The Morality of Reporting Safety Concerns in Aviation

2019 ◽  
pp. 50-61
Author(s):  
Kawtar Tani
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Moral Theories ◽  
Ethical Situation

A previous investigation into the morality of actions suggested that individuals' levels of cognitive moral development strongly influence their decisions regarding what is right or wrong, and focused upon the rights, duties, and obligations involved in a particular ethical situation. Using the cognitive moral development framework, this chapter sought to explore the moral reasoning behind aviation employees' intentions to report wrongdoing in the aviation context. Findings indicated that a significant association between participants' intentions to intervene in a wrongdoing situation and their level of moral reasoning exists. Specifically, the modal level of participants' moral reasoning was consistent with the conventional level of moral theories and was higher for participants who stated that they would intervene than for participants who stated they would not intervene in a wrongdoing situation.

The Morality of Reporting Safety Concerns in Aviation

2018 ◽  
pp. 3194-3204
Author(s):  
Kawtar Tani
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Previous Investigation ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Safety Concerns ◽  
Development Framework ◽  
Moral Theories ◽  
Ethical Situation

Previous investigation into the morality of actions suggested that individuals' level of cognitive moral development, strongly influences their decisions regarding what is right or wrong, and focuses upon the rights, duties and obligations involved in a particular ethical situation. Using the cognitive moral development framework, this research sought to explore the moral reasoning behind aviation employees' intentions to report wrongdoing in the aviation context. Findings indicated that a significant association between participants' intentions to intervene in a wrongdoing situation, and their level of moral reasoning exists. Specifically, the modal level of participants' moral reasoning was consistent with the Conventional level of moral theories, and was higher for participants who stated that they would intervene, than for participants who stated they would not intervene in a wrongdoing situation.

Cognitive Moral Development and Marketing

1992 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-68 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerry R. Goolsby ◽  
Shelby D. Hunt
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Academic Disciplines ◽  
Marketing Theory ◽  
Socially Responsible ◽  
Highly Educated

Many academic disciplines are approaching the study of ethics from a cognitive orientation by exploring the moral reasoning processes individuals use to make ethical judgments. The authors empirically examine a rich theoretical concept with an extensive research-based literature, cognitive moral development or CMD, as it relates to professional marketing. Controlling for similar educational background, they find that (1) professional marketing practitioners compare favorably with other social groups, (2) marketers scoring high on CMD tend to be female and highly educated, and (3) marketers with advanced moral reasoning properties tend to have socially responsible attitudes and behaviors. Implications for marketing theory, education, and practice are discussed.

scholarly journals Examining Moral Reasoning and Transactional Leadership behaviour in the Nigerian Public Sector

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (3(J)) ◽  
pp. 110-118
Author(s):  
Chikelu Okey Felix ◽  
Rosita Bint Arshad .
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Leadership Styles ◽  
Transactional Leadership ◽  
Leadership Style ◽  
Structural Model ◽  
Defining Issues Test ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
The Individual

The relationship between moral reasoning and leadership style has received considerable attention for decades, however this has been not fully explicated as different leadership styles elist different ethical values. What constitutes moral behaviour is conflicting and subjective. This study examines public leaders’ degree of moral judgment associated with leadership styles in a public sector organization. To test the hypothesized relationship, data were collected using questionnaire survey distributed to 550 workers out which 300 were found worthy to be used. The Defining Issues Test (DIT2) and the Multifactor leadership questionnaire (MLQ X5) were completed by leaders and subordinates respectively. The PLS path analysis of the structural model indicates significant statistical relationship between cognitive moral development (CMD) and transactional leadership style (TSL) ( β= -0.214, P< 0.012). However, we argue that cognitive moral development is amiable to the individual qualities of the leader that might necessitate the application of particular leadership style and behaviour. We also found collaboration evidence that leaders high in cognitive moral development are perceived more as transformational leaders by their subordinates. Finally, we suggest that the dichotomies between moral reasoning and leadership style are hinged more on individual leadership values and motivational beliefs.

Genetics, Parenting, and Moral Development

2019 ◽  
pp. 106-128
Author(s):  
Dana Vertsberger ◽  
Salomon Israel ◽  
Ariel Knafo-Noam
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Prosocial Behavior ◽  
Dopaminergic System ◽  
Molecular Genetic ◽  
Parental Influences ◽  
Serotonergic System ◽  
Social Situations ◽  
Gene Environment ◽  
The Way

This chapter reviews findings regarding genetic and parental influences on moral development, and is organized according to three morally relevant components: cognitive, affective, and behavioral. The cognitive component refers to the conceptualization of right and wrong, and specifically moral reasoning and values. The affective component refers to feelings related to reactions to social situations and evaluations of chosen actions, focusing on emotions such as empathy, guilt, and pride. The behavioral component refers to the way individuals choose to behave, and specifically to prosocial behavior. We review relevant quantitative and molecular genetic designs, and particularly four neurobiological systems: the dopaminergic system, the oxytocinergic and vasopressinergic systems, and the serotonergic system, which have been found to be associated with moral development. In addition, we review parents’ influences on moral development, in the context of gene-environment interactions and correlations.

Collectivism in Moral Development

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 967-975 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang-Ho C. Ji
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Defining Issues Test ◽  
T Test ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Asian People

This study investigated the relations among ethnicity, moral reasoning, and collectivism by administering the Defining Issues Test and the Individualism-Collectivism Scale to 165 Euro-American and Asian graduate students. To the data were applied analyses of variance, correlation, t test, and regression analyses. The analysis indicated that the Asian subjects had lower P scores on the Defining Issues Test so Kohlberg's model may not incorporate the concerns and experience of Asian people. The study also showed that scores on collectivism were not necessarily associated with low P scores.

scholarly journals Individual’s Characteristics and Ethical Financial Reporting Choice

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 141
Author(s):  
Yunita Dwi Rahayu ◽  
Anis Chariri
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Professional Ethics ◽  
Logistic Regression Model ◽  
Risk Preference ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Ethical Considerations

<p>The aim of this study is to examine the influence of individuals’ characteristics such as cognitive moral development, idealism, machiavellianism, deontology, and risk preference on the ethical financial reporting choice. The accountant profession cannot be separated from many ethical considerations that have been set with the professional ethics, and the professional ethics will be closely related with the individuals to consider how far they have applied those professional ethics, thus this research aims to identify whether the individuals’ characteristics influence the ethical financial reporting choice. This research is expected to be an important reference in the development of accounting knowledge particularly that which is related with the ethical-based financial reporting.  Total sample of 56 respondent were used for this study. Primary data gained through questionnaires were analyzed using logistic regression model. The findings of this study showed that risk preference had negatively significant influence on ethical financial reporting choice, while cognitive moral development, idealism, machiavellianism, and deontology had no significant effect on ethical financial reporting choice.</p>

scholarly journals Differences in Moral Reasoning Among Medical Graduates Compared With Graduates of Other Degrees and Adults Without Professional Degrees

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Guadalupe Jean-Tron ◽  
Diana Ávila-Montiel ◽  
Horacio Márquez-González ◽  
Gina del Carmen Chapa-Koloffon ◽  
José Antonio Orozco-Morales ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Moral Reasoning ◽  
Education Level ◽  
Defining Issues Test ◽  
Master's Students ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Medical Graduates ◽  
Education Levels ◽  
Natural Characteristic ◽  
Professional Degrees

Abstract Background. When we talk about morality, a question arises as to whether it is a natural characteristic of humans—that is, whether it is what people should pursue as individuals or whether it is a social construct. Kohlberg established six progressive stages of moral judgment that form three levels of moral development, showing the development of people’s thinking on moral issues that is characterized by the aforementioned criteria. Methods. This study’s objective was to compare the level of moral reasoning among graduate students in medicine with a group of young graduates from other degrees and a group of non-professional adults.The moral reasoning questionnaire (Defining Issues Test, DIT) designed by James Rest based on Kohlberg’s theory (Rest 1979) was applied. In total, 304 questionnaires were completed. Results. Depending on the population studied, differences have been found in the profile of moral development. The profile of family clinic users showed a very high predominance of subjects in category 1 at 70%, but only 4.5% in category 3, while in the group of pediatric specialty students, 37.5% were found in category 1 and 34% in category 3. They were the group with the highest percentage in this category. This vast difference could be because the differences in the age and socio-education levels of the beneficiaries are much wider than that of the residents. However, differences are also found if the profiles of residents are compared with those of master’s students because the latter comprised 56% in category 1 and 19% in category 3. We also found differences in the profiles of moral development based on the highest education level. Conclusions. Based on the results of this study, the population could be classified into three levels of moral development, the first level being the predominant one and the third the least common, as we expected prior to the study. The reason why some individuals reach the highest level while others do not remains a question to be addressed. The results show us that there is a difference in some populations depending on education level and even the type of degree pursued.

The joint influence of client attributes and cognitive moral development on students’ ethical judgments

2007 ◽  
Vol 25 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 59-73 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duane M. Brandon ◽  
William A. Kerler ◽  
Larry N. Killough ◽  
Jennifer M. Mueller
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Ethical Judgments ◽  
Joint Influence

Child Security in Cyberspace through Moral Cognition

2014 ◽  
pp. 1946-1958
Author(s):  
Satya Prakash ◽  
Abhishek Vaish ◽  
Natalie Coul ◽  
G. Kumar Saravana ◽  
T. N. Srinidhi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Moral Development ◽  
Parental Care ◽  
Parental Control ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Moral Cognition ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Software ◽  
A New Technique ◽  
Standard Tests

The increasing number of threats in cyberspace has meant that every internet user is at a greater risk than ever before. Children are no exception to this exploitation, incurring psychological and financial stress. Technology is on a persistent pursuit of offering exquisite solution to address the problems associated with children on the cyberspace. With every new product for parental control to secure children, comes a new technique to trespass the same. Consequently it summons an approach to look beyond technology; this paper aims to explore the relevance of moral cognition to decision making capability of children on the internet & the possibility of minimizing related risks using the observation. The authors establish a correlation between cognitive moral development and the cyber vulnerability level of children of age between 12 and 16 years, based on an empirical research using a comprehensive set of questionnaires and standard tests. The findings also paves path for future researchers to further analyze and implant features in the parental control software that would stimulate moral cognition, thereby redefining parental control software as parental care software.

Kohlberg’s Theory

2019 ◽  
pp. 91-110
Author(s):  
John C. Gibbs
Keyword(s):  
Moral Development ◽  
Life Span ◽  
Moral Judgment ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Cognitive Moral Development ◽  
Moral Life ◽  
Moral Perception ◽  
Existential Crisis ◽  
American Psychology ◽  
Specific Stage

Given this cognitive-developmental concern with superficiality-to-depth in moral judgment or understanding, Kohlberg was particularly concerned to discover and articulate an age trend and possible sequence of developmental advances or stages that may be universal. Our critique of Kohlberg’s theory notes that, although his specific stage typology was misguided, he almost single-handedly put cognitive moral development on the map of American psychology. He encouraged attention to the continued development of moral judgment beyond the childhood years. Finally, he speculated from case studies of mature moral thinkers in existential crisis that there may be a deeper reality (“cosmic perspective”), one that underlies profound moral perception and can support the moral life. Building from Kohlberg’s and others’ contributions, we propose in this chapter a new view of life-span sociomoral development.

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