Intelligent Agents for Competitive Advantage

2011 ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Mahesh Raisinghani ◽  
John H. Nugent
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Cycle Time ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Telecommunications Networks ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Level Model ◽  
High Level

This chapter presents a high-level model for employing intelligent agents in business management processes, much like has been successfully accomplished in complex telecommunications networks, in order to gain competitive advantage by timely, rapidly, and effectively using key, unfiltered measurements to improve cycle-time decision making. The importance of automated, timely, unfiltered (versus “end of period” filtered) reports is highlighted, as are some management issues relative to the pressures that may result concerning an organization’s employees who must now take action in near real time. Furthermore, the authors hope that understanding the underlying assumptions and theoretical constructs through the use of employing intelligent agents in business management processes as a sub element of, or tool within Business Intelligence (BI), will not only inform researchers of a better design for studying information systems, but also assist in the understanding of intricate relationships between different factors.

Modeling and design of role engineering in development of access control for dynamic information systems

2013 ◽  
Vol 61 (3) ◽  
pp. 569-579 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Poniszewska-Marańda
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Dynamic Information ◽  
Minimal Set ◽  
Distributed Information ◽  
Heterogeneous Information ◽  
System Protection ◽  
Level Model ◽  
Model Independent ◽  
Role Concept ◽  
High Level

Abstract Nowadays, the growth and complexity of functionalities of current information systems, especially dynamic, distributed and heterogeneous information systems, makes the design and creation of such systems a difficult task and at the same time, strategic for businesses. A very important stage of data protection in an information system is the creation of a high level model, independent of the software, satisfying the needs of system protection and security. The process of role engineering, i.e. the identification of roles and setting up in an organization is a complex task. The paper presents the modeling and design stages in the process of role engineering in the aspect of security schema development for information systems, in particular for dynamic, distributed information systems, based on the role concept and the usage concept. Such a schema is created first of all during the design phase of a system. Two actors should cooperate with each other in this creation process, the application developer and the security administrator, to determine the minimal set of user’s roles in agreement with the security constraints that guarantee the global security coherence of the system.

Research and analysis of business management processes implemented under conditions of incomplete certainty

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Igor Klimenko ◽  
A. Ivlev
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
A Priori ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Statistical Uncertainty ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Classical Decision ◽  
Decision Making Criteria

The study carried out in this work made it possible to expand the rank scale for a priori assessment of the chosen strategy in terms of increasing the sensitivity of assessing the caution / negligence ratio using risky, as well as classical decision-making criteria under conditions of statistical uncertainty.

Information Systems for the Management of the Organizations

2018 ◽  
pp. 96-116
Author(s):  
José Rascão
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Information Management ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Business Management ◽  
Key Concepts ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Role Of Information

This chapter investigates the key concepts of information systems, as well as the role of information in the information management activities, in terms of supporting decision making by different organizations' managers in the literature of information sciences and business sciences. The information has become, in the global economy, a source of value for organizations, assuming a key role in contributing to the development of the performance of the same. The relationship of information management with business management helps the process of decision making.

Institutional Dimensions of Information Systems Evaluation

2005 ◽  
pp. 1545-1548
Author(s):  
Vassilis Serafeimidis
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Routine Data ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
It Investments ◽  
Social Decision ◽  
Business Transformation ◽  
Is Evaluation ◽  
Social Decision Making

Information systems (IS) evaluation is a complex organizational and social decision making process. IS evaluation has attracted a lot of interest from the academic community and practitioners during the last few decades. This interest in some way has been generated by the tremendous increase of IT investments and the fact that IT/IS have become an organizational “necessity” in order to, for example, support routine data processing operations, initiatives for competitive advantage, and business transformation exercises.

scholarly journals Fishnition: Developing Models From Cognition Toward Consciousness

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paula Droege ◽  
Natalie Schwob ◽  
Daniel J. Weiss
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Systems Approach ◽  
Trace Conditioning ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Self Reflection ◽  
Animal Consciousness ◽  
Temporal Representation ◽  
Evolutionary Function ◽  
Level Model ◽  
High Level

A challenge to developing a model for testing animal consciousness is the pull of opposite intuitions. On one extreme, the anthropocentric view holds that consciousness is a highly sophisticated capacity involving self-reflection and conceptual categorization that is almost certainly exclusive to humans. At the opposite extreme, an anthropomorphic view attributes consciousness broadly to any behavior that involves sensory responsiveness. Yet human experience and observation of diverse species suggest that the most plausible case is that consciousness functions between these poles. In exploring the middle ground, we discuss the pros and cons of “high level” approaches such as the dual systems approach. According to this model, System 1 can be thought of as unconscious; processing is fast, automatic, associative, heuristic, parallel, contextual, and likely to be conserved across species. Consciousness is associated with System 2 processing that is slow, effortful, rule-based, serial, abstract, and exclusively human. An advantage of this model is the clear contrast between heuristic and decision-based responses, but it fails to include contextual decision-making in novel conditions which falls in between these two categories. We also review a “low level” model involving trace conditioning, which is a trained response to the first of two paired stimuli separated by an interval. This model highlights the role of consciousness in maintaining a stimulus representation over a temporal span, though it overlooks the importance of attention in subserving and also disrupting trace conditioning in humans. Through a critical analysis of these two extremes, we will develop the case for flexible behavioral response to the stimulus environment as the best model for demonstrating animal consciousness. We discuss a methodology for gauging flexibility across a wide variety of species and offer a case study in spatial navigation to illustrate our proposal. Flexibility serves the evolutionary function of enabling the complex evaluation of changing conditions, where motivation is the basis for goal valuation, and attention selects task-relevant stimuli to aid decision-making processes. We situate this evolutionary function within the Temporal Representation Theory of consciousness, which proposes that consciousness represents the present moment in order to facilitate flexible action.

scholarly journals Individual decision-making by top executives as a valuable resource for strategic management – A resource-based view and dynamic capability approach

2015 ◽  
pp. 2-14
Author(s):  
José Francisco Enriquez de la O
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Individual Decision ◽  
Business World ◽  
Resource Based View ◽  
Individual Decision Making ◽  
High Level

Strategy is highly important for organisational success and the achievement of competitive advantage. Strategy is dynamic and it depends on accurate individual decision-making from medium and high-level managers and executives. Since managers always formulate strategy, its formulation depends mostly on their assertive decisions. Making good decisions is a complex task, even more in today’s business world where a large quantity of information and a dynamic environment forces people to decide without having complete information. As Shafir, Simonson, & Tversky (1993) point out, "the making of decisions, both big and small, is often difficult because of uncertainty and conflict". In this paper the author will explain a basic theoretical framework about top manager's individual decision-making, showing how complex the process of making high-impact decisions is; then, he will compare this theory with one of the most important streams in strategic management, the Resource-Based View (RBV) of the firm. Finally, within the context of individual decision-making and the RBV stream, the author will show how individual decision makers in top management positions constitute a valuable, rare, non-imitable and non-substitutable resource that provides sustained competitive advantage.

scholarly journals Agent based Decision Support System for Travelers

2020 ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Thi Thi Tun ◽  
Prof Thwe
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Decision Support ◽  
Information Systems ◽  
Decision Support System ◽  
Decision Support Systems ◽  
Support System ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Decision Making Process ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Travel Planning

Nowadays, management of the travelers to support their recreation or holiday planning is increasingly becoming important and popular. Planning a trip needs to assemble a wide variety of information from a large number of sources, such as car schedule and prices, hotel locations, the map of traveled places, etc. Now, this information is available in this system and it can be used to decide a better plan traveler. Decision support systems are the type of information systems expressly developed to support the decision making process and to assist a decision maker. So, this system is implemented as the decision support system for travelling. Moreover, this system describes the use of intelligent agents for extracting and integrating data to improve the ability to plan a travel. These agents can extract data, integrate this data to support travel planning and monitor all aspects of a trip. Therefore, a traveler decision support system by using intelligent agents will develop to support travelers in making their decision on a suitable track when they are faced with a number of alternative track options.

Cooperative Human-Computer Decision Making: An Experiment and Some Design Implications

1994 ◽  
Vol 38 (4) ◽  
pp. 220-224 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gunilla A. Sundström ◽  
Anthony C. Salvador
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Fault Diagnosis ◽  
Decision Maker ◽  
Confidence Level ◽  
Intelligent Agents ◽  
Network Performance ◽  
Wrong Decision ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Types Of Information ◽  
High Level

Creating useful dialogues between human and automated decision makers (i.e., intelligent agents) is a critical design aspect of any effective decision support environment. However, surprisingly few studies have examined the various factors influencing the way a human decision maker interacts with various types of intelligent agents. In the present work, one such factor was examined, namely the confidence expressed by the agent about its own conclusions. Subjects were trained in a network management fault diagnosis task. They were then asked to accept or reject a fault diagnosis generated by the automated decision making agent. The automated decision maker presented its fault diagnosis with an associated confidence indication expressed as a probability. Subjects were required to decide whether to accept or reject the automated decision maker's diagnosis. To conceive an informed response, subjects were able to examine various types of information related to network performance. The results indicated that the higher the confidence level presented by the automated decision maker, the more likely it was that the human decision maker would accept the automatically generated diagnosis. Thus, the higher the confidence level of the automated decision maker, the more likely subjects were to accept a wrong decision. Moreover, subjects examined fewer pieces of information in situations when the automated decision maker expressed a high level of confidence.

Maintaining Alignment over the Long-Term: Lessons from the Evolution of an Electronic Point of Sale System

2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 141-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Boddy ◽  
Robert Paton
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Dynamic Environments ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Point Of Sale ◽  
Sustained Competitive Advantage ◽  
Management Processes ◽  
Core Capabilities ◽  
A Company

Research in both the organizational and information systems areas suggests that aligning information systems and dimensions of the organization improves performance. However, the dynamic nature of both information systems and organizations makes a close alignment more an aspiration than a state. This paper examines alignment from the perspective of the management processes through which companies may achieve and sustain alignment in dynamic environments. In so doing they may also develop core capabilities in managing IS innovation, which enable sustained competitive advantage. The paper traces the evolution of alignment in a company that used information systems to develop the business in new strategic directions, and shows how semi-structures contributed to this.

Radiological safety and assessment of the performance of X-ray systems in veterinary facilities

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Economides ◽  
C.J. Hourdakis ◽  
C. Pafilis ◽  
G. Simantirakis ◽  
P. Tritakis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Radiation Protection ◽  
Atomic Energy Commission ◽  
Atomic Energy ◽  
Regulatory Control ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
X Ray ◽  
The Public ◽  
Radiological Safety ◽  
High Level

This paper concerns an analysis regarding the performance of X-ray equipment as well as the radiological safety in veterinary facilities. Data were collected from 380 X-ray veterinary facilities countrywide during the on-site regulatory inspections carried out by the Greek Atomic Energy Commission. The analysis of the results shows that the majority of the veterinary radiographic systems perform within the acceptable limits; moreover, the design and shielding of X-ray rooms as well as the applied procedures ensure a high level of radiological safety for the practitioners, operators and the members of the public. An issue that requires specific attention in the optimization process for the proper implementation of veterinary radiology practices in terms of radiological safety is the continuous training of the personnel. The above findings and the regulatory experience gained were valuable decision-making elements regarding the type of the regulatory control of veterinary radiology practices in the new radiation protection framework.

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