PANI Thin Films for Solar Cells

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-215
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Conducting Polymer Composites ◽  
Ac Conduction

After the breakthrough of conducting polymers, an incredible interest has been paid to integrate them in electronic component fabrication as an alternative to metals. Polyaniline is the most extensively studied material due to the ease of synthesis, better environmental stability, and enormous scope to modify its properties for solar cell applications. The electrical conductivity of PANI can be altered according to the need for the application where electronic devices made of conducting polymer composites are significantly dependent on the dielectric properties of the materials. Therefore, this chapter has been dedicated to the low-frequency AC conduction and dielectric studies of conducting PANI followed by having PANI thin films as efficient donor or acceptor bulk heterojunction layer to the hybrid solar cells.

scholarly journals Description of a Naphthoquinonic Crystal Produced by the Fungus Scytalidium cuboideum

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (8) ◽  
pp. 1905 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarath Gutierrez ◽  
Kenya Hazell ◽  
John Simonsen ◽  
Seri Robinson
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Material Science ◽  
Rare Occurrence ◽  
Crystalline Materials ◽  
Art Form ◽  
Pink Pigment

Intarsia was an art form popular between the 15th–18th centuries that used wood pigmented by spalting fungi to create detailed landscapes, portraits, and other imagery. These fungi are still used today in art but are also finding relevance in material science as elements of solar cells, textile dyes, and paint colorants. Here we show that the spalting fungus Scytalidium cuboideum (Sacc. and Ellis) Sigler and Kang produces a red/pink pigment that forms two distinct colors of crystals (red and orange)—a very rare occurrence. In addition, a second structure of the crystal is proved through nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). This is only the second instance of a stable, naphthoquinone crystal produced by a fungus. Its discovery is particularly valuable for solar cell development, as crystalline materials have a higher electrical conductivity. Other fungi in this order have shown strong potential as thin films for solar cells.

Controlled in situ fabrication of Ag2O/AgO thin films by a dry chemical route at room temperature for hybrid solar cells

2014 ◽  
Vol 43 (29) ◽  
pp. 11333-11338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Wei ◽  
Yan Lei ◽  
Huimin Jia ◽  
Jiamei Cheng ◽  
Hongwei Hou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Photovoltaic Devices ◽  
Chemical Route ◽  
In Situ Fabrication

Silver oxides (Ag2O and AgO) have attracted increasing attention as potential solar cell materials for photovoltaic devices due to their ideal bandgap and non-toxicity.

scholarly journals Enhanced Device Performance of Bulk Heterojunction (BHJ) Hybrid Solar Cells Based on Colloidal CdSe Quantum Dots (QDs) via Optimized Hexanoic Acid-Assisted Washing Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alfian F. Madsuha ◽  
Akhmad H. Yuwono ◽  
Nofrijon Sofyan ◽  
Michael Krueger
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Electron Transport ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Hexanoic Acid ◽  
Cdse Quantum Dots ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell Application

As-synthesized colloidal quantum dots (QDs) are usually covered by an organic capping ligand. These ligands provide colloidal stability by preventing QDs agglomeration. However, their inherent electrical insulation properties deliver a problem for hybrid solar cell application, disrupting charge transfer, and electron transport in conjugated polymer/QDs photoactive blends. Therefore, a surface modification of QDs is crucial before QDs are integrated into solar cell fabrication. In this work, enhancement of power conversion efficiency (PCE) in bulk heterojunction (BHJ) hybrid solar cells based on hexadecylamine- (HDA-) capped CdSe quantum dots (QDs) has been achieved via a postsynthetic hexanoic acid washing treatment. The investigation of the surface modification was performed to find the optimum of washing time and their effect on solar cell devices performance. Variation of washing time between 16 and 30 min has been conducted, and an optimum washing time was found at 22 min, resulting in a high PCE of 2.81%. The efficiency enhancement indicates improved electron transport, contributing in an increased short-circuit current density of solar cell devices.

Hybrid solar cells of layer-by-layer thin films with a polymer/fullerene bulk heterojunction

2009 ◽  
Vol 93 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 762-767 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kohji Masuda ◽  
Michihiro Ogawa ◽  
Hideo Ohkita ◽  
Hiroaki Benten ◽  
Shinzaburo Ito
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells

Organic/Inorganic Hybrids for Solar Energy Generation

MRS Bulletin ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 35 (6) ◽  
pp. 422-428 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia W.P. Hsu ◽  
Matthew T. Lloyd
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Metal Oxide ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Environmental Stability ◽  
Attractive Alternative ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Oxide Interface ◽  
Hybrid Devices ◽  
The Impact

AbstractOrganic and hybrid (organic/inorganic) solar cells are an attractive alternative to traditional silicon-based photovoltaics due to low-temperature, solution-based processing and the potential for rapid, easily scalable manufacturing. Using oxide semiconductors, instead of fullerenes, as the electron acceptor and transporter in hybrid solar cells has the added advantages of better environmental stability, higher electron mobility, and the ability to engineer interfacial band offsets and hence the photovoltage. Further improvements to this structure can be made by using metal oxide nanostructures to increase heterojunction areas, similar to bulk heterojunction organic photovoltaics. However, compared to all-organic solar cells, these hybrid devices produce far lower photocurrent, making improvement of the photocurrent the highest priority. This points to a less than optimized polymer/metal oxide interface for carrier separation. In this article, we summarize recent work on examining the polymer structure, electron transfer, and recombination at the polythiophene-ZnO interface in hybrid solar cells. Additionally, the impact of chemical modification at the donor-acceptor interface on the device characteristics is reviewed.

Optimisation of diketopyrrolopyrrole:fullerene solar cell performance through control of polymer molecular weight and thermal annealing

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (45) ◽  
pp. 19282-19289 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenggang Huang ◽  
Elisa Collado Fregoso ◽  
Stoichko Dimitrov ◽  
Pabitra Shakya Tuladhar ◽  
Ying Woan Soon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Weight ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Thermal Annealing ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Polymer Molecular Weight ◽  
Solar Cell Performance ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

The performance of bulk heterojunction solar cells based on a novel donor polymer DPP-TT-T was optimised by tuning molecular weight and thermal annealing.

Bulk-heterojunction hybrid solar cells with non-toxic, earth abundant stannite phase CuZn2AlS4 nanocrystals

2018 ◽  
Vol 649 ◽  
pp. 202-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhirendra K. Chaudhary ◽  
Anima Ghosh ◽  
R. Thangavel ◽  
Lokendra Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Earth Abundant

Wet Imprinting of Channel-Type Superstructures in Nanostructured Titania Thin Films at Low Temperatures for Hybrid Solar Cells

ChemSusChem ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1179-1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Song ◽  
Tianyi Wang ◽  
Volker Körstgens ◽  
Weijia Wang ◽  
Nitin Saxena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Solar Cells ◽  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Hybrid Solar Cells ◽  
Nanostructured Titania ◽  
Channel Type

scholarly journals Conducting Polymers for Optoelectronic Devices and Organic Solar Cells: A Review

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ary R. Murad ◽  
Ahmed Iraqi ◽  
Shujahadeen B. Aziz ◽  
Sozan N. Abdullah ◽  
Mohamad A. Brza
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Conjugated Polymers ◽  
Molecular Orbital ◽  
Organic Solar Cells ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Polymer Solar Cells ◽  
Single Layer ◽  
Organic Polymer

In this review paper, we present a comprehensive summary of the different organic solar cell (OSC) families. Pure and doped conjugated polymers are described. The band structure, electronic properties, and charge separation process in conjugated polymers are briefly described. Various techniques for the preparation of conjugated polymers are presented in detail. The applications of conductive polymers for organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs), and organic photovoltaics (OPVs) are explained thoroughly. The architecture of organic polymer solar cells including single layer, bilayer planar heterojunction, and bulk heterojunction (BHJ) are described. Moreover, designing conjugated polymers for photovoltaic applications and optimizations of highest occupied molecular orbital (HOMO)–lowest unoccupied molecular orbital (LUMO) energy levels are discussed. Principles of bulk heterojunction polymer solar cells are addressed. Finally, strategies for band gap tuning and characteristics of solar cell are presented. In this article, several processing parameters such as the choice of solvent(s) for spin casting film, thermal and solvent annealing, solvent additive, and blend composition that affect the nano-morphology of the photoactive layer are reviewed.

Synergistic effects of solvent and polymer additives on solar cell performance and stability of small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (47) ◽  
pp. 18383-18391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyo-Sang Lee ◽  
Hyungju Ahn ◽  
Jea Woong Jo ◽  
BongSoo Kim ◽  
Hae Jung Son
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cells ◽  
Solar Cell ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Cell Performance ◽  
Polymer Additives ◽  
Solar Cell Performance ◽  
Heterojunction Solar Cells ◽  
Bulk Heterojunction Solar Cells

The combination of solvent and polymer additives synergistically enhances solar cell performance and the stability of small molecule bulk heterojunction solar cells.

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