Quantifying QoS in Heterogeneous Networks

2017 ◽  
pp. 223-251
Author(s):  
Farnaz Farid ◽  
Seyed Shahrestani ◽  
Chun Ruan
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simulation Studies ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Access Technology ◽  
Vast Number ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
4G Wireless

The heterogeneous-based 4G wireless networks will offer noticeable advantages for both users and network operators. The users will benefit from the vibrant coverage and capacity. A vast number of available resources will allow them to connect seamlessly to the best available access technology. The network operators, on the other hand, will be benefited from the lower cost and the efficient usage of the network resources. However, managing QoS for video or voice applications over these networks is still a challenging task. In this chapter, a generalized metric-based approach is described for QoS quantification in Heterogeneous networks. To investigate the efficiency of the designed approach, a range of simulation studies based on different models of service over the heterogeneous networks are carried out. The simulation results indicate that the proposed approach facilitates better management and monitoring of heterogeneous network configurations and applications utilizing them.

Handover Optimization for 4G Wireless Networks

2010 ◽  
pp. 424-452 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongwook Kim ◽  
Hanjin Lee ◽  
Hyunsoo Yoon ◽  
Namgi Kim
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Mobile Station ◽  
Packet Transmission ◽  
Base Stations ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Link Layer ◽  
High Data ◽  
4G Wireless ◽  
Novel Concept ◽  
Handover Scheme

The authors present a velocity-based bicasting handover scheme to optimize link layer handover performance for 4G wireless networks. Before presenting their scheme, as related works, they firstly describe general handover protocols which have been proposed in the previous research, in terms of the layers of network protocol stack. Then, they introduce state-of-the-art trends for handover protocols in three representative standardization groups of IEEE 802.16, 3GPP LTE, and 3GPP2. Finally, they present the proposed bicasting handover scheme. Original bicasting handover scheme enables all potential target base stations for a mobile station (MS) which prepares for handover to keep bicasted data, in advance before the MS actually performs handover. This scheme minimizes the packet transmission delay caused by handover, which achieves the seamless connectivity. However, it leads to an aggressive consumption of backhaul network resources. Moreover, if this scheme gets widely adopted for high data rate services and the demand for these services grows, it is expected that the amount of backhaul network resources consumed by the scheme will significantly increase. Therefore, the authors propose a novel bicasting handover scheme which not only minimizes link layer handover delay but also reduces the consumption of backhaul network resources in 4G wireless networks. For the proposed scheme, they exploit the velocity parameter of MS and a novel concept of bicasting threshold is specified for the proposed mobile speed groups. Simulations prove the efficiency of the proposed scheme over the original one in reducing the amount of consumed backhaul network resources without inducing any service quality degradation.

scholarly journals Efficient Priority Access to the Shared Commercial Radio with Offloading for Public Safety in LTE Heterogeneous Networks

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chafika Tata ◽  
Michel Kadoch
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Public Safety ◽  
The Other ◽  
Small Cells ◽  
Radio Network ◽  
Network Resources ◽  
Commercial Radio ◽  
Radio Resources ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

This paper presents the algorithm Courteous Priority Access to the shared commercial radio with offloading (CPAwO), for public safety network (PSN) over LTE heterogeneous networks (HetNets). We propose a solution for prioritization of PSN users with access to the commercial radio network resources. Our model offers additional radio resources to the PSN. Furthermore, it ensures a certain priority for commercial users by assigning quantities of additional radio resources through the courteous scheme. This allows delaying preemption and blocking bearers when the radio resources are limited. The other part of CPAwO model is to apply the principle of offloading in order to reduce the impact of the macrocell congestion. This technique is to switch the new bearers arriving at the LTE macrocells to small cells, in order to decrease the number of the blocked and interrupted bearers in the network. The results of the simulation showed that the allocation of radio resources via the courteous mechanism with offloading of new bearers to small cells reduces the rate of blocking bearers and delays the preemption of active bearers present in the LTE HetNets. It also reduces the cost of the end-to-end communications, thanks to the reallocation of free frequencies.

Self-Adapted Admission Control Model for Parlay on Heterogeneous Network

2012 ◽  
Vol 546-547 ◽  
pp. 1164-1170
Author(s):  
Hao Zhou ◽  
Jun Ping Wang ◽  
Suo Ju He
Keyword(s):  
Admission Control ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Telecommunication Network ◽  
Control Model ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Control Module ◽  
Simulation Results

Parlay Gateway has played an important role in application development on heterogeneous networks. For many third part’s applications accessing Telecommunication Network through it, it is likely to become the bottleneck of whole system. In this paper, the author proposed a self-adapted control model which is effective in admission control of Parlay Gateway. This method is made up of five modules, which are admission control module, waiting queue module, token generating module, scheduling module, and the overload detecting module. According to some simulation results, the author found it is useful and easy to be implemented.

scholarly journals A Self-Optimizing Technique Based on Vertical Handover for Load Balancing in Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Using Big Data Analytics

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 4737
Author(s):  
Mykola Beshley ◽  
Natalia Kryvinska ◽  
Oleg Yaremko ◽  
Halyna Beshley
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Networks ◽  
Big Data ◽  
Load Balancing ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
Heterogeneous Wireless Networks ◽  
Big Data Analytics ◽  
Vertical Handover ◽  
Network Resources

With the heterogeneity and collaboration of many wireless operators (2G/3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi), the priority is to effectively manage shared radio resources and ensure transparent user movement, which includes mechanisms such as mobility support, handover, quality of service (QoS), security and pricing. This requires considering the transition from the current mobile network architecture to a new paradigm based on collecting and storing information in big data for further analysis and decision making. For this reason, the management of big data analytics-driven networks in a cloud environment is an urgent issue, as the growth of its volume is becoming a challenge for today’s mobile infrastructure. Thus, we have formalized the problem of access network selection to improve the quality of mobile services through the efficient use of heterogeneous wireless network resources and optimal horizontal–vertical handover procedures. We proposed a method for adaptive selection of a wireless access node in a heterogeneous environment. A structural diagram of the optimization stages for wireless heterogeneous networks was developed, making it possible to improve the efficiency of their functioning. A model for studying the processes of functioning of a heterogeneous network environment is proposed. This model uses the methodology of big data evaluation to perform data transmission monitoring, analysis of tasks generated by network users, and statistical output of vertical handover initiation in (2G/3G/4G/5G/Wi-Fi) mobile communication infrastructure. The model allows studying the issues of optimization of operators’ networks by implementing the algorithm of redistribution of its network resources and providing flexible load balancing with QoS users in mind. The effectiveness of the proposed solutions is evaluated, and the performance of the heterogeneous network is increased by 16% when using the method of static reservation of network resources, compared to homogeneous networks, and another 13% when using a uniform distribution of resources and a dynamic process of their reservation, as well as compared to the previous method. An appropriate self-optimizing technique based on vertical handover for load balancing in heterogeneous wireless networks, using big data analytics, improves the QoS for users.

An Intuitionistic Fuzzy Based Novel Approach to CPU Scheduler

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 316-328
Author(s):  
Supriya Raheja
Keyword(s):  
Fuzzy Inference ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simulation Environment ◽  
Inference System ◽  
Intuitionistic Fuzzy ◽  
Novel Approach ◽  
Continuous Feedback ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Effectiveness And Efficiency ◽  
Unique Capability

Background: The extension of CPU schedulers with fuzzy has been ascertained better because of its unique capability of handling imprecise information. Though, other generalized forms of fuzzy can be used which can further extend the performance of the scheduler. Objectives: This paper introduces a novel approach to design an intuitionistic fuzzy inference system for CPU scheduler. Methods: The proposed inference system is implemented with a priority scheduler. The proposed scheduler has the ability to dynamically handle the impreciseness of both priority and estimated execution time. It also makes the system adaptive based on the continuous feedback. The proposed scheduler is also capable enough to schedule the tasks according to dynamically generated priority. To demonstrate the performance of proposed scheduler, a simulation environment has been implemented and the performance of proposed scheduler is compared with the other three baseline schedulers (conventional priority scheduler, fuzzy based priority scheduler and vague based priority scheduler). Results: Proposed scheduler is also compared with the shortest job first CPU scheduler as it is known to be an optimized solution for the schedulers. Conclusion: Simulation results prove the effectiveness and efficiency of intuitionistic fuzzy based priority scheduler. Moreover, it provides optimised results as its results are comparable to the results of shortest job first.

scholarly journals Optimal Decision-Making to Charge Electric Vehicles in Heterogeneous Networks: Stackelberg Game Approach

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shijun Chen ◽  
Huwei Chen ◽  
Shanhe Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Electric Vehicles ◽  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Demand Uncertainty ◽  
Stackelberg Game ◽  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Stackelberg Equilibrium ◽  
Optimal Decision ◽  
Charging Station ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Grid Operators

Electric vehicles (EVs) are designed to improve the efficiency of energy and prevent the environment from being polluted, when they are widely and reasonably used in the transport system. However, due to the feature of EV’s batteries, the charging problem plays an important role in the application of EVs. Fortunately, with the help of advanced technologies, charging stations powered by smart grid operators (SGOs) can easily and conveniently solve the problems and supply charging service to EV users. In this paper, we consider that EVs will be charged by charging station operators (CSOs) in heterogeneous networks (Hetnet), through which they can exchange the information with each other. Considering the trading relationship among EV users, CSOs, and SGOs, we design their own utility functions in Hetnet, where the demand uncertainty is taken into account. In order to maximize the profits, we formulate this charging problem as a four-stage Stackelberg game, through which the optimal strategy is studied and analyzed. In the Stackelberg game model, we theoretically prove and discuss the existence and uniqueness of the Stackelberg equilibrium (SE). Using the proposed iterative algorithm, the optimal solution can be obtained in the optimization problem. The performance of the strategy is shown in the simulation results. It is shown that the simulation results confirm the efficiency of the model in Hetnet.

scholarly journals MultiVERSE: a multiplex and multiplex-heterogeneous network embedding approach

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Léo Pio-Lopez ◽  
Alberto Valdeolivas ◽  
Laurent Tichit ◽  
Élisabeth Remy ◽  
Anaïs Baudot
Keyword(s):  
Heterogeneous Networks ◽  
Heterogeneous Network ◽  
Link Prediction ◽  
Network Embedding ◽  
Multiplex Networks ◽  
Multiplex Network ◽  
Gene Associations ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Embedding Methods ◽  
Node Embeddings

AbstractNetwork embedding approaches are gaining momentum to analyse a large variety of networks. Indeed, these approaches have demonstrated their effectiveness in tasks such as community detection, node classification, and link prediction. However, very few network embedding methods have been specifically designed to handle multiplex networks, i.e. networks composed of different layers sharing the same set of nodes but having different types of edges. Moreover, to our knowledge, existing approaches cannot embed multiple nodes from multiplex-heterogeneous networks, i.e. networks composed of several multiplex networks containing both different types of nodes and edges. In this study, we propose MultiVERSE, an extension of the VERSE framework using Random Walks with Restart on Multiplex (RWR-M) and Multiplex-Heterogeneous (RWR-MH) networks. MultiVERSE is a fast and scalable method to learn node embeddings from multiplex and multiplex-heterogeneous networks. We evaluate MultiVERSE on several biological and social networks and demonstrate its performance. MultiVERSE indeed outperforms most of the other methods in the tasks of link prediction and network reconstruction for multiplex network embedding, and is also efficient in link prediction for multiplex-heterogeneous network embedding. Finally, we apply MultiVERSE to study rare disease-gene associations using link prediction and clustering. MultiVERSE is freely available on github at https://github.com/Lpiol/MultiVERSE.

A Multiregion Model with Capital Accumulation and Endogenous Amenities

2007 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 2248-2270 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei-Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Comparative Statics ◽  
The Other ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Unique Equilibrium ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Technological Differences ◽  
National Output ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Wage Disparities

The author develops a multiregional growth model with endogenous amenity and capital accumulation for any number of regions. The simulation results demonstrate that the national dynamics have a unique equilibrium. Comparative statics analysis shows that, if environmental improvement occurs in the technologically advanced (less advanced) region, the national output rises (falls). As a region improves its technology, the other two regions' aggregated output levels fall—not only in relative, but also in absolute, terms. This implies that if any region has a high rate of technological change and the other regions remain technologically stationary, then economic activities will tend to be concentrated in the technologically advancing region. It is also shown that technological differences appear to play only a small role in accounting for spatial wage disparities and endowments.

Simulation on Effect of Five Kinds of Belt Structures on Tire Performance

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Yong Liu ◽  
Ge Zhang ◽  
Hua Yan ◽  
Yu Mei Ding ◽  
Wei Min Yang
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Better Than

In this article, three kinds of belt named B, C and D type are invented, then their main performance are compared with the other two kinds of belt structures introduced in previous papers. Simulation results showed that B and D-type belts are better than the other three. Comparatively the latter needs less material, its molding process is easier, and the tire body is lighter than B type tire, so in general it can be considered that D-type belt is the best among the five kinds of belt structures.

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