An Overview of Steganography

2017 ◽  
pp. 116-144
Author(s):  
Al Hussien Seddik Saad ◽  
Abdelmgeid Amin Ali
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
System Evaluation ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Historical Events ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Video Images ◽  
System Requirements

Nowadays, due to the increasing need for providing secrecy in an open environment such as the internet, data hiding has been widely used. Steganography is one of the most important data hiding techniques which hides the existence of the secret message in cover files or carriers such as video, images, audio or text files. In this chapter; steganography will be introduced, some historical events will be listed, steganography system requirements, categories, classifications, cover files will be discussed focusing on image and video files, steganography system evaluation, attacks, applications will be explained in details and finally last section concludes the chapter.

scholarly journals Efficient Reversible Data Hiding Scheme for AMBTC-Compressed Images

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6741
Author(s):  
Chia-Chen Lin ◽  
Thai-Son Nguyen ◽  
Chin-Chen Chang ◽  
Wen-Chi Chang
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Free Space ◽  
Reversible Data Hiding ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Absolute Moment ◽  
Compressed Images ◽  
High Embedding Capacity ◽  
Significant Attention ◽  
Efficiency Rate

Reversible data hiding has attracted significant attention from researchers because it can extract an embedded secret message correctly and recover a cover image without distortion. In this paper, a novel, efficient reversible data hiding scheme is proposed for absolute moment block truncation code (AMBTC) compressed images. The proposed scheme is based on the high correlation of neighboring values in two mean tables of AMBTC-compressed images to further losslessly encode these values and create free space for containing a secret message. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed scheme obtained a high embedding capacity and guaranteed the same PSNRs as the traditional AMBTC algorithm. In addition, the proposed scheme achieved a higher embedding capacity and higher efficiency rate than those of some previous schemes while maintaining an acceptable bit rate.

New Data Hiding Algorithm in MATLAB Using Encrypted Secret Message

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agniswar Dutta ◽  
Abhirup Kumar Sen ◽  
Sankar Das ◽  
Shalabh Agarwal ◽  
Asoke Nath
Keyword(s):  
Data Hiding ◽  
Secret Message

scholarly journals A Distortion-Free Data Hiding Scheme for Triangular Meshes Based on Recursive Subdivision

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan-Yu Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Principal Component Analysis ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Similarity Transformation ◽  
Principal Component ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Subdivision Scheme ◽  
Data Embedding ◽  
Embedding Capacity ◽  
Free Data ◽  
Reversible Data Embedding

This study adopts a triangle subdivision scheme to achieve reversible data embedding. The secret message is embedded into the newly added vertices. The topology of added vertex is constructed by connecting it with the vertices of located triangle. For further raising the total embedding capacity, a recursive subdivision mechanism, terminated by a given criterion, is employed. Finally, a principal component analysis can make the stego model against similarity transformation and vertex/triangle reordering attacks. Our proposed algorithm can provide a high and adjustable embedding capacity with reversibility. The experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of our proposed algorithm.

scholarly journals Implementasi Honeypot Menggunakan Dionaea Dan Kippo Sebagai Penunjang Keamanan Jaringan Komunikasi Komputer

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 80-91
Author(s):  
Adi Widiatmoko Wastumirad ◽  
Moh Irzam Darmawan
Keyword(s):  
Software Engineering ◽  
Real Time ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Page ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Security Issues ◽  
Demilitarized Zone ◽  
Internal Network ◽  
Waterfall Model ◽  
Search For Information

Today, the internet has become the most used tool for delivering information. Through the internet, people can search for information by freely accessing a web page. This freedom of access often raises security issues in the website provider's internal network. These security issues can be in the form of misuse of information, threats, and other attacks on the provider's internal network. Based on these conditions, a technique is needed to protect important data on the website owner's server from various attacks. In this research, a Honeypot security system has been implemented using Dionaea and Kippo in the Demilitarized Zone to increase the security of a network. The methodology of this research is Waterfall Model for software engineering. The system that has been built is able to detect, take action, record attack logs and display them in the form of a website in real time.

scholarly journals Analyze of Phishing Violence and Alleviation

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramesh Palanisamy ◽  
Mohammed Tariq Shaikh ◽  
Senthil Jayapal ◽  
Darla Thomas
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Dynamic Features ◽  
Important Data ◽  
Phishing Attacks ◽  
E Mail

Nowadays phishing can be considered one of the simplest and oldest ways to steal important data from users on the internet. And only by collecting a small quantity of data about victim the attacker will be able to produce personalized and plausible e-mail. However, these days more ways that are trying to be found and new technologies are inventive to deal with phishing. In this paper, I will present type, cause, prevention measures and dynamic features for growing phishing attacks.

scholarly journals Knight Tour for Image Steganography Technique

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1610-1613
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Information Hiding ◽  
High Capacity ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Cover Image ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Sensitive Information ◽  
Image File ◽  
Ascii Code

The growth rate of the Internet is exceeding that of any previous technology. As the Internet has become the major medium for transferring sensitive information, the security of the transferred message has now become the utmost priority. To ensure the security of the transmitted data, Image steganography has emerged out as an eminent tool of information hiding. The frequency of availability of image file is high and provides high capacity. In this paper, a method of secure data hiding in image is proposed that uses knight tour positions and further 8-queen positions in 8*8 pixel blocks.The cover image is divided into 8*8 pixel blocks and pixels are selected from each block corresponding to the positions of Knight in 8*8 chessboard starting from different pixel positions. 8-pixel values are selected from alternate knight position. Selected pixels values converted to 8-bit ASCII code and result in 8* 8 bit matrix. 8-Queen’s solution on 8*8 chessboard is applied on 8*8 bit matrix. The bits selected from 8-Queens positions and compared with 8-bit ASCII code of message characters. The proposed algorithm changes the LSB of only some of the pixels based on the above comparison. Based on parameters like PSNR and MSE the efficiency of the method is checked after implementation. Then the comparison done with some already proposed techniques. This is how, image steganography showed interesting and promising results when compared with other techniques.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTASI STEGANOGRAFI PADA TEKS TERENKRIPSI DENGAN ALGORITMA RSA MENGGUNAKAN METODE BPCS

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 260-265 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yulia Fatma ◽  
Harun Mukhtar ◽  
Muhammad Taufik
Keyword(s):  
Human Life ◽  
Human Vision ◽  
Encryption Algorithm ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Rsa Algorithm ◽  
Cryptographic Algorithm ◽  
Insertion Method ◽  
Bit Plane ◽  
Internet Network

The internet network is growing rapidly and has a great impact on human life. The development of the internet network has enabled many people to exchange information or messages,one of tham by using email media. Apparently the internet is a path that in ni not too safe because it is a common communication media that can be used by everyone so prone to tapping information or messages. Therefore, security and confidentiality are needed in data communications. One may to keep messages safe is to use steganography technique. The steganography method used is the method of message insertion using BPCS (Bit Plane Complexity Segmentation). Before the message is inserted, the message is first encrypted using cryptography techniques. The cryptographic algorithm used is RSA algorithm. RSA algorithm consists of encryption algorithm and decryption algorithm. The confidential message is encrypted using RSA encryption algorithm and inserted using the insertion method of BPCS. With the technique of steganography on the image media then the delivery of a secret message will have a good level of security because it can not be detected directly by the senses of human vision. Keywords: cryptography, steganography, RSA, method BPCS   Abstrak Jaringan internet berkembang dengan pesat dan memberikan pengaruh besar bagi kehidupan manusia. Perkembangan jaringan Internet telah memungkinkan banyak orang untuk saling bertukar informasi atau pesan salah satunya dengan media email. Ternyata, internet merupakan jalur yang tidak terlalu aman karna merupakan media komunikasi umum yang dapat digunakan semua orang sehingga rawan penyadapan informasi atau pesan. Oleh karena itu, keamanan dan kerahasiaan sangat dibutuhkan dalam komunikasi data. Salah satu cara untuk menjaga keamanan pesan adalah menggunakan teknik steganografi. Metode steganografi yang digunakan adalah metode penyisipan pesan, dengan menggunakan metode BPCS (Bit Plane Complexity Segmentation). Sebelum pesan disisipkan terlebih dahulu pesan tersebut dienkripsi dengan menggunakan teknik kriptografi. Algoritma kriptografi yang digunakan adalah algoritma RSA. Algoritma RSA terdiri dari algoritma enkripsi dan algoritma dekripsi. Pesan rahasia disandikan menggunakan algoritma enkripsi RSA dan disisipkan menggunakan metode penyisipan BPCS. Dengan adanya teknik steganografi pada media citra maka pengiriman suatu pesan yang bersifat rahasia akan memiliki tingkat keamanan yang baik karena tidak dapat dideteksi langsung oleh indera penglihatan manusia. Keywords: Kriptografi, Steganogari, RSA, Metode BPCS

Fuzzy Proximity based Robust Data Hiding Scheme with Interval Threshold

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prabhas Kumar Singh ◽  
Biswapati Jana ◽  
Kakali Datta
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Logic ◽  
Data Hiding ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Visual Quality ◽  
Structural Similarity ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
Secret Key ◽  
Post Processing ◽  
Coincidence Problem ◽  
Shared Secret

Abstract In 2020, Ashraf et al. proposed an interval type-2 fuzzy logic based block similarity calculation using color proximity relations of neighboring pixels in a steganographic scheme. Their method works well for detecting similarity, but it has drawbacks in terms of visual quality, imperceptibility, security, and robustness. Using Mamdani fuzzy logic to identify color proximity at the block level, as well as a shared secret key and post-processing system, this paper attempts to develop a robust data hiding scheme with similarity measure to ensure good visual quality, robustness, imperceptibility, and enhance the security. Further, the block color proximity is graded using an interval threshold. Accordingly, data embedding is processed in the sequence generated by the shared secret keys. In order to increase the quality and accuracy of the recovered secret message, the tampering coincidence problem is solved through a post-processing approach. The experimental analysis, steganalysis and comparisons clearly illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed scheme in terms of visual quality, structural similarity, recoverability and robustness.

Secure Data Transfer Using Image Steganography

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (VIII) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Nisha Manral
Keyword(s):  
Data Transfer ◽  
Digital Images ◽  
Image Steganography ◽  
Secret Message ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Secret Information ◽  
File Formats ◽  
Secure Data ◽  
Other Information ◽  
Weak Points

Steganography is the art of hiding the fact that communication is taking place, by hiding information in other information. Many different carrier file formats can be used, but digital images are the most popular because of their frequency on the Internet. For hiding secret information in images, there exists a large variety of steganographic techniques some are more complex than others and all of them have respective strong and weak points. Different applications have different requirements of the steganography technique used. For example, some applications may require absolute invisibility of the secret information, while others require a larger secret message to be hidden. This paper intends to give an overview of image steganography, its uses and techniques. It also attempts to identify the requirements of a good steganographic algorithm and briefly reflects on which steganographic techniques are more suitable for which applications.

Maintaining Information Security in E-Government through Steganology

2011 ◽  
pp. 1393-1399
Author(s):  
Huayin Si ◽  
Chang-Tsun Li
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
National Security ◽  
Computer Networks ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Digital Government ◽  
Open Environment ◽  
Progressive Development ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Potential Benefits

Traditional government structures are sometimes regarded as overly bulky. However, with the rapid expansion of interconnected computer networks and the progressive development of information technology (IT), it is now possible to exchange massive amounts of data at light speed over great distances. These infrastructures and technologies provide the opportunity for governments to transform themselves from huge monsters to compact and efficient organizations. Realizing the potential benefits of IT, as of summer 2004, 198 governments had started their e-government plans to construct digital government based on the Internet (West, 2004). One of the essential features of e-government is the transmission of confidential information via computer networks. Depending on the sensitivity of the information, the security of some information should be treated at the same level as national security. Although each e-government has its own networks, no government can say no to the Internet, because it would be a waste of resource. However, the Internet is an open environment; therefore, protecting data flowing on the Internet from attacks is a pressing e-government issue. All governments with such strategies have sought help from cryptographers and devoted huge amounts of both money and time to the development of specially designed information systems and advanced cryptosystems to strengthen information security. Unfortunately, cryptography is not adequate in some applications. As computing power keeps increasing and the techniques of cryptanalysis keep advancing, contemporary cryptosystems cannot and will not work forever. At the 24th Annual International Cryptology Conference (CRYPTO’04), MD5 and a series of related cryptosystems, which are currently in widespread use, were proved unreliable (Wang, Feng, Lai, & Yu, 2004). From the last decade, steganology—the technique for digitally hiding and detecting information – is attracting more attention. It is already regarded as a powerful complement to cryptology and a promising technique for ensuring e-national security. Unlike cryptology, which renders the encrypted information completely meaningless, steganology keeps the host media perceptually unchanged after hiding the secret information. This article will provide an in-depth explanation of the two components of steganology, namely steganography and steganalysis, and discuss their potential applications in the realm of e-national security.

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