Concerns for Individuals with Intellectual Disability in India

The People ◽

Dsm V ◽

Mental Abilities ◽

Intellectual disability (intellectual developmental disorder) is characterized by deficits in general mental abilities, such as reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking judgment, academic learning, and learning from experience (DSM V). This neuro developmental disorder is one of the conditions with onset in the developmental period. This condition has been classified into four categories on the basis of the individual's IQ (Intelligence quotient). The objective of the present paper is to highlight some of the areas that are related to the concerns for the people with intellectual disability. The paper focuses on the following topics: 1) Legal services, 2) Challenges faced by parents, 3) Health issues, 4) Sexual knowledge, 5) Marriage, 6) Quality of life, 7) Old age, 8) Attitude of society towards the individual with intellectual disability, 9) Implications, management and prevention for future improvement for individuals with intellectual disability.

Handbook of Research on Diagnosing, Treating, and Managing Intellectual Disabilities - Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies ◽

Quality of Life of People with Intellectual Disability

10.4018/978-1-5225-0089-6.ch008 ◽

2016 ◽

pp. 139-155

Author(s):

Jamila Firdaus ◽

Mansi Jadeja

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Clinical Judgment ◽

Adaptive Functioning ◽

Academic Learning ◽

Her Family ◽

School Work ◽

Intellectual Disability, according to DSM-V is defined as a “disorder with onset during the developmental period that includes both intellectual and adaptive functioning deficits in conceptual, social and practical domains.” Clinical judgment and individually administered standardized tests confirm deficits in intellectual functions such as reasoning, problem solving, planning, abstract thinking, judgment, academic learning and learning from experience. Adaptive functioning is also deficit as the individual needs assistance in one or more activities of daily living such as communication, social participation and independent living across multiple environments such as home, school, work and community. The need to understand the quality of life of people with intellectual disability is crucial as this mental disability is considered to be a major setback for any individual and his/her family. It needs to be highlighted here, that the families of people with intellectual disability also play a crucial role. New research reviews are required to bring policy changes and better tools.

An Overview on Issues Among Individuals With Intellectual Disability in India

10.4018/978-1-6684-3542-7.ch007 ◽

2022 ◽

pp. 102-121

Author(s):

Priyanka Behrani ◽

Dorothy Bhandari Deka

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Mental Capacity ◽

Adaptive Skills ◽

The People ◽

The Mean ◽

Standard Deviations

Intelligence is the general mental capacity that involves reasoning, planning, solving problems, thinking abstractly, comprehending complex ideas, learning efficiently, and learning from experience. Intellectual disability (previously termed “mental retardation”) shows significant cognitive deficits (IQ score of below 70, i.e., two standard deviations below the mean of 100 in the population) and also significant deficits in functional and adaptive skills. Individuals with intellectual disability meet with various challenges in every span of life. The chapter tries to highlight some of the areas that are related to the concerns for the people with intellectual disability.

Developmental Challenges and Societal Issues for Individuals With Intellectual Disabilities - Advances in Medical Diagnosis, Treatment, and Care ◽

An Overview on Issues Among Individuals With Intellectual Disability in India

10.4018/978-1-7998-1223-4.ch009 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 166-185

Author(s):

Priyanka Behrani ◽

Dorothy Bhandari Deka

Keyword(s):

Mental Retardation ◽

Intellectual Disability ◽

Cognitive Deficits ◽

Mental Capacity ◽

Adaptive Skills ◽

The People ◽

The Mean ◽

Standard Deviations

Intelligence is the general mental capacity that involves reasoning, planning, solving problems, thinking abstractly, comprehending complex ideas, learning efficiently, and learning from experience. Intellectual disability (previously termed “mental retardation”) shows significant cognitive deficits (IQ score of below 70, i.e., two standard deviations below the mean of 100 in the population) and also significant deficits in functional and adaptive skills. Individuals with intellectual disability meet with various challenges in every span of life. The chapter tries to highlight some of the areas that are related to the concerns for the people with intellectual disability.

The relevance of dietetic approach of Ayurveda from the perspective of COVID-19 pandemic

International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽

10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl1.3077 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽

pp. 748-752

Author(s):

Swapnali Khabade ◽

Bharat Rathi ◽

Renu Rathi

Keyword(s):

Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome ◽

Healthy Person ◽

World Health ◽

Physical And Mental Health ◽

Leading Role ◽

Global Pandemic ◽

The People ◽

The World ◽

Health Organization ◽

A novel, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), causes severe acute respiratory syndrome and spread globally from Wuhan, China. In March 2020 the World Health Organization declared the SARS-Cov-2 virus as a COVID- 19, a global pandemic. This pandemic happened to be followed by some restrictions, and specially lockdown playing the leading role for the people to get disassociated with their personal and social schedules. And now the food is the most necessary thing to take care of. It seems the new challenge for the individual is self-isolation to maintain themselves on the health basis and fight against the pandemic situation by boosting their immunity. Food organised by proper diet may maintain the physical and mental health of the individual. Ayurveda aims to promote and preserve the health, strength and the longevity of the healthy person and to cure the disease by properly channelling with and without Ahara. In Ayurveda, diet (Ahara) is considered as one of the critical pillars of life, and Langhana plays an important role too. This article will review the relevance of dietetic approach described in Ayurveda with and without food (Asthavidhi visheshaytana & Lanhgan) during COVID-19 like a pandemic.

Whither the people in the ASEAN Community?

Regions & Cohesion ◽

10.3167/reco.2020.100306 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 43-57

Author(s):

See Seng Tan

Keyword(s):

Southeast Asia ◽

Political Ideology ◽

Management Development ◽

The Other ◽

Asean Member ◽

Derechos Humanos ◽

The People ◽

Droits Humains ◽

The One ◽

Abstract: The longstanding effort to develop a people-based regionalism in Southeast Asia has been shaped by an inherent tension between the liberal inclination to privilege the individual and the community under formation, on the one hand, and the realist insistence on the primacy of the state, on the other. This article explores the conditions and constraints affecting ASEAN’s progress in remaking Southeast Asia into a people-focused and caring community in three areas: disaster management, development, and democratization (understood here as human rights). Arguably, the persistent gap in Southeast Asia between aspiration and expectation is determined less by political ideology than by the pragmatic responses of ASEAN member states to the forces of nationalism and protectionism, as well as their respective sense of local and regional responsibility.Resumen: El esfuerzo histórico para desarrollar un regionalismo basado en las personas del sudeste de Asia ha estado marcado por una tensión fundamental entre la inclinación liberal de privilegiar el individuo y la comunidad y la insistencia realista sobre la primacía del estado. Este artículo explora las condiciones y limitaciones que afectan el progreso de la ASEAN en la reestructuración de Asia sudoriental en una comunidad centrada en el cuidado de las personas en: gestión de desastres, desarrollo y democratización (i.e., derechos humanos). La brecha persistente en el sudeste asiático entre la aspiración y la expectativa está determinada por las respuestas pragmáticas de los miembros de la ASEAN sometidos a las fuerzas del nacionalismo y proteccionismo, así como su respectivo sentido de responsabilidad local y regional.Résumé: L’effort historique pour développer un régionalisme fondé sur les peuples en Asie du Sud-Est a été marqué par une tension fondamentale entre l’inclination libérale qui privilégie, d’une part, l’individu et la communauté et, d’autre part, l’insistance réaliste sur la primauté de l’État. Cet article explore les conditions et les contraintes qui nuisent aux progrès de l’ANASE dans le cadre d’une refonte de l’Asie du Sud-Est en une communauté centrée et attentive aux peuples dans trois domaines : la gestion des désastres, le développement et la démocratisation (en référence aux droits humains). Le fossé persistant en Asie du Sud-Est entre les aspirations et les attentes est vraisemblablement moins déterminé par l’idéologie politique que par les réponses pragmatiques des États membres de l’ANASE soumis aux forces du nationalisme et du protectionnisme ainsi que par leur sens respectif de la responsabilité locale et régionale.

11th GLOBAL CONFERENCE ON BUSINESS AND SOCIAL SCIENCES - Global Conference on Business and Social Sciences Proceeding ◽

Creative Tourism in Songkhla Lake Basin

10.35609/gcbssproceeding.2020.11(126) ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

pp. 126-126

Author(s):

Dr.Prachyakorn Chaiyakot ◽

Wachara Chaiyakhet ◽

Dr.Woraluck Lalitsasivimol ◽

Dr.Siriluck Thongpoon

Keyword(s):

Local People ◽

Lake Basin ◽

Secondary Source ◽

Tourist Attractions ◽

The People ◽

History Of ◽

Tourism Resources ◽

The Individual ◽

Tourism Community ◽

Songkhla Lake

Songkhla Lake Basin has a long history of at least 6,000 years and has a wide variety of tourism resources including nature, history, beliefs, culture and various traditions of the local people. It covers 3 provinces, the whole area of Phatthalung, 12 districts of Songkhla and 2 districts of Nakhon Si Thammarat Province. It has an area of approximately 8,727 square kilometers. There are many tourist attractions because the basin has a long history through different eras, natural, historic, ancient sites, and the culture of the local people. In 2018, both Thai and foreign tourists visited Songkhla and Phatthalung, which is the main area of Songkhla Lake Basin. The total number of tourists that came was 7,628,813 and 1,641,841 and an income of 68,252.64 and 3,470.96 million baht was generated from each province, respectively (Ministry of Tourism and Sports, 2020). Although Songkhla Lake Basin has various tourist attractions, the promotion of tourism with the involvement of government agencies in the past mainly focused on promoting tourism along with the tourist attractions rather than encouraging tourists to experience and learn the culture of the people living in the area; the culture that reflects the uniqueness of the people in the south. This study, therefore, aims to find creative tourism activities in SLB in order to increase the value of tourism resources, create tourism activities that are aligned with the resources available in the community and increase the number of tourists in the area. Data for this study were collected using a secondary source of data collection method. It was done through a literature review of related documents, texts, magazines, and research which focus on Songkhla Lake Basin as a guideline for designing tourism activities. The field survey was done through twelve community-based tourism sites in SLB to find creative tourism activities. Data on each activity were collected in detail by interviewing the tourism community leaders and the local people. Content analysis was used to describe the individual open-ended questions by focusing on the important issues and the information obtained was presented as a narrative. Keywords: Songkhla Lake Basin, Creative Tourism, Local Wisdom

Context matters in understanding the vulnerability of women: perspectives from southwestern Uganda

Archives of Public Health ◽

10.1186/s13690-020-00523-x ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 79 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Neema Murembe ◽

Teddy Kyomuhangi ◽

Kimberly Manalili ◽

Florence Beinempaka ◽

Primrose Nakazibwe ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Health Workers ◽

Geographical Location ◽

Middle Income ◽

Extreme Poverty ◽

Economic Class ◽

Individual Interviews ◽

Resource Limited ◽

The People ◽

The Individual ◽

Southwestern Uganda

Abstract Background Vulnerability at the individual, family, community or organization level affects access and utilization of health services, and is a key consideration for health equity. Several frameworks have been used to explore the concept of vulnerability and identified demographics including ethnicity, economic class, level of education, and geographical location. While the magnitude of vulnerable populations is not clearly documented and understood, specific indicators, such as extreme poverty, show that vulnerability among women is pervasive. Women in low and middle-income countries often do not control economic resources and are culturally disadvantaged, which exacerbates other vulnerabilities they experience. In this commentary, we explore the different understandings of vulnerability and the importance of engaging communities in defining vulnerability for research, as well as for programming and provision of maternal newborn and child health (MNCH) services. Methodology In a recent community-based qualitative study, we examined the healthcare utilization experiences of vulnerable women with MNCH services in rural southwestern Uganda. Focus group discussions were conducted with community leaders and community health workers in two districts of Southwestern Uganda. In addition, we did individual interviews with women living in extreme poverty and having other conventional vulnerability characteristics. Findings and discussion We found that the traditional criteria of vulnerability were insufficient to identify categories of vulnerable women to target in the context of MNCH programming and service provision in resource-limited settings. Through our engagement with communities and through the narratives of the people we interviewed, we obtained insight into how nuanced vulnerability can be, and how important it is to ground definitions of vulnerability within the specific context. We identified additional aspects of vulnerability through this study, including: women who suffer from alcoholism or have husbands with alcoholism, women with a history of home births, women that have given birth only to girls, and those living on fishing sites. Conclusion Engaging communities in defining vulnerability is critical for the effective design, implementation and monitoring of MNCH programs, as it ensures these services are reaching those who are most in need.

Spirituality and Conflict in Healthcare: The History of the Canadian Baptists and Medical Mission in Orissa, 1900–1970

Histories ◽

10.3390/histories1020011 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 1 (2) ◽

pp. 69-84

Author(s):

Tiasa Basu Roy

Keyword(s):

Religious Identity ◽

Well Being ◽

Word Of God ◽

Health Issues ◽

Medical Mission ◽

The People ◽

Medical Facilities ◽

History Of ◽

Ganjam District ◽

Positive Results

It was from the middle of the eighteenth century that discussions regarding the strategies taken up by the Protestant missionaries to propagate the Gospel generated the issue of healthcare and medical facilities among people in India. Medical mission, which hitherto was not considered, started to gain importance and reaped positive results in terms of curing individuals and its trustworthiness among tribes residing in the frontier regions. However, this developed a separatist religious identity among the population, which apparently did not appear lethal, but later culminated in the fragmentation and impeachment of solidarity among the adivais (tribal) and vengeance from the Hindu population. This article will show how the Canadian Baptist Mission, with its primary aim of spreading the Kingdom of God among the tribal Savaras in the Ganjam district of Orissa, undertook measures for serving health issues and provided medical facilities to both the caste Oriyas and the tribal Savaras. Although medical activities oriented towards philanthropy and physical well-being, medical mission was not limited to healing illness and caring for all, but also extended to spreading the word of God and influencing the people to embrace Christianity as well, which invited political troubles into the region.

Incidence of Characteristic Findings during Veterinary Carcass Inspections 2010–2019 in the Czech Republic and the Relation to the Level of Health and Welfare of Individual Classes of Cattle

Animals ◽

10.3390/ani11020537 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 537

Author(s):

Michal Kaluza ◽

Vladimir Vecerek ◽

Eva Voslarova ◽

Zbynek Semerad ◽

Annamaria Passantino

Keyword(s):

Czech Republic ◽

Health Issues ◽

Pathological Findings ◽

Pathological Changes ◽

Great Intensity ◽

The Czech Republic ◽

Stunted Growth ◽

Liver And Pancreas ◽

Systemic Disorder ◽

Pathological findings in individual classes of cattle were assessed from the viewpoint of their localization and category. The objective of the study was to evaluate whether there are differences in the range and number of findings made between the individual classes of cattle. The results of veterinary inspections on 2,514,666 head of cattle slaughtered in the Czech Republic in the period 2010–2019 were used for the assessment. In terms of localization, the most frequent findings in cows were in the liver and pancreas (46.13%), the urinary tract (40.76%) and the lungs (36.23%). These findings also predominated in heifers and bulls, though they were recorded at lower frequencies (p < 0.01) than in cows. The most frequent pathological changes in heifers and bulls were chronic findings in the lungs (16.09% and 12.27%, respectively). The range of findings in calves differed significantly from other classes of cattle, primarily as the result of respiratory and diarrheal syndrome being the most frequent diseases in calves. Calves were the class of cattle most frequently diagnosed with findings in the lungs (44.89%), as well as other unclassified changes (24.43%) and overall changes (21.55%), which point to a systemic disorder of the organism. The results of this study confirmed the differing states of health in the individual classes of cattle and the differing health issues to which treatment and the prevention of the most frequently occurring infectious and non-infectious diseases must be adapted. Cattle welfare is affected not only by the level of health but also by the herd management and economics. This is confirmed by the range of findings, and the deterioration of living conditions especially in cows, likely because of great intensity of farming, but also in calves which suffered from emaciation or stunted growth.