Examining the Relationship Among Teachers' Working Conditions, Stress, and Professional Trajectory

2016 ◽  
pp. 573-594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul G. Fitchett ◽  
Sally Lineback ◽  
Christopher J. McCarthy ◽  
Richard G. Lambert
Keyword(s):  
Working Conditions ◽  
Teacher Attrition ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Teacher Mobility ◽  
Disruptive Effect ◽  
Stress Model ◽  
Workplace Climate ◽  
Teacher Working Conditions ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
The Relationship

Teacher attrition can have a disruptive effect within a school, negatively impacting student learning. Moreover, teachers' reported working conditions are an important factor in determining whether they leave or stay within the field. The majority of research examining workplace climate in schools fails to consider the perceptual nature of these reports and how they might be related to teachers' risk for stress and other occupational health measures. This chapter provides an overview of the research relating teacher working conditions to teacher mobility and other workplace dispositions. Then, the authors present the transactional stress model as an alternative to traditional approaches for examining teacher mobility. Policy implications for educational agencies, schools, and teacher education are then presented.

How Much Do School Principals Matter When It Comes to Teacher Working Conditions?

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 126-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Susan Burkhauser
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Teacher Turnover ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Teacher Working Conditions ◽  
Teachers Perceptions ◽  
The North ◽  
School Working Conditions ◽  
The Relationship

Teacher turnover is a challenge for U.S. public schools. Research suggests that teachers’ perceptions of their school working conditions influence their leaving decisions. Related research suggests that principals may be in the best position to influence school working conditions. Using 4 years of panel data constructed from the North Carolina Teacher Working Condition Survey, this study uses value-added modeling approaches to explore the relationship between teachers’ perceptions of four measures of their working conditions and their principal. It finds that teacher ratings of the school environment depend on which principal is leading the school, independent of other school and district contextual factors, suggesting districts struggling with teacher turnover should assess climate and use that information to advise and support principals.

STAGES IN SOCIAL POLICY DEVELOPMENT

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 265-272
Author(s):  
Venelin Terziev ◽  
Preslava Dimitrova
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Social Relations ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
National Society ◽  
Complex Approach ◽  
The Social ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The social policy of a country is a set of specific activities aimed at regulating the social relations between different in their social status subjects. This approach to clarifying social policy is also called functional and essentially addresses social policy as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality in society. It provides an opportunity to look for inequalities in the economic positions of individuals in relation to ownership, labor and working conditions, distribution of income and consumption, social security and health, to look for the sources of these inequalities and their social justification or undue application.The modern state takes on social functions that seek to regulate imbalances, to protect weak social positions and prevent the disintegration of the social system. It regulates the processes in society by harmonizing interests and opposing marginalization. Every modern country develops social activities that reflect the specifics of a particular society, correspond to its economic, political and cultural status. They are the result of political decisions aimed at directing and regulating the process of adaptation of the national society to the transformations of the market environment. Social policy is at the heart of the development and governance of each country. Despite the fact that too many factors and problems affect it, it largely determines the physical and mental state of the population as well as the relationships and interrelationships between people. On the other hand, social policy allows for a more global study and solving of vital social problems of civil society. On the basis of the programs and actions of political parties and state bodies, the guidelines for the development of society are outlined. Social policy should be seen as an activity to regulate the relationship of equality or inequality between different individuals and social groups in society. Its importance is determined by the possibility of establishing on the basis of the complex approach: the economic positions of the different social groups and individuals, by determining the differences between them in terms of income, consumption, working conditions, health, etc .; to explain the causes of inequality; to look for concrete and specific measures to overcome the emerging social disparities.

Is Voluntary Disclosure Value Relevant? Evidence from Top Listed Firms in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 097226292098629
Author(s):  
Rupjyoti Saha ◽  
Kailash Chandra Kabra
Keyword(s):  
Voluntary Disclosure ◽  
Value Relevance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Market Value ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Positive Contribution ◽  
Listed Firms ◽  
Strategic Disclosure ◽  
Relevant Evidence ◽  
The Relationship

In view of ongoing reforms in India with emphasis on improving transparency of corporate, the present study aims to examine the influence of voluntary disclosure on the market value of India’s top-listed firms. To this end, the study uses a sample of top 100 non-financial and non-utility firms listed at Bombay Stock Exchange based on market capitalization over a 5-year period (2014–2018). To control potential endogeneity in the relationship between voluntary disclosure and firms’ market valuation, fixed effect panel data model and two-stage least squares model of estimation have been employed. The result obtained from the analysis suggests that enhanced level of voluntary disclosure significantly improves the market value of sample firms. The study further undertakes additional analysis by categorizing voluntary disclosure into its sub-components wherein the findings reveal that three components of voluntary disclosure such as corporate and strategic disclosure, forward looking disclosure and corporate governance disclosure make positive contribution towards market value of firms, while the remaining components of voluntary disclosure such as human and intellectual capital disclosure and financial and capital market disclosure do not appear to have any significant influence on the same. Overall, the finding suggests that voluntary disclosure made by sample firms is considered relevant by investors. However, value relevance of different components of voluntary disclosure varies with the nature and extent of information disclosed. The study offers some important policy implications.

scholarly journals COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep: the roles of perceived stress and intolerance of uncertainty during the early stage of the COVID-19 outbreak

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dan Wu ◽  
Tingzhong Yang ◽  
Daniel L. Hall ◽  
Guihua Jiao ◽  
Lixin Huang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Path Analysis ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Mediation Analysis ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Intolerance Of Uncertainty ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background The COVID-19 pandemic brings unprecedented uncertainty and stress. This study aimed to characterize general sleep status among Chinese residents during the early stage of the outbreak and to explore the network relationship among COVID-19 uncertainty, intolerance of uncertainty, perceived stress, and sleep status. Methods A cross-sectional correlational survey was conducted online. A total of 2534 Chinese residents were surveyed from 30 provinces, municipalities, autonomous regions of China and regions abroad during the period from February 7 to 14, 2020, the third week of lockdown. Final valid data from 2215 participants were analyzed. Self-report measures assessed uncertainty about COVID-19, intolerance of uncertainty, perceived stress, and general sleep status. Serial mediation analysis using the bootstrapping method and path analysis were applied to test the mediation role of intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress in the relationship between uncertainty about COVID-19 and sleep status. Results The total score of sleep status was 4.82 (SD = 2.72). Age, place of residence, ethnicity, marital status, infection, and quarantine status were all significantly associated with general sleep status. Approximately half of participants (47.1%) reported going to bed after 12:00 am, 23.0% took 30 min or longer to fall asleep, and 30.3% slept a total of 7 h or less. Higher uncertainty about COVID-19 was significantly positively correlated with higher intolerance of uncertainty (r = 0.506, p < 0.001). The mediation analysis found a mediating role of perceived stress in the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and general sleep status (β = 0.015, 95%C.I. = 0.009–0.021). However, IU was not a significant mediator of the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep (β = 0.009, 95%C.I. = − 0.002–0.020). Moreover, results from the path analysis further showed uncertainty about COVID-19 had a weak direct effect on poor sleep (β = 0.043, p < 0.05); however, there was a robust indirect effect on poor sleep through intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress. Conclusions These findings suggest that intolerance of uncertainty and perceived stress are critical factors in the relationship between COVID-19 uncertainty and sleep outcomes. Results are discussed in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, and practical policy implications are also provided.

scholarly journals Associations between labour market policies and work stressors

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Lunau ◽  
M Rigó
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Job Strain ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Psychosocial Work ◽  
Work Stressors ◽  
Labour Market Policies ◽  
Psychosocial Working Conditions ◽  
European Working

Abstract Background Many studies have shown that psychosocial work stressors have a negative impact on health. It is therefore important to understand how psychosocial work stressors can be reduced. First cross-sectional studies have shown that working conditions are influenced at the political level. With this study, we want to extend the existing studies by specifically looking at the longitudinal dimension and test if changing labour market policies are related to changes in psychosocial work stressors. Methods We used comparative longitudinal survey data from the European Working Conditions Survey (27 countries; years 2005, 2010, 2015). The measure of psychosocial work stressors is based on two established work stress models: job strain and effort-reward imbalance. To measure labour market policies we used information on active (ALMP) and passive labour market policies (PLMP). 64659 participants were eligible for the ERI analysis and 67114 participants for the analyses on job strain. Estimation results are provided by three-level multilevel regressions. Results An increase in ALMP investments lead to a decrease of ERI and therefore to an improvement in psychosocial working conditions. The analyses for the subcomponents showed that these results are mainly driven by reward: an increase in ALMP investments lead to an increase in rewards. We didn't find significant associations between ALMP and job strain and between a change in PLMP measures and the observed work stressors. Discussion The study extends current knowledge with longitudinal information by showing that an increase in ALMP lead to an increase in rewards and a decrease of ERI. These longitudinal analyses are more closely related to a causal interpretation than previous cross-country analyses. The findings of this study may have important policy implications. Our main result suggests that investments into ALMP can improve certain working conditions and therefore improve workers' health. Key messages Psychosocial work stressors have a negative impact on health. Investments into active labour market policies can improve psychosocial working conditions.

scholarly journals Evaluating working conditions in the informal economy: Evidence from the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 281-306 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin C Williams ◽  
Ioana Alexandra Horodnic
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Informal Economy ◽  
Mixed Effects ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Formal Economy ◽  
European Working ◽  
European Working Conditions Survey

Although it is widely held that working conditions in the informal economy are worse than in the formal economy, little evidence has been so far provided. The aim of this article is to fill this lacuna by comparing the working conditions of informal employees with formal employees using the 2015 European Working Conditions Survey. Multilevel mixed-effects logistic regression analysis provides a nuanced and variegated appreciation of which working conditions are worse for informal employees, which are no different, and which are better for informal than formal employees. The article concludes by discussing the theoretical and policy implications.

scholarly journals Relationships Between Industrialized Agriculture and Environmental Consequences: The Case of Vertical Coordination in Broilers and Hogs

1997 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura L. Martin ◽  
Kelly D. Zering
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Quality ◽  
Geographic Region ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Product Management ◽  
Vertical Coordination ◽  
Pork Industry ◽  
Environmental Consequences ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
The North ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThis paper examines the relationship between industrialized production in the pork and broiler industries and the natural environment. Historical perspectives are presented regarding the movement toward increasingly concentrated and coordinated pork and broiler production units in the South. The relationships between animal by-product management and environmental quality, both at the farm level and within a geographic region, are addressed. Using the North Carolina pork industry as a background, current regulations and potential policy implications to protect environmental quality are discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Renewable Energy Generation on the Electric Power Spot Price of the Japan Electric Power Exchange

Energies ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 2215 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Maekawa ◽  
Bui Hai ◽  
Sarana Shinkuma ◽  
Koji Shimada
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Panel Data Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energies ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Spot Price ◽  
Price Forecast ◽  
Weather Information ◽  
Power Exchange ◽  
Renewable Energy Generation ◽  
The Relationship

This study aims to explore the relationship between renewable energies and the electric power spot price of the Japan Electric Power Exchange (JEPX). By using panel data analysis and proxy modeling, this work attempts to estimate how renewable energies (displayed through the proxies) and other factors influence the electric power spot price in Japan. Based on an analysis of the estimations, some policy implications have been proposed, such as to incorporate weather information into the price forecast, or to provide a guide to more effectively transact on the JEPX.

China and World Order

1978 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 555-587 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel S. Kim
Keyword(s):  
World Order ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Global Politics ◽  
Global Policy ◽  
The World ◽  
World Organization ◽  
Multilateral Diplomacy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Broad Policy ◽  
Half Decade

This paper makes a macro-inquiry into Chinese global politics by defining and elaborating the Chinese image and strategy of world order within a normative framework. Empirical data and behavioral referents in the paper are largely drawn from Chinese multilateral diplomacy in the global community during the first half-decade (1971–1976) of Chinese participation in UN. Such a normative-globalist paradigm has a heuristic value in interpreting more broadly China's global policy and its impact on the evolving process of creating a more just and humane world order. The paper argues that the interactions between China and the world organization have, on the whole, been positive and that the relationship between the two has been one of mutual adjustment and mutual legitimization, with the resulting enhancement of each other's symbolic capability. By way of conclusion, the paper draws, in a tentative and speculative manner, some broad policy implications of the post-Mao leadership.

The Relationship between Job Stressors and Organizational Change Among Academic Staff at Universiti Teknologi Mara (UiTM) Cawangan Kelaantan.

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 201
Author(s):  
Nik Mohd Faris Nik Min ◽  
Intan Nurul ‘Ain Mohd Firdaus Kozako ◽  
Muhammad Ammar Haidar Ishak ◽  
Mohd Hafeez Al-Amin Abdul Wahab ◽  
Ayu Kamareenna Abdullah Thani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Change ◽  
Working Conditions ◽  
Role Ambiguity ◽  
Academic Staff ◽  
Product Diversification ◽  
Role Overload ◽  
Job Stressors ◽  
Peer Relation ◽  
Job Stressor ◽  
The Relationship

Change usually occurs when an organization replaces its management, technological change or product diversification, et cetera. However, organizational change can increase work stress levels, and employees need to cope with new and old stressors.  This research emphasizes the factors of job stressors, such as role overload, role ambiguity, unprofitability, poor peer-relation, and strenuous working conditions. The purpose of this research was to identify the relationship between job stressors and organizational change among academic staff at Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Cawangan Kelantan (Machang Campus) and to identify the most affected job stressor during the organizational change. The research was non-experimental which was categorized by correlation. Quantitative data was collected using a questionnaire contained three separate sections and was distributed to 155 academic staff at UiTM Cawangan Kelantan (Machang Campus). The reliability analysis was conducted and the Cronbach Alpha value ranged from 0.529 to 0.852. Pearson Correlation was used to examine the relationship between job stressors and organizational change, and it was found that all variables of job stressors had a significant relationship with organizational change except for unprofitability. It was also found that the most affected job stressor during organizational change was poor peer-relation. The researchers hope that this study would educate employees regarding factors affecting job stressors towards organizational change.  Keywords: Organizational change, role overload, role ambiguity, unprofitability, poor peer-relation, strenuous working conditions.

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