The Regulatory Environment of Non-Profit Higher Education and Research Institutions and Its Implications for Managerial Strategy

2017 ◽  
pp. 336-351
Author(s):  
Marian Mahat ◽  
Alan Pettigrew
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Managerial Strategy ◽  
Market Pressures

The concept of strategy in non-profit higher education is a contested issue. It is argued that strategy, in the business sense, does not apply to a substantially public and more institutionalized sector such as higher education and is not achievable in complex, loosely coupled organizations such as universities. Additionally, strategy does not sit easily with organizations operating in regulated contexts limiting competitive market pressures. This chapter discusses the regulatory environment of non-profit higher education by focusing on one of the most highly regulated disciplines: medical education and research. The chapter will begin by developing a context for discussion by firstly mapping the landscape of Australian medical education and research. Subsequently, the chapter argues that medical schools and research institutes need to exercise as much discretion as they can in the area under their control, develop sound strategies to deal with their changed circumstances, and develop a coherent and defensible basis for decision making through assessing their environment.

Understanding Budget Models in Higher Education and their Applications to Kinesiology: Strategies for Success

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 221-228 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael S. Willett ◽  
Damon P.S. Andrew ◽  
Mary E. Rudisill
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Cost Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Management Process ◽  
Institutional Performance ◽  
Performance Accountability ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
Market Pressures ◽  
Improve Cost

Market pressures and external demands to sustain access, improve cost management and accountability, and increase productivity continue to persist in departments and schools of kinesiology. Confidence in the sustainability of an institution’s business model is eroding. To address these challenges, one possible approach for enhancing institutional performance, accountability, and stability is to revise an institution’s management process or budgeting model. Indicators suggest that many institutions are changing budget models to an incentive-based budgeting (IBB) system (i.e., responsibility-centered management [RCM]). The management strategies reviewed in this article are important for higher education budget administrators that implement, or are considering implementing, an IBB system as a means for assessing outcomes or institutional decision-making.

scholarly journals Pre-graduation Grade Inflation in Medical Training in Turkey: A Longitudinal Study From 2005 to 2020

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
ENGİN KARADAG
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Medical Education ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Grade Inflation ◽  
Academic Degree ◽  
Grade Point ◽  
Non Profit ◽  
Course Grades ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
Education In Turkey

Abstract Background: Grade inflation in higher education institutions, that is the increase in students’ grades, has been observed since the 1960s. There are comprehensive proofs that document the allegations, prevalence and severity of grade inflation in higher education especially in American universities for the past 10 years. This study analyzes the change in the ratio of those graduated with a “very good (>2.99)” degree from medical education in Turkey within a 15-year-long period, the grade inflation (when all other factors are constant), and factors that affect the course grade. Methods: The analyses were carried out using the grade point average (GPA) of 9.618 students graduated from the medical faculty of 25 universities in Turkey, and 288.540 student grade for 7.597 courses. The study used the “real” university random effects estimator modeling considering the differences in universities with correlation, ANOVA, t-test and ANCOVA analyses. Results and Conclusion: The results revealed that there was a marginal increase in grades in medical training before graduation after checking the effects of factors that might affect the graduation grades. The 29% grade inflation detected is in line with the literature and is one of the highest values that have been reported so far. It was also detected that the ratio of graduates with a “very good (>2.99)” degree was 17% in 2005 and it increased to 46% in 2020. Additionally, the class size, academic degree of the tutor, grade, content of the course, types of the universities (public & non-profit private), accreditation of the program, and the age of the faculty are important determinants of course grades. According to these results, it is clear that both the uncontrolled expansion of medical faculties in Turkey and the decrease in quality cause an increase in grades. One of the most important results obtained is that accreditation slows down the grade inflation. Both the course grades following the accreditation process and the inflation in the graduation grades (grade inflation) slowed down significantly in the accredited faculties. This finding is an important example of the necessity of accreditation, which is referred to as the “golden standard” to improve the quality of medical education.

scholarly journals Educational Activities of Research Institutions in the Field of Expert Ensuring of Justice: Urgent Issues of Administrative and Legal Regulation

2019 ◽  
Vol 85 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-65
Author(s):  
O. V. Agapova
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Educational Activity ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Highly Qualified ◽  
Educational Activities ◽  
Research Institutes ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Doctor Of Philosophy ◽  
Research Institute

The purpose of the article is to study actual issues of administrative and legal regulation of providing educational activities to research institutions in the sphere of expert ensuring justice. It is devoted to the clarification of certain issues of the activity of research institutes of forensic examinations, which provide educational activities at the third (educational-scientific) level of higher education (preparation of applicants for higher education of the degree of doctor of philosophy). The modern administrative legislation is analysed and the proposals are given for improving educational activities, which affects the development of expert ensuring of justice in general. Studying of various scientific works on the problems of administrative and legal regulation of higher education institutions and scientific institutions during the training of highly qualified personnel (doctors of philosophy) allowed the author to form his own position regarding the educational activities of research institutes in the sphere of expert ensuring justice. The author focuses on the existing shortcomings and gaps in the administrative and legal regulation of the activities of research institutions, in particular, the issues related to the organization of the postgraduate departments’ departments and the problem of introducing information into the General Pablic Electronic Base on Questions of Education. It is emphasized the special legal nature of the Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations, who, besides forensic, scientific, scientific and technical, scientific and organizational activity, is attracted to the implementation of educational activities, which directly affects the development in the field of expert ensuring justice. The educational activity of Hon. Prof. M. S. Bokarius Kharkiv Research Institute of Forensic Examinations in the field of higher education is considered as an additional type of activity of the scientific institution.

scholarly journals WashingtonOnline Virtual Campus: Infusing Culture in Dispersed Web-Based Higher Education

2004 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shalin Hai-Jew
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Virtual Teams ◽  
Online Community ◽  
Virtual Community ◽  
Virtual Campus ◽  
Leadership Culture ◽  
Loosely Coupled ◽  
Geographically Dispersed ◽  
College System

<p>Started in 1997, WashingtonOnline Virtual Campus (WAOL) consists of a consortium of 34 community colleges around Washington State to provide asynchronous online learning. WAOL bears many of the features of a loosely coupled organization with its geographically dispersed frontline instructors, fragmented external environment, modularity of courses and supervision, and its use of enhanced leadership and technology to communicate a culture. Recent surveys of its administration, instructors, and staff found disparities in various constituencies’ perspectives on the organization’s culture, decision-making, values, brand or reputation, communications, and WAOL’s authorizing environment. Research suggests that WAOL benefits from some aspects of loose coupling: greater adaptive abilities and responsiveness to the State’s college system; “fast” course development and launching; and isolated breakdowns. There is, however, a persistent difficulty in conveying a cohesive culture. There is a perception of WAOL’s invisibility among its varied constituencies. This organization is at a crossroads, with the threat of colleges disconnecting from this consortium. WAOL should redefine its direction and purpose, such as coupling with local universities to provide not only associates degrees but full Baccalaureate and/ or Masters degrees. It may strengthen its position by improving learner supports, publicizing its decisions, creating a stronger sense of virtual community among the instructors (as in its recent creation of an online community for instructors), increased participative decision-making and use of line faculty and staff insights, and greater course varieties.</P> <P><B>Keywords:</B> leadership, culture, organizations, organizational culture, consortiums, partnership, disintermediation, virtual organization, loosely coupled organization, distance learning, virtual leadership, virtual teams, virtual culture, technology mediation, community college, higher education, email communications, online student services</P>

scholarly journals The State Of Higher Education In 2012

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frank L. Kurre ◽  
Larry Ladd ◽  
Mary F. Foster ◽  
Michael J. Monahan ◽  
Daniel Romano
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Education Sector ◽  
Regulatory Environment ◽  
Ethical Challenges ◽  
Digital Revolution ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Governmental Support ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Market Pressures ◽  
New Strategies

The higher education sector is experiencing an escalating pace of change. Even colleges and universities with the greatest resources and strongest brands are confronting change, particularly as a result of the digital revolution that is radically impacting modes of learning and accessibility to knowledge. These changes are driven by market pressures i.e., by the demands and expectations of students and faculty. At the same time, all of higher education continues its evolution in response to ongoing price pressures, to reduced governmental support, to growing competition from the for-profit higher education sector, to its own ethical challenges, and to changes in the regulatory environment. Boards, presidents, provosts and CFOs are addressing these risks and challenges with new strategies and unique action plans that are a far cry from traditional approaches to higher education.

Evaluation of the Academic Setting in Spain 1This study was financed by the University of Oviedo.

1995 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 133-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Fernández ◽  
Miguel A. Mateo ◽  
José Muñiz
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Social Climate ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Academic Setting ◽  
Teaching And Research ◽  
Evaluation Questionnaire ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
The University

The conditions are investigated in which Spanish university teachers carry out their teaching and research functions. 655 teachers from the University of Oviedo took part in this study by completing the Academic Setting Evaluation Questionnaire (ASEQ). Of the three dimensions assessed in the ASEQ, Satisfaction received the lowest ratings, Social Climate was rated higher, and Relations with students was rated the highest. These results are similar to those found in two studies carried out in the academic years 1986/87 and 1989/90. Their relevance for higher education is twofold because these data can be used as a complement of those obtained by means of students' opinions, and the crossing of both types of data can facilitate decision making in order to improve the quality of the work (teaching and research) of the university institutions.

To Investigate the Critical Influencing Factors for Decision Making Process of Students Who Want to Study Abroad

2019 ◽  
Vol 118 (11) ◽  
pp. 619-624
Author(s):  
JueJueMyint Toe ◽  
Ali Abdulbaqi Ameen ◽  
Sui Reng Liana ◽  
Amiya Bhaumik
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Study Abroad ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
International Level ◽  
Continuing Higher Education ◽  
Clear Trend ◽  
The People ◽  
Study Overseas

Myanmar is the developing country and its education system is not yet to international level. Hence, most of the young adults, who like to upgrade their knowledge global wide and to gain international recognized higher educational certificates, choose to study overseas rather than continuing higher education after their high education nowadays, that becomes the trend of young people to study overseas since the competency among the people is getting intense based on the education level in every industry. The purpose of this research is to understand that students’ decision making process of selecting university. The study will be conducted to see clear trend of Myanmar students’ decision making of studying in abroad. This research will cover the context of what is Myanmar students’ perception of abroad, how they consider among other countries and explaining those factors which determine Myanmar students’ choice and how they decide to study abroad.

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