Seizing Electronic Evidence from Cloud Computing Environments

2013 ◽  
pp. 156-185 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josiah Dykstra
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
The United States ◽  
Search And Seizure ◽  
Defense Attorneys ◽  
Electronic Evidence ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Electronic Discovery ◽  
Search Warrant

Despite a growing adoption of cloud computing, law enforcement and the judicial system are unprepared to prosecute cloud-based crimes. This chapter illuminates legal problems in the United States for electronic discovery and digital forensics arising from cloud computing and argues that cloud computing challenges the process and product of electronic discovery. The researchers investigate how to obtain forensic evidence from cloud computing using the legal process by surveying the existing statues and recent cases applicable to cloud forensics. A hypothetical case study of child pornography being hosted in the Cloud illustrates the difficulty in acquiring evidence for cloud-related crimes. For the first time, a sample search warrant is presented that could be used in this case study, and which provides sample language for agents and prosecutors who wish to obtain a warrant authorizing the search and seizure of data from cloud computing environments. The chapter concludes by taking a contrasting view and discusses how defense attorneys might be able to challenge cloud-derived evidence in court.

Seizing Electronic Evidence from Cloud Computing Environments

2015 ◽  
pp. 2033-2062
Author(s):  
Josiah Dykstra
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
The United States ◽  
Search And Seizure ◽  
Defense Attorneys ◽  
Electronic Evidence ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Electronic Discovery ◽  
Search Warrant

Despite a growing adoption of cloud computing, law enforcement and the judicial system are unprepared to prosecute cloud-based crimes. This chapter illuminates legal problems in the United States for electronic discovery and digital forensics arising from cloud computing and argues that cloud computing challenges the process and product of electronic discovery. The researchers investigate how to obtain forensic evidence from cloud computing using the legal process by surveying the existing statues and recent cases applicable to cloud forensics. A hypothetical case study of child pornography being hosted in the Cloud illustrates the difficulty in acquiring evidence for cloud-related crimes. For the first time, a sample search warrant is presented that could be used in this case study, and which provides sample language for agents and prosecutors who wish to obtain a warrant authorizing the search and seizure of data from cloud computing environments. The chapter concludes by taking a contrasting view and discusses how defense attorneys might be able to challenge cloud-derived evidence in court.

Constitutional Law in 1920–1921. II: The Constitutional Decisions of the Supreme Court of the United States in the October Term, 1920

1922 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 228-244
Author(s):  
Edward S. Corwin
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
The United States ◽  
Search And Seizure ◽  
Evidential Value ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
Constitutional Decisions ◽  
The Government ◽  
Search Warrant ◽  
The Right

The “self-incrimination” clause of the Fifth Amendment was brought forward in five cases, in three of which it was attended by the “search and seizure” provisions of the Fourth Amendment. The most important of these cases was Gouled v. the United States, in which the court was asked to pass upon the admissibility in evidence, first, of a paper obtained surreptitiously by officers of the government from the office of the accused; and secondly, of papers, described to be of “evidential value only,” which were taken from the office of accused under a search warrant. The court, declaring that the constitutional provisions involved must receive “a liberal construction, so as to prevent stealthy encroachment upon ‥‥ the rights secured by them,” held that the government had no right to the possession of any of these papers nor to the use of them as evidence. At the same time, it was held that if the government had had the right to seize the papers in question, for instance, as so much contraband property, and had done so under a warrant sufficient in form, “then it would have been competent to use them to prove any crime against accused as to which they constituted relevant evidence.”

scholarly journals Models to evaluate service Provisioning over Cloud Computing Environments - A Blockchain-As-A-Service case study

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 65-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carlos Melo ◽  
Jamilson Dantas ◽  
Ronierison Maciel ◽  
Paulo Silva ◽  
Paulo Maciel
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Cost Benefit ◽  
Service Provisioning ◽  
Evaluation Technique ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
And Control ◽  
A Company ◽  
Deployment Cost

ThestrictnessoftheServiceLevelAgreements(SLAs)ismainlyduetoasetofconstraintsrelated to performance and dependability attributes, such as availability. This paper shows that system’s availability values may be improved by deploying services over a private environment, which may obtain better availability values with improved management, security, and control. However, how much a company needs to afford to keep this improved availability? As an additional activity, this paper compares the obtained availability values with the infrastructure deployment expenses and establishes a cost × benefit relationship. As for the system’s evaluation technique, we choose modeling; while for the service used to demonstrate the models’ feasibility, the blockchain-as-a-service was the selected one. This paper proposes and evaluate four different infrastructures hosting blockchains: (i) baseline; (ii) double redundant; (iii) triple redundant, and (iv) hyper-converged. The obtained results pointed out that the hyper-converged architecture had an advantage over a full triple redundant environment regarding availability and deployment cost.

scholarly journals Police Drones: A Legal Studies Case Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 353
Author(s):  
Benjamin A. Neil ◽  
Benjamin A. Neil II
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Police Department ◽  
The United States ◽  
United States Constitution ◽  
Search And Seizure ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Local Police ◽  
Recent Action ◽  
First Time

This case offers the students the opportunity to apply their knowledge of the Fourth Amendment of the United States Constitution, as it applies to the concept of unreasonable search and seizure. With this particular case problem being based on the recent action involving the defendant, Rodney Brossart and the State of North Dakota, wherein an unmanned military grade drone was used by the local police department, for the first time in the United States, to affect an arrest.

scholarly journals Using Test Clouds to Enable Continuous Integration Testing of Distributed Real-Time and Embedded System Applications

2012 ◽  
pp. 174-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
James H. Hill ◽  
Douglas C. Schmidt
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Embedded System ◽  
Real Time ◽  
System Integration ◽  
Integration Testing ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Enforcement Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact

It is critical to evaluate the quality-of-service (QoS) properties of enterprise distributed real-time and embedded (DRE) system early in their lifecycle—instead of waiting until system integration—to minimize the impact of rework needed to remedy QoS defects. Unfortunately, enterprise DRE system developers and testers often lack the necessary resources to support such testing efforts. This chapter discusses how test clouds (i.e., cloud-computing environments employed for testing) can provide the necessary testing resources. When combined with system execution modeling (SEM) tools, test clouds can provide the necessary toolsets to perform QoS testing earlier in the lifecycle. A case study of design and implementing resource management infrastructure from the domain of shipboard computing environments is used to show how SEM tools and test clouds can help identify defects in system QoS specifications and enforcement mechanisms before they become prohibitively expensive to fix.

Challenges and Cloud Computing Environments Towards Big Data

2014 ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumar S V N Madupu
Keyword(s):  
Data Mining ◽  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Computing Environments ◽  
Modern Technologies

Big Data has terrific influence on scientific discoveries and also value development. This paper presents approaches in data mining and modern technologies in Big Data. Difficulties of data mining as well as data mining with big data are discussed. Some technology development of data mining as well as data mining with big data are additionally presented.

Gendered differences in emigration and mobility perspectives among European researchers working abroad

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elisabeth Scheibelhofer
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
The United States ◽  
Research Strategy ◽  
The Future ◽  
Highly Skilled

This paper focuses on gendered mobilities of highly skilled researchers working abroad. It is based on an empirical qualitative study that explored the mobility aspirations of Austrian scientists who were working in the United States at the time they were interviewed. Supported by a case study, the paper demonstrates how a qualitative research strategy including graphic drawings sketched by the interviewed persons can help us gain a better understanding of the gendered importance of social relations for the future mobility aspirations of scientists working abroad.

‘A Routh O’ Auld Nick-Nackets’ – the antiquarian collection of John Rae

2015 ◽  
Vol 36-37 (1) ◽  
pp. 163-183
Author(s):  
Paul Taylor
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Social Context ◽  
Moral Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Representative Case ◽  
National Museums ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The University

John Rae, a Scottish antiquarian collector and spirit merchant, played a highly prominent role in the local natural history societies and exhibitions of nineteenth-century Aberdeen. While he modestly described his collection of archaeological lithics and other artefacts, principally drawn from Aberdeenshire but including some items from as far afield as the United States, as a mere ‘routh o’ auld nick-nackets' (abundance of old knick-knacks), a contemporary singled it out as ‘the best known in private hands' (Daily Free Press 4/5/91). After Rae's death, Glasgow Museums, National Museums Scotland, the University of Aberdeen Museum and the Pitt Rivers Museum in Oxford, as well as numerous individual private collectors, purchased items from the collection. Making use of historical and archive materials to explore the individual biography of Rae and his collection, this article examines how Rae's collecting and other antiquarian activities represent and mirror wider developments in both the ‘amateur’ antiquarianism carried out by Rae and his fellow collectors for reasons of self-improvement and moral education, and the ‘professional’ antiquarianism of the museums which purchased his artefacts. Considered in its wider nineteenth-century context, this is a representative case study of the early development of archaeology in the wider intellectual, scientific and social context of the era.

Varied Responses to Human-Induced Seismicity in the City of Azle, Texas

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Sarmistha R. Majumdar
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Induced Seismicity ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The State ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Small Community ◽  
Regulatory Policies ◽  
The Status

Fracking has helped to usher in an era of energy abundance in the United States. This advanced drilling procedure has helped the nation to attain the status of the largest producer of crude oil and natural gas in the world, but some of its negative externalities, such as human-induced seismicity, can no longer be ignored. The occurrence of earthquakes in communities located at proximity to disposal wells with no prior history of seismicity has shocked residents and have caused damages to properties. It has evoked individuals’ resentment against the practice of injection of fracking’s wastewater under pressure into underground disposal wells. Though the oil and gas companies have denied the existence of a link between such a practice and earthquakes and the local and state governments have delayed their responses to the unforeseen seismic events, the issue has gained in prominence among researchers, affected community residents, and the media. This case study has offered a glimpse into the varied responses of stakeholders to human-induced seismicity in a small city in the state of Texas. It is evident from this case study that although individuals’ complaints and protests from a small community may not be successful in bringing about statewide changes in regulatory policies on disposal of fracking’s wastewater, they can add to the public pressure on the state government to do something to address the problem in a state that supports fracking.

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