Covid-19 pandemic.

Attention Biases Visual Activity in Visual Short-term Memory

2014 ◽  
Vol 26 (7) ◽  
pp. 1377-1389 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bo-Cheng Kuo ◽  
Mark G. Stokes ◽  
Alexandra M. Murray ◽  
Anna Christina Nobre
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Short Term Memory ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Visual Activity ◽  
Visual Short Term Memory ◽  
Large Scale Network ◽  
Visual Areas ◽  
Scale Network

In the current study, we tested whether representations in visual STM (VSTM) can be biased via top–down attentional modulation of visual activity in retinotopically specific locations. We manipulated attention using retrospective cues presented during the retention interval of a VSTM task. Retrospective cues triggered activity in a large-scale network implicated in attentional control and led to retinotopically specific modulation of activity in early visual areas V1–V4. Importantly, shifts of attention during VSTM maintenance were associated with changes in functional connectivity between pFC and retinotopic regions within V4. Our findings provide new insights into top–down control mechanisms that modulate VSTM representations for flexible and goal-directed maintenance of the most relevant memoranda.

scholarly journals Rapid evolution at the Drosophila telomere: transposable element dynamics at an intrinsically unstable locus

Genetics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 217 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael P McGurk ◽  
Anne-Marie Dion-Côté ◽  
Daniel A Barbash
Keyword(s):  
Copy Number ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Insertion Site ◽  
Rapid Evolution ◽  
Interspecific Variation ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Evolutionary Strategy ◽  
Control Mechanisms ◽  
Genetic Conflict ◽  
Number Variation

AbstractDrosophila telomeres have been maintained by three families of active transposable elements (TEs), HeT-A, TAHRE, and TART, collectively referred to as HTTs, for tens of millions of years, which contrasts with an unusually high degree of HTT interspecific variation. While the impacts of conflict and domestication are often invoked to explain HTT variation, the telomeres are unstable structures such that neutral mutational processes and evolutionary tradeoffs may also drive HTT evolution. We leveraged population genomic data to analyze nearly 10,000 HTT insertions in 85  Drosophila melanogaster genomes and compared their variation to other more typical TE families. We observe that occasional large-scale copy number expansions of both HTTs and other TE families occur, highlighting that the HTTs are, like their feral cousins, typically repressed but primed to take over given the opportunity. However, large expansions of HTTs are not caused by the runaway activity of any particular HTT subfamilies or even associated with telomere-specific TE activity, as might be expected if HTTs are in strong genetic conflict with their hosts. Rather than conflict, we instead suggest that distinctive aspects of HTT copy number variation and sequence diversity largely reflect telomere instability, with HTT insertions being lost at much higher rates than other TEs elsewhere in the genome. We extend previous observations that telomere deletions occur at a high rate, and surprisingly discover that more than one-third do not appear to have been healed with an HTT insertion. We also report that some HTT families may be preferentially activated by the erosion of whole telomeres, implying the existence of HTT-specific host control mechanisms. We further suggest that the persistent telomere localization of HTTs may reflect a highly successful evolutionary strategy that trades away a stable insertion site in order to have reduced impact on the host genome. We propose that HTT evolution is driven by multiple processes, with niche specialization and telomere instability being previously underappreciated and likely predominant.

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