Consumers on the Road from E-Communication to E-Shopping

2011 ◽  
pp. 69-88
Author(s):  
Kari Elkela ◽  
Tuomas Kokkonen ◽  
Heikki Nikali
Keyword(s):  
New Technologies ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Shopping Behavior ◽  
The Road ◽  
Constant State ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Marketing Information ◽  
Future Vision

This chapter deals with the effect of new forms of consumer communication on shopping behavior. New communication technologies are in a constant state of development, and much debate is taking place concerning the multi-channel communication society. However, in reality, people are continually switching from one channel to another. In this regard, what is important is from whose point of view the system eventually will be controlled. It also can be argued that the opinions and needs of ordinary people have not necessarily received the strongest focus in developing multi-channel technology. This chapter is divided into three main sections. First, the development in message volumes and new technologies within the past decade is analyzed. Second, consumer preferences concerning the means of communication when receiving marketing information are analyzed.Third, the evolution and current state of B2C e-commerce and changes in consumers’ purchasing habits are discussed. Finally, a future vision of consumer behavior in a multi-channel world is presented.

Relationship between Laboratory Abrasion Tests and Service Performance

1949 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 838-862 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. R. Griffith ◽  
E. B. Storey ◽  
J. W. D. Barkley ◽  
F. M. McGilvray
Keyword(s):  
Abrasion Resistance ◽  
National Research Council ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Viscous Material ◽  
The Road ◽  
Canadian National Research Council ◽  
Air Jet ◽  
Engineering Department ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Department Of National Defence

Abstract In development work on GR-S commercial recapping compounds originated in 1943 by the Directorate of Mechanical Engineering, Department of National Defence, Ottawa, Canada, in which an attempt was made to correlate road performance with physical properties as determined in the laboratory, it was found that no relationship whatever existed between the results of road tests carried out under the supervision of that directorate and standard laboratory abrasion resistance tests carried out in the Canadian National Research Council Rubber Laboratory at Ottawa. In the laboratory test the sandpaper in the abrasion machine became coated with a smear of tacky viscous material which the air jet was unable to remove. Under these conditions the rubber tends to slide over the sandpaper surface, with relatively little actual abrasion of the rubber. The effect remains even after a considerable overcure of the sample. It was felt that the removal of the tacky viscous material from vulcanized GR-S by extraction might give more reliable abrasion resistance results, inasmuch as, on the road, rubber is constantly coming in contact with a new surface and such viscous material is thus being continually removed as it migrates to the surface of the rubber. From this point of view, then, the tread surface while being abraded on the road may be looked upon as extracted rubber and may be considered as conforming closely to the extracted laboratory specimen.

scholarly journals Business ideas in start-ups

2020 ◽  
Vol 83 ◽  
pp. 01063
Author(s):  
Štefan Slávik
Keyword(s):  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Legal Protection ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
Start Ups

Start-up is a modern entrepreneurship form designed to realize original business ideas, mostly based on new technologies and the Internet. It evolves in the development cycle, which is determined by the business idea development cycle and the financing cycle. The purpose of the paper is to describe and analyse the business idea. The business idea is characterized by its content, circumstances of its origin, degree of originality and evidence of this originality. Start-ups are dominated by business ideas based on the application of information and communication technologies, the business idea is most often created by combining professional and business experience, but its originality is from the international point of view only average and the level of legal protection is quite rare.

On the Road to SME Sector Development in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
pp. 480-499
Author(s):  
Syed Abidur Rahman ◽  
Noor Hazlina Ahmad ◽  
Seyedeh Khadijeh Taghizadeh
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Economic Point ◽  
The Road ◽  
Multidisciplinary Study ◽  
The Social ◽  
On The Road

Entrepreneurship has been deliberated as multidimensional and multidisciplinary study. From the economic point of view entrepreneurship is the central force for economic development for any nation. Scholars and policy makers now have started to see entrepreneurship as panacea for inclusive growth. Entrepreneurships are most widely popular and discussed area. Study on small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) has been maturing for the last decade as it has been regarded as significant player for the social development along with the economic development. In Bangladesh, SMEs account for a large proportion of the total establishments in various sectors. Considering the importance of the SME sector in Bangladesh, this study intends to explore and sketch-out the landscape of current SME setting in Bangladesh. With this aim the study has extensively carried out literature review, observed and understood the secondary data obtained from various organizations, and finally presented a policy driven recommendation (micro and macro level) which would enable to develop the SME sector in a developing country like Bangladesh.

Institutional Isomorphism and New Technologies

2011 ◽  
pp. 2066-2071 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco Amoretti ◽  
Fortunato Musella
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Institutional Isomorphism ◽  
Social Construct ◽  
Cognitive Frames ◽  
Related Information ◽  
Information And Communication

Technological factor is mainly underestimated in the literature on institutions and organizations. Although organizational studies and information technology are disciplines dedicated respectively to studying socio-political and technical aspects of organizing, cross-fertilization among such fields has remained quite limited. Only rarely the variable of technology has been interpreted as a crucial element for explaining institutional uniformity. From a more general point of view, changing technical factors have been considered “relatively unimportant sources of organizational change in a mature organizational field” (Yang, 2003, p. 433). Only after the spread of the information and communication technologies (ICTs), a good number of studies has started to consider the relationships among information technology and organizational structure (Guthrie, 1999). Neo-institutional analysis on the use of information technology was mostly directed at showing how the embeddedness of organizational actors “in cognitive, cultural, social, and institutional structures influences the design, perceptions, and uses of the Internet and related [information technology]” (Fountain, 2001, p. 88). Therefore, it can been argued that most of the literature on this field concerns the way in which technology represents a social construct, because it shows that any technological application is strongly influenced by social aspects, such as cognitive frames, political culture, local traditions and so forth. Yet, a few contributions have been dedicated until now to investigate how institutions change through the introduction of new technologies. Although technological innovation is said to be the source of variation in a given institutional context, as “new technology offers new possibilities for solving problems [and] new practices arise when innovative organizations take advantage of its novel benefits” (Leblebici, 1991, p. 335), little attention is focused on technological variables. Despite such disregard, in the following article some examples of the strategic use of information and communication technologies will be included, with specific reference to pressures exerted by ICTs for producing “institutional isomorphism.”

scholarly journals Analysis of Traffic Evolution on Road Networks of a Roundabout

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Tolesa Hundesa Muleta ◽  
Legesse Lemecha Obsu
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Congestion ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Road Networks ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Traffic Dynamics ◽  
Demand And Supply ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Detailed Mathematical Analysis ◽  
Control Traffic

In this paper, the analyses of traffic evolution on the road network of a roundabout having three entrances and three exiting legs are conducted from macroscopic point of view. The road networks of roundabouts are modeled as a merging and diverging types 1×2 and 2×1 junctions. To study traffic evolution at junction, two cases have been considered, namely, demand and supply limited cases. In each case, detailed mathematical analysis and numerical tests have been presented. The analysis in the case of demand limited showed that rarefaction wave fills the portion of the road network in time. In the contrary, in supply limited case, traffic congestion occurs at merging junctions and shock wave propagating back results in reducing the performance of a roundabout to control traffic dynamics. Also, we illustrate density and flux profiles versus space discretization at different time steps via numerical simulation with the help of Godunov scheme.

scholarly journals On the development of educational programs in the field of road safety in General and Supplementary education

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-59
Author(s):  
M.V. Doronina
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Road Safety ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Supplementary Education ◽  
The Road ◽  
Age Related ◽  
At Risk Children ◽  
Learning Programs ◽  
On The Road

The article presents some approaches to the development of educational programs in the field of road safety in General and Supplementary education of children and adolescents. It addresses some learning programs for children, adolescents and parents that are proved to be highly effective for teaching safe behaviour on the road. This article also focuses on the analysis of the features of working with "at-risk" children and teenagers with behavior problems-as a special social and age related category, exposed to the greatest risk in terms of traffic environment. The article focuses on the characteristics of attitudes typical for children and adolescents from the point of view of safety on the road, and it also outlines possible actions to develop integrated training and prophylaxis programs for this age group

scholarly journals Pedestrian-safer IoT-based Smart Crossing System with Object Tracking

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1948-1953
Keyword(s):  
Object Tracking ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Road Accidents ◽  
The Road ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Crossing ◽  
The Internet Of Things ◽  
Populous Country

In the field of technical research the Internet of Things (IoT) has become an interesting topic. The device is interconnected over the internet. We usually think of IoT in terms of independently owned cars and smart homes, but in extreme practical matters one of the best applications of IoT technology. In many disciplines, IoT is increasing rapidly from a technical point of view, in particular with the smart crossing system. In the meantime, it is a very populous country in Bangladesh. A lot of people cross the street every day. A lot of wide roads are to be crossed in Bangladesh. Even dead troubles. There is a lot of vehicles on the lane. There are many wide roads in Bangladesh that are a lot to cross. Troubles, even dead ones. Many vehicles are on the road. Bangladesh is also a developing country, and the laws of road crossing are not very strict, in which case it is very important to have a pedestrian-safer IoT-based smart crossing system with object tracking. Often people are facing an accident, in particular school children have trouble crossing the road, old people face the same problem. A cost-effective solution to this issue is the key contribution of this paper using a simple framework based on Arduino UNO R3. The device is fully autonomous and can calculate the planned parameters of a pedestrianized IoT-based, smart crossing platform with object tracking in an efficient way. Ultrasonic sensors and one IR sensor were used for measuring the parameters needed for the device. Moreover, in Bangladesh this program is more important and essential. This smart crossing system detects people as well as reduce road accidents.

scholarly journals On the Road to Multiculturalism

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gisela Hoecherl-Alden
Keyword(s):  
National Culture ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Visual Narratives ◽  
The Road ◽  
Swiss German ◽  
Unique Model ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Road Movies

ON THE ROAD TO MULTICULTURALISM: CHALLENGING CONCEPTS OF NEUTRALITY AND TOLERANCE IN SWISS-GERMAN CIEMA Switzerland, which prides itself on its political neutrality, democratic ethos and multilingualism, has long been celebrated as a unique model for the peaceful co-existence of diverse cultural groups residing within autonomous cantons (see Altermatt et. al. 1998). Yet by exploring the national culture, transgressing boundaries, and mapping life-transforming experiences, three Swiss-German films challenge this commonly accepted image of their nation. Although not road movies in the sense that the primary movement is shot from a vehicle's point of view (see Laderman 2002: 13), the films Die Schweizermacher (The Swissmakers, Switzerland, 1978) by Rolf Lyssy, Reise der Hoffnung (Journey of Hope, Switzerland-Turkey, 1990) by Xavier Koller, and Pastry, Pain and Politics (Switzerland, 1998) by Stina Werenfels nevertheless integrate road imagery and mobility into their political and visual narratives. The journeys undertaken are "a means of cultural...

scholarly journals MICROECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CONSUMER BEHAVIOR FROM THE POINT OF VIEW OF GENERATION THEORY IN THE MIND OF DIGITALIZATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Pereverzieva ◽  
Olena Hubar
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Consumer Preferences ◽  
Communication Technologies ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Value Orientations ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Purchasing Decisions ◽  
Information And Communication

The article examines the determinants of consumer behaviour characteristics amid information and communication technologies and their use in all social spheres. The relevance of the study is due to the fostering of digital economy and its interference into the social spheres, including transformation of consumer preferences and values when making purchasing decisions. The objective of the article is to determine consumer behaviour characteristics belonging to different generations. The transformation of structure, but directly of the consumption character in the digital economy has been analyzed. The analysis of socio-economic and historical preconditions` impact on the consumers` value orientations have been carried out. Within the theory of generations` framework, the issue of social groupings` (generations`) stability selection, their periodization and main values` figuring out have been considered. One of the key values that determines their affiliation to a society, a certain generation, and, accordingly, forms a certain microeconomic model of consumer behaviour is cosmopolitanism in the growing pace of information and communication technologies distribution and the availability of Internet resources. The most important feature of consumer behaviour in the formation and development of the digital economy which characterizes all generations – vertical trust – trust in public authorities and the media and horizontal trust – trust in information obtained from the inner circle and social networks, has been studied. Social networks` and environment`s impact on purchasing decisions in terms of generations – X and Y has been examined. The growing level of access to information, the range of consumer opportunities to maximize goods` utility through individual approach to supply have been analyzed. The peculiarities of market transformation and its focus on consumer preferences and values, digital technologies resources to reduce transaction costs when buying and selling, the prerequisites for shifting consumption from the long term to the short term have been identified.

scholarly journals Design & Control of Low Cost Solar Tree for Optimizing a PV System

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 5622-5626 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Solar Panels ◽  
Pv System ◽  
The Road ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Solar Resource ◽  
And Control

This concept shows the design and control of a solar tree PV system for charging cell phones, supplying electricity for street lighting on open urban areas and charging of electric bike on the road side when the charge is decaying. Based on the above applications, a 7 feet height-tree was built. It has three section of branches, each branches contains 5 sub stem over which leaves made of acrylic with solar panels on the top (1.5 feet × 1feet) mounted. The energy storage capacity is 30 Amp. It has 2 USB ports to connect mobile devices and two 12V-300 W electrical outlets to connect those devices to the electricity. The solar tree was designed according to the environmental conditions of Gunupur, Odisha and for optimizing the output power a flow chart with programming developed. The result was compared with the C language programme. At the last, the PV system's availability to satisfy the energetic requirements was verified. Due to population growth and energy demands, the solar energy is the 2nd best source of non conventional energy which is cause pollution free in nature. By using the concept of the series and parallel connection of panel with the help of sub branch of the main stem the efficiency of the system can be improved. As compared to normal PV system in area point of view the Solar tree becomes more efficient. There is no systematic stimulation for usage of solar panels, purely relying on individual cases of installation on different types of objects. Solar tree may be very much helpful for creating awareness about solar resource. This concept elaborates the possibility of building a solar tree in GIET campus odisha, India, covering technical, social and economic aspects. Benefits and potential drawbacks are elaborated, while special emphasis is given to the specifics of its utilization due to the geographical position of odisha and corresponding number of sunny hours/days per year.

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