Interaction in Distance Education

2018 ◽  
pp. 222-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evrim Genc Kumtepe ◽  
Nazife Sen Ersoy
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Transactional Distance ◽  
Interaction Interaction ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
Cultural Comparisons ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Instructional Dialogue

Education is a product of the objects and actors in the process of interaction. Interaction is, therefore, an important factor that affects the quality and sustainability of education. For this reason, this section will focus on interaction and its theories and approaches which are a popular and versatile concept in distance education. In the first part of the chapter, the concept of interaction will be discussed with different dimensions and components. Interaction in the following section will be examined within the framework of Moore's Theory of Transactional Distance, Anderson's Interaction Equivalency Theorem, and Gorsky and Caspi's Theory of Instructional Dialogue. At the end of the chapter, the nature of the interaction in distance learning will be discussed in the context of the studies on instructional dialogue and the cross-cultural comparisons will be addressed to the issue of the role of interaction in distance settings.

Maintaining harmony across the globe: The cross-cultural role of closeness in interpersonal forgiveness

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johan Karremans ◽  
Camillo Regalia ◽  
Giorgia Paleari ◽  
Frank Fincham ◽  
Ming Cui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Interpersonal Forgiveness ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Cultural Role

The Distinctiveness Principle: Identity, Meaning, and the Bounds of Cultural Relativity

2000 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 337-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivian L. Vignoles ◽  
Xenia Chryssochoou ◽  
Glynis M. Breakwell
Keyword(s):  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Cultural Relativity ◽  
Identity Processes ◽  
Cultural Systems ◽  
Construction Of Meaning ◽  
The Cross ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Precise Role

Extending theories of distinctiveness motivation in identity (Breakwell, 1987; Brewer, 1991; Snyder & Fromkin, 1980), we discuss the precise role of distinctiveness in identity processes and the cross-cultural generality of the distinctiveness principle. We argue that (a) within Western cultures, distinctiveness is necessaryfor the construction of meaning within identity, and (b) the distinctiveness principle is not incompatible with non-Western cultural systems. We propose a distinction among three sources of distinctiveness: position, difference, and separateness, with different implications for identity and behavior. These sources coexist within cultures, on both individual and group levels of selfrepresentation, but they may be emphasized differently according to culture and context.

Why Do Easterners Have Lower Well-Being Than Westerners? The Role of Others’ Approval Contingencies of Self-Worth in the Cross-Cultural Differences in Subjective Well-Being

2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 217-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cheng-Hong Liu ◽  
Yi-Hsing Claire Chiu ◽  
Jen-Ho Chang
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
Well Being ◽  
The United States ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Cross Cultural Differences ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Self Worth ◽  
The Cross

Previous studies have shown that Easterners generally perceive themselves as having lower subjective well-being compared with Westerners, and several mechanisms causing such differences have been identified. However, few studies have analyzed the causes of such differences from the perspective of the cross-cultural differences in the meanings of important life events such as whether people receive approval from others. Specifically, events regarding others’ approval might have different meanings to and influences on Easterners and Westerners. Thus, the degree of fluctuation of people’s views of self-worth in response to these events (i.e., others’ approval contingencies of self-worth [CSW]) probably differs between Easterners and Westerners. This may be a reason for cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. We investigated two samples of undergraduate students from Taiwan and the United States to examine the mediating role of others’ approval CSW in forming cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. The results revealed that Taiwanese participants exhibited lower subjective well-being and higher others’ approval CSW than American participants. In addition, others’ approval CSW partially mediated the cross-cultural differences in subjective well-being. Thus, one reason for lower subjective well-being among Easterners was likely that their self-esteem was more prone to larger fluctuations depending on whether they receive approval from others in everyday life.

Networking Learners Using Online Asynchronous Discussions

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-77
Author(s):  
Ashwini K. Datt
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Transactional Distance ◽  
Learning Networks ◽  
Pedagogical Strategy ◽  
Learning Network ◽  
Asynchronous Discussions ◽  
Video Broadcast ◽  
Distance Courses

Online asynchronous discussions (OADs) are a prospective tool for creating learning networks that can minimize transactional distance and humanize distance learning. Using it to support effective communication and interaction among learners in video-based distance courses requires special skills and consideration. This research evaluates the use of OADs in a second and third year sociology undergraduate video-broadcast course (VBC). Patterns of participation and interaction were examined using the network and content analysis tools to determine the effectiveness of OADs as a pedagogical strategy. The role of the teacher in establishing a learning network between on-campus and distance students was also investigated.

Marketing Library Services to Distance Learners

2011 ◽  
pp. 1391-1398
Author(s):  
Allyson Washburn ◽  
Terri Pedersen Summey
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Academic Skills ◽  
Distance Learners ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
Post Secondary ◽  
Research Libraries

“The ACRL Guidelines for Distance Learning Library Services (2000) assert ‘access to adequate library services and resources is essential for the attainment of superior academic skills in post-secondary education, regardless of where students, faculty, and programs are located’ ” (Nicholas and Tomeo, 2005). Additionally, the guidelines include responsibility for promotion of library services to both students and faculty in distance education programs (Association of College and Research Libraries, Distance Learning Section, 2004, p.4). As the number of distance education programs and courses grows, and as methods of delivery evolve, distance education librarians have pro-actively assumed the role of providing equitable services and resources to all distance students using the Guidelines as a framework. However, providing the services and resources accomplishes nothing if faculty and students are not aware of them. Effective marketing efforts are needed to maximize the awareness and use of library services and resources.

scholarly journals The paradox role of extraversion in the cross-cultural adjustment process of Asian expatriates

2019 ◽  
Vol Volume 12 ◽  
pp. 179-194
Author(s):  
Asia Rafiq ◽  
Sharjeel Saleem ◽  
Mohsin Bashir ◽  
Arfan Ali
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Adjustment ◽  
Cross Cultural ◽  
Adjustment Process ◽  
The Cross

scholarly journals Adapting Structuration theory as a Comprehensive Theory for Distance Education: The ASTIDE Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-35 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Aktaruzzaman ◽  
Margaret Plunkett
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Structuration Theory ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Transactional Distance ◽  
Comprehensive Model ◽  
International Level ◽  
Transactional Distance Theory ◽  
Comprehensive Theory ◽  
Instructional Dialogue ◽  
Developing And Developed Countries

Abstract Distance Education (DE) theorists have argued about the requirement for a theory to be comprehensive in a way that can explicate many of the activities associated with DE. Currently, Transactional Distance Theory (TDT) (Moore, 1993) and the Theory of Instructional Dialogue (IDT) (Caspi & Gorsky, 2006) are the most prominent theories, yet they still do not represent a unified and comprehensive theory for DE. This paper provides a review of the existing literature on DE theories and identifies potential gaps in theorising distance education. Building on Giddens’ (1984) work, an innovative approach to theorising DE is proposed through the conceptualisation of the Adapting Structuration Theory In Distance Education (ASTIDE) model as a means to explicate DE operations and practices at the institutional and national/international level. It also presents evidence, from a larger study, of the necessity of a comprehensive model such as the ASTIDE constructed through an investigation into the DE systems of developing and developed countries.

scholarly journals A pedagogical framework for mobile learning: Categorizing educational applications of mobile technologies into four types

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yeonjeong Park
Keyword(s):  
Distance Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Mobile Learning ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
Transactional Distance ◽  
Mobile Technologies ◽  
Instructional Designers ◽  
Learning To Learn

Instructional designers and educators recognize the potential of mobile technologies as a learning tool for students and have incorporated them into the distance learning environment. However, little research has been done to categorize the numerous examples of mobile learning in the context of distance education, and few instructional design guidelines based on a solid theoretical framework for mobile learning exist. In this paper I compare mobile learning (m-learning) with electronic learning (e-learning) and ubiquitous learning (u-learning) and describe the technological attributes and pedagogical affordances of mobile learning presented in previous studies. I modify transactional distance (TD) theory and adopt it as a relevant theoretical framework for mobile learning in distance education. Furthermore, I attempt to position previous studies into four types of mobile learning: 1) high transactional distance socialized m-learning, 2) high transactional distance individualized m-learning, 3) low transactional distance socialized m-learning, and 4) low transactional distance individualized m-learning. As a result, this paper can be used by instructional designers of open and distance learning to learn about the concepts of mobile learning and how mobile technologies can be incorporated into their teaching and learning more effectively.

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