Legislation for Solid Waste Management

Author(s):  
Azhar Abdul Halim ◽  
Siti Hafizan Hassan

The legal and institutional framework, as well as the international trends in solid waste management, serves as the basis for the formulation of a policy framework that seeks to improve solid waste management (SWM) practices in the future. Recently, SWM has become a global concern, especially for urban environments such as Malaysia, whose economy could potentially be adversely affected. To address these issues, the authors has reviewed several laws, including the Federal Constitution 1957; Local Government Act (Act 171) 1976; Town and Country Planning Act (Act 127) 1976; Environmental Quality Act (Act 127) 1974; Street, Drainage, and Building Act (Act 133) 1974; and Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Act 2007. Relevant international norms and principles at the federal, state, and local levels have also been reviewed. Exploring this topic generates an overview of SWM implementation in the context of Malaysia and the rest of the world.

2020 ◽  
pp. 1268-1286
Author(s):  
Azhar Abdul Halim ◽  
Siti Hafizan Hassan

The legal and institutional framework, as well as the international trends in solid waste management, serves as the basis for the formulation of a policy framework that seeks to improve solid waste management (SWM) practices in the future. Recently, SWM has become a global concern, especially for urban environments such as Malaysia, whose economy could potentially be adversely affected. To address these issues, the authors has reviewed several laws, including the Federal Constitution 1957; Local Government Act (Act 171) 1976; Town and Country Planning Act (Act 127) 1976; Environmental Quality Act (Act 127) 1974; Street, Drainage, and Building Act (Act 133) 1974; and Solid Waste and Public Cleansing Management Act 2007. Relevant international norms and principles at the federal, state, and local levels have also been reviewed. Exploring this topic generates an overview of SWM implementation in the context of Malaysia and the rest of the world.


Author(s):  
Joan Mwihaki Nyika ◽  
Ednah Kwamboka Onyari

This chapter uses the DPSIR framework to examine logistical, infrastructural, and operational challenges in SA's SWM system using Buffalo City Municipality as case study. Findings suggest that SWM is an endemic problem in the municipality characterised by a preference to landfill disposal, minimal recycling tendencies, poor waste services, non-enforcement of existent waste regulation, inadequate funding, and non-involvement of urbanites and informal sector in the process. To counter these challenges, BCM has enhanced its financial resources to facilitate scientific landfilling and transit to perceptions of solid waste as a useful good. The municipality has collaborated with local industries and international organizations to synergize efforts to implement state and local waste management plans. For an integrated model of SWM, this review suggests SA and BCM's need to plan innovatively, adopt landfill-mining, plan strategically on all waste cycle aspects, and modify existing regulations to accommodate urbanites and informal waste pickers in the process.


2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2096773
Author(s):  
Florence A Ogutu ◽  
Dennis M Kimata ◽  
Raphael M Kweyu

Partnerships as enshrined in policies are vital for achieving sustainable cities under the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Indeed the SDGs recognize the importance of partnerships in solid waste management (SWM) as a way of developing workable and reliable waste management systems. SWM in Nairobi city continues to be a great challenge, and poor practices threaten environmental and public health. Ineffective waste management in Nairobi city has been linked to inefficient policy implementation and enforcement by different stakeholders. To effectively address the challenge of sustainable waste management in Nairobi city, amalgamation of strategies amongst several segments, including stakeholders, private and public sectors (formal and informal), non-governmental organizations and communities, is important, through partnerships to implement improved policies, in terms of capacity, financial prudence, and technical and institutional factors. The paper seeks to analyse existing policy framework on SWM and its effectiveness in addressing SWM in Nairobi city. The study is based on a descriptive research design which involved interrogating the stakeholders included in the implementation of the policy frameworks in place. Data were acquired through semi-structured questionnaires administered to 385 respondents and interviews with 10 key informants. The theoretical framework is based on institutional theory and capacity building theories that expound the gaps in policy implementation and the role of partnerships. Policies in SWM should be interlinked for sustainable cities.


Author(s):  
Olga Kudryavtseva ◽  
Maria Solodova ◽  
Darya Korenevskaya ◽  
Roza Kutubaeva ◽  
Anna Tishkova ◽  
...  

Solid waste management has become an issue of increasing global concern as urban population continues to rise and consumption patterns change. The paper accesses policy measures undertaken to overcome municipal waste crisis in Moscow. New waste management policy lacks sustainability due to prevalence of landfilling and combustion as well as extensive waste export. The article presents a brief description of the MSW management system in Moscow and proposes a comprehensive management strategy, which is based on the involvement of the participants in relations connected with MSW in the process of processing at all stages of the life cycle of the waste.


1996 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-82 ◽  
Author(s):  
John M. Halstead ◽  
William M. Park

The issue of solid waste management has risen to national prominence in the last decade, fueled by increasing waste disposal costs and changing public attitudes. This situation presents a major opportunity for economists to use their applied microeconomics skills to assist state and local governments manage waste in a cost effective fashion. While findings from formal research efforts may ultimately make their way into the decision-making process, perhaps economists can play an even more significant role in emphasizing the importance of the most basic economic concepts and principles for sound decision making in solid waste management or the many other areas in which local public choices are made. These areas would include at least the following: opportunity cost, marginal analysis of costs and benefits, and the role of economic incentives.


2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (207) ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Antonio Carlos Caetano Junior ◽  
Walter Gonçalves Ferreira Filho

According to Article 225 of the Federal Constitution, all Brazilians have the constitutional right to enjoy a preserved Environment; in this context, Civil Engineering may play a fundamental role if the professionals in the field comply with the rules in force in specific laws. In this way, this article was developed with the general objective - to describe briefly how the solid waste management process in Civil Engineering should be done. Thus, in order to achieve this objective, it was developed using two investigative tools; the bibliographic survey and data collection performed through the use of a questionnaire that was applied to 12 volunteers who undertook to answer it. Therefore, it was evident in this research, how much can be done to comply with the current rules, remembering that this does not compromise the production of companies, according to the data collected in this research, in addition to reducing unnecessary expenses.


Author(s):  
Célia Regina Pereira Rodrigues ◽  
Magali De Moraes Menti

RESÍDUOS SÓLIDOS: GERENCIAMENTO E POLÍTICAS PÚBLICAS FEDERAIS  SOLID WASTE: MANAGEMENT AND FEDERAL PUBLIC POLICIES  Célia Regina Pereira Rodrigues* Magali de Moraes Menti**  RESUMO: Esta pesquisa nasceu da percepção sobre a situação crítica que vivemos em relação à falta de conscientização da população sobre os resíduos sólidos. Apesar de estarmos no século XXI, muito pouco é feito para amenizar, quiçá erradicar a poluição ambiental. Dada a importância do papel do Estado nesta questão, este estudo buscou verificar como o Estado percebe e trabalha a educação ambiental em relação aos resíduos sólidos, em especial, como as políticas públicas estão sendo efetivadas e quais as ações pertinentes vêm sendo desenvolvidas pelo Estado. Para tal, utilizou-se uma abordagem qualitativa, com a utilização de dados secundários, bibliográficos e documentais. A partir do artigo 225, inciso VI da Constituição Federal de 1988, da Lei nº 9.795/99, que dispõe sobre a educação ambiental, e do Decreto nº 4.281/02 que a regulamenta, analisou-se a Lei nº 12.305/10, que instituiu a Política Nacional de Resíduos Sólidos, especificamente no que toca à responsabilidade e suas diretrizes relativas à gestão integrada e ao gerenciamento de resíduos sólidos. Verificou-se que, a partir da Constituição Federal de 1988, o Brasil passou a apresentar uma boa estrutura constitucional de proteção ao meio ambiente. Contudo, constatou-se que é necessário que as normas já estabelecidas sejam aplicadas efetivamente e que os administradores públicos tomem atitudes mais enérgicas quanto à existência de que a sociedade assuma a sua responsabilidade em relação aos problemas ambientais, possibilitando assim, que as futuras gerações possam gozar de uma melhor qualidade de vida. PALAVRAS-CHAVE: Educação Ambiental. Gerenciamento. Logística Reversa. Resíduos Sólidos. Responsabilidade Compartilhada. ABSTRACT: This study arose from the perception of the critical situation we are living concerning the lack of public awareness regarding environmental pollution. Although we are in the 21st century, very little has been developed to mitigate, or eradicate environmental pollution. Given the importance of the state's role in this matter, this study sought to determine how the state perceives and works with environmental education in relation to solid waste, in particular, how public policies are taking effect and what appropriate actions have been taken by the state. To attain this goal, the study followed a qualitative approach with the use of secondary, bibliographic and documentary data. Considering the article 225, section VI of the 1988 Federal Constitution, Law nº. 9.795/99 which addresses environmental education, and the decree nº. 4.281/02, which regulates the aforementioned law, the law nº. 12.305/10 was analyzed. It establishes the National Solid Waste Policy, specifically regarding responsibility and guidelines for integrated management and solid waste management. It was found that after the Federal Constitution of 1988, Brazil has presented a good constitutional framework for environmental protection. However, it was also found that it is essential that the established rules are applied effectively and that public officials take stronger attitudes to enforce the society’s responsibility concerning the environmental problems, thus allowing future generations to enjoy a better quality of life. KEYWORDS: Environmental Education. Management. Reverse Logistic. Solid Waste. Shared Responsibility.  SUMÁRIO: Introdução. 1 Fundamentação Teórica. 2 Método. 3 Análise. 3.1 A Percepção Temporal do Estado com Relação aos Resíduos Sólidos. Considerações Finais. Referências.* Especialista em Gestão Pública pela Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS). Graduada em Direito pela Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul (PUCRS).   ** Doutora e Mestre em Letras e Linguística Aplicada pela Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS). Professora Adjunta da Universidade Estadual do Rio Grande do Sul (UERGS).


2020 ◽  
pp. 0734242X2097830
Author(s):  
Haniyeh Jalalipour ◽  
Neematollah Jaafarzadeh ◽  
Gert Morscheck ◽  
Satyanarayana Narra ◽  
Michael Nelles

Developing countries face serious environmental, social and economic challenges when it comes to managing different kinds of solid waste. Iran, as one such country, is forced to deal with many difficulties including the absence of a comprehensive policy framework, a lack of technical know-how, insufficient financial resources and lack of proper disposal facilities. This study attempts to suggest ways to overcome those problems by providing applicable waste management solutions to the local conditions. The research was performed in four structured phases: diagnosis of the existing solid waste management system practised, identification of areas of weakness in the waste management frameworks, bridging the gaps to ensure the sustainability of the concepts offered, and finally the provision of affordable solutions. A source-separated collection system for wet and dry fractions was drawn up. Establishment of a mechanical biological treatment facility and the introduction of biological treatment technology were considered as the main treatment options. From the economic point of view, the extended producer responsibility concept was provided as a resource management tool. The involvement of the stakeholders, as well as the public–private partnership model, was identified as the cornerstone in the planning and implementing of the new approaches. A roadmap was consequently designed aimed at gradually introducing a waste management system in a sustainable and environmentally sound manner.


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