Challenges, Opportunities and Solutions for Ubiquitous Eldercare

2011 ◽  
pp. 142-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paolo Bellavista ◽  
Dario Bottazzi ◽  
Antonio Corradi ◽  
Rebecca Montanari
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Skills ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Coordinated Care ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Remote Diagnostics ◽  
Status Monitoring ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
The One ◽  
Device Miniaturization

A non-negligible number of elder citizens, who represent a growing fraction of the population in developed countries, have to face a number of daily-life problems stemming from their partial and progressive loss of motor, sensorial, and cognitive skills. That often makes it difficult or impossible to live autonomously and, in today’s small families, often forces elder hospitalization. Device miniaturization and ubiquitous connectivity can provide the technological support for valid alternatives to hospitalization, capable of reducing welfare costs, elder sense of loneliness, and elder exclusion from social relationships. On the one hand, wired and wireless sensors and actuators can improve elder life independence, for example, by transforming homes in smart eldercare environments with remote health-status monitoring, remote diagnostics, and facilitated house activities. On the other hand, pervasive wireless computing enables novel opportunities for caregivers, elders, and their family members, friends, and neighbors to collaborate and coordinate in an impromptu way to provide eldercare and social support anytime and anywhere. The chapter overviews the state-of-art of solutions for elder assistance, typically at home, and for coordinated-care networking by pointing out the need for advanced context-aware frameworks to properly establish ubiquitous and spontaneous communities of helpers when needed.

Global Economic Crisis of 2008-2009: Sources and Roots

2009 ◽  
pp. 18-31
Author(s):  
G. Rapoport ◽  
A. Guerts
Keyword(s):  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Market Mechanisms ◽  
Production Output ◽  
The One ◽  
To Receive ◽  
Partial Destruction

In the article the global crisis of 2008-2009 is considered as superposition of a few regional crises that occurred simultaneously but for different reasons. However, they have something in common: developed countries tend to maintain a strong level of social security without increasing the real production output. On the one hand, this policy has resulted in trade deficit and partial destruction of market mechanisms. On the other hand, it has clashed with the desire of several oil and gas exporting countries to receive an exclusive price for their energy resources.

scholarly journals Knetex – Development of a textile-integrated sensor system for feedback-supported rehabilitation after surgery of the anterior cruciate ligament

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 368-371
Author(s):  
Julia Demmer ◽  
A. Kitzig ◽  
N. Schlage ◽  
G. Stockmanns ◽  
E. Naroska
Keyword(s):  
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Cruciate Ligament ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Integrated Sensor ◽  
Rehabilitation Process ◽  
Active User ◽  
Smart Textile ◽  
First Results ◽  
Anterior Cruciate ◽  
The One

AbstractPatients often report an effect after surgery of the anterior cruciate ligament which is called "giving way". This manifest itself by a drop of the knee or a felt instability. This phenomenon is difficult to measure and validate because it usually does not occur regularly and is not reproducible under laboratory conditions. The Knetex project takes up this point by trying to actively support the rehabilitation process with a bandage that can be worn in everyday life and is constructed as a smart textile using sensors and actuators. For this purpose, on the one hand it is attempted to actively record the phenomenon of the "giving way" by measuring knee angles etc. and by active user feedback. At the same time, the patient is specifically advised by means of actuators to correct incorrect posture or movement in order to make the rehabilitation process more effective and prevent further damage. Two 9-axis IMUs (inertial measurement units) form the basis of the system. These are used together with a textile strain sensor to calculate the knee angles. This paper gives an overview of the planned system, the initial experiments to measure the knee angles and the first results of the actuator study.

Macroeconomic conditions are only an illusion, not the solution, to firm sustainability: unveiling the new dimension of stakeholder well-being

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zahid Irshad Younas ◽  
Mahvesh Khan ◽  
Mamdouh Abdulaziz Saleh Al-Faryan
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Macroeconomic Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Macroeconomic Conditions ◽  
Us Economy ◽  
The Us ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Negative Impacts ◽  
The One

Purpose The purpose of the study is to explore the misconception that in developed countries, macroeconomic performance lead to sustainable firms or improves stakeholder well-being. The results may be the opposite or even worse. Design/methodology/approach This study examined this misconception using balanced panel data from 1,122 firms from different sectors of the US economy and data on macroeconomic performance from the World Bank. Findings The results of the one-step generalised method of moments indicate that most macroeconomic performance indicators had significant and negative impacts on firm sustainability and stakeholder well-being. Practical implications From a societal perspective, the results illustrate that the fruits of macroeconomic performance of the US economy do not reach stakeholders through firms’ sustainability. Thus, linking the economy’s macroeconomic performance with firm sustainability is vital for sustainably uplifting society and for stakeholder well-being. Originality/value From a policy perspective, this study reveals that the greater focus on macroeconomic performance in the USA over the past decades has resulted in lower firm sustainability because of the malfunctioning of social, economic, environmental and governance factors. This has negatively influenced stakeholder well-being in the country.

scholarly journals Evaluating the individual- and country-level variations in tax morale

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 816-832 ◽  
Author(s):  
Colin C. Williams ◽  
Besnik Krasniqi
Keyword(s):  
Tax Compliance ◽  
State Intervention ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Social Actor ◽  
Actor Model ◽  
Tax Morale ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Country Level ◽  
The One ◽  
The Individual

Purpose Recently, a small but burgeoning literature has argued that tax non-compliance cannot be fully explained using the conventional rational economic actor approach which views non-compliance as occurring when the pay-off is greater than the expected cost of being caught and punished. Instead, a social actor approach has emerged which views tax non-compliance as higher when “tax morale”, defined as the intrinsic motivation to pay taxes, is low. To advance this social actor model, the purpose of this paper is to evaluate the individual and national heterogeneity in tax morale, which is crucial if tax compliance is to be improved. Design/methodology/approach To do this, the authors report data from the 2010 Life in Transition Survey on tax morale in 35 Eurasian countries. Findings Logit econometric analysis reveals, on the one hand, that there is higher tax morale among middle-aged, married, homeowners with children, with a university degree and employed, and on the other hand, that there is higher tax morale in more developed countries with stronger legal systems and less corruption, and higher levels of state intervention in the form of both taxation and expenditure. Research limitations/implications Rather than continue with the rational actor approach, this paper reveals that how an emergent social actor approach can help to more fully explain tax non-compliance and results in a different policy approach focused upon changing country-level economic and social conditions associated with low tax morale and thus non-compliance. Practical implications These results display the specific populations with low tax morale which need targeting when seeking to tackle tax non-compliance. Originality/value This paper provides a new way of explaining and tackling tax non-compliance in Eurasian countries.

scholarly journals The Socioeconomic Bases of Biofuels Production Business at the Organizational Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
R. V. Lohosha ◽  
◽  
I. A. Semchuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Business Processes ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Organizational Level ◽  
Technological Support ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Efficient Management ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Scientific Substantiation ◽  
The One

The article is aimed at defining the priorities for the development of the biofuel market in Ukraine to ensure the energy security of the country and satisfy the country’s energy needs. Prospects for the bioenergy sector of the economy in the world will be determined primarily by the optimization of national policies in the matrix of multifarious criteria. The place of the Ukrainian model is highly likely to be determined, on the one hand, by the development of the national market, on the other hand, by the production of raw materials for world biofuel markets. At the same time, this market and production in Ukraine remains only a potentially promising model that requires a scientific substantiation for its efficiency. As a result of the study, it is specified that the bioenergy industry has serious limitations and problems of economic nature that require scientific substantiation. After analyzing the limitations and prospects of the industry development in Ukraine at the level of agricultural enterprises that could deploy biofuel production, it should be emphasized that: 1) there is currently no biofuel market in Ukraine: there is no significant production, hence the proposal still remains unformed; there are no agents (firms, enterprises) of the market that would form the established demand; the necessary norms, institutions, mechanisms of the representative market have not been developed; 2) there is no successful experience of such a business both in Ukraine in general and in agricultural enterprises in particular. From here, as well as taking into account the above-mentioned aspects, the attractiveness of this business, including investment, needs to be justified. Enterprises of this group will face funding problems, as well as technical and technological support problems. Therefore, special careful economic substantiation of the market efficiency model and business processes is required; 3) because of these reasons, the task of scientific substantiation of the model of efficient management of this business becomes highly topical.

scholarly journals MATERIALISME SEBAGAI PENGHAMBAT PEMBANGUNAN KESEJATERAAN SOSIAL

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 167-171
Author(s):  
Mohammad Sabiq ◽  
Akhmad Jayadi ◽  
Imam Nawawi ◽  
Mohammad Wasil
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Theory ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Economic Inequality ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The Other ◽  
Financial Security ◽  
The One ◽  
Positive Effect

Materialism and sich are the driving spirit of the community in achieving economic and financial security that saves a holistic and socially just welfare. This can be seen from the lives of people in materialistic developed countries, where the level of social stress is higher, economic inequality widens, horizontal conflict is rife. This research uses Pierre Felix Bourdieu's social theory in seeing people trust the expenditure of material with other values, such as spiritual and cultural values ​​that are no less urgent as elements of social welfare development. This study found that materialism on the one hand has a positive effect, where people are encouraged to use material standards in measuring the level of welfare they expect. On the other hand, materialism closes the presence of values ​​such as spirituality, local wisdom and agriculture in completing more holistic welfare standards.

scholarly journals Jihadist war or a challenge of disintegration?

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-250
Author(s):  
Péter Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Actual State ◽  
Islamic State ◽  
Global Context ◽  
Terrorist Organization ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
The Developed Countries ◽  
The One ◽  
Foreign Fighters

In this paper we introduce some relevant research results about the role of social embeddedness and social resources in the sphere of social conflicts and violence. In accordance with the actual state of the investigation process the outcomes presented in this analysis are focusing on the activities of the so called ‘Islamic State’or ISIS – considered to be a rather effective terrorism exporter recently. After briefly outlining the broader – global – context of terrorist organizations, the particular characteristics of the activities of ISIS and some elements of the conceptual frame, the study highlights empirically two potential explaining factors of the success of the terrorist organization. On the one hand the influencing network – primarily linked to the cyber sphere – of the Islamic State is explored, demonstrating a notable focus on the developed countries of Europe. On the other hand the paper summarizes the main conclusions from a case study on the recruitment base of the militants in Brussels of the terrorist organization investigating the relationship between the territorial distribution of the ISIS foreign fighters in city and the extent of segregation of the Islamic population in the different districts, including also certain socio-demographic factors to shed light on the significance of the broader – unfavourable – social context.

scholarly journals Adversity Quotient Dalam Al-Qur’an

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-254
Author(s):  
Niila Khoiru Amaliya
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Behaviour ◽  
Important Thing ◽  
Suicide Rates ◽  
Life Problems ◽  
Suicide Case ◽  
Maximum Effort ◽  
The One ◽  
Human Spirituality ◽  
Commit Suicide

WHO’s data shows that suicide rates increase every year. In 2015, more than 800,000 people died caused by suicide. The average of suicide case in Indonesia is about 300.000 people each year. Depression, stress and inability to face life's challenges are considered as the trigger for more suicidal behaviour. By those phenomena, many efforts are needed to solve them. Paul G. Stolz (called as Stolz) states that one of important thing for human is Adversity Quotient (AQ) or intelligence to face problems. Based on Stolz, the one who has a high Adversity Quotient will not easy to give up when s/he faced difficulties. s/he will keep tough, tries to face many obstacles well.This paper will explore the concept of Adversity Quotient values in Qur’an since it is the source of life, rich of values of how to face and live the life. Thus thematic methodis chosen to analyse this paper. The result of this study shows that the intelligence to face the problems taught in Qur’an is like the concept of patient in the Qur’an. There is adimension of human spirituality, in which to face loads of problems, human is reminded to take in or receive (to be ridla, to be sincere, and to do maximum effort and to have spiritual element: to submit everything to Allah). Allah is with those who are patient. The result of this study is expected to construct human perspective and mentality in facing life problems, so as to have a high Adversity Quotient, thus human does not easily despair of his problems, keeps tough and does not easy to commit suicide.

scholarly journals China: investment ambitions, limitations and opportunities

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 (3) ◽  
pp. 138-157 ◽  
Author(s):  
Serhii Korablin
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Capital Intensity ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Belt And Road Initiative ◽  
Foreign Investments ◽  
Rapid Economic Growth ◽  
Belt And Road ◽  
The One ◽  
The Belt And Road

The article considers financial aspects of the implementation of the People's Republic of China's international initiative of "One Belt, One Way". China's impressive economic success over the last 30 years has shown how it grew into a major global exporter and investor, gaining the second-country status in terms of national GDP and imports. These changes took place against the backdrop of rapid economic growth and deep structural reforms, which were accompanied by increased output and exports of high value-added products. Under these conditions, the country naturally prefers to reorient the global economic system in such a way that it is more conducive to China's economic, financial and political interests. A key practical tool for implementing such a plan is the One Belt, One Way initiative, which is to ensure simultaneous access to (a) Western technologies, (b) global raw materials markets, (c) infrastructure capacities that should maximize the deliveries of Chinese produce to all corners of the world economy. However, such an ambitious plan requires an extraordinary amount of financial resources. Despite China's considerable international reserves (over $3 trillion), its volume is still insufficient to cope with such a task. Moreover, the country itself needs further assimilation of foreign investment and technology due to the relatively low level of capital intensity of its workforce. China will be able to solve this dilemma if it manages to create a system of "counter investment", that is, attraction and absorption of foreign investments from more technologically developed countries, which are denominated in the main reserve currencies, and simultaneously realize their own foreign investments in Yuan, offering their users deliveries of own products of slightly lower technological complexity than those received from foreign investors. This publication was prepared based on the presentation of "The Belt and Road Initiative - A New Shape of Globalization?" presented at the Institute of World Economics and Policy (IWEP) of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences (CASS) in May 2019 as part of the International Economic and Economic Conference on "Economic and Trade Cooperation under the Belt and Road Initiative: Retrospect and Prospect".

Developing a Cyber-Physical System for Hybrid Manufacturing in an Internet-of-Things Context

2018 ◽  
pp. 35-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Grefen ◽  
Irene Vanderfeesten ◽  
Georgios Boultadakis
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Industrial Robots ◽  
Hybrid Manufacturing ◽  
Event Processing ◽  
Sensors And Actuators ◽  
Horizon 2020 ◽  
The One ◽  
Work Cells ◽  
And Robotics

This chapter describes design and development of the HORSE system for process-oriented hybrid manufacturing that seamlessly integrates human and robotics actors in vertical manufacturing cells that are horizontally coupled in end-to-end manufacturing processes. The HORSE system supports advanced dynamic actor allocation to work cells, direct robot control and human actor instruction, closed-loop local event processing, and near-real-time global event processing. The system handles abstract process definitions and status information on the one hand and directly interfaces to industrial sensors and actuators on the other hand, making it a system with a strong cyber-physical character. The physical side of the system is deployed in an internet-of-things context, where the things are the industrial robots controlled by the HORSE system, the sensors feeding data to the system, and the products being manufactured in the industrial process managed by the system. The system will be deployed in real-world, industrial pilot scenarios in a European Horizon 2020 project.

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