Judges as IT Users

E-Justice ◽  
2010 ◽  
pp. 38-56
Author(s):  
Marta Poblet ◽  
Joan-Josep Vallbé ◽  
Núria Casellas ◽  
Pompeu Casanovas

Judicial culture generally refers to the set of values, cognitive skills, and practical knowledge of members of the judiciary. In this chapter, we present a research project whose main object is to identify, organize, model, and use practical knowledge produced by judges in judicial settings. To do so, we describe the steps followed to develop Iuriservice, a Web-based system intended to provide the Spanish judiciary with a tool to facilitate knowledge management in daily judicial practice. Iuriservice is a Web-based application that retrieves answers to questions raised by incoming judges in the Spanish judicial domain. This system provides these newly recruited judges with access to frequently asked questions (FAQ) through a natural language interface. The impact and limits of the implementation of Iuriservice in the larger context of the court system will also be considered. Finally, we will conclude by situating the Iuriservice example in the context of recent trends in judicial reform.

2021 ◽  

The special edition of the national professional scientific and practical legal magazine “The Slovo of the National School of Judges of Ukraine” was published, which contains reports delivered at the online conference "Ensuring the unity of judicial practise: the legal positions of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court and standards of the Council of Europe", held on the occasion of the third anniversary of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court. time of thematic sessions and webinars for judges of each of the courts of cassation in the Supreme Court, as well as joint sessions for judges of different jurisdictions at the end of 2020. The National School of Judges of Ukraine held these events together with the Supreme Court and in synergy with the Council of Europe projects "Support to Judicial Reform in Ukraine", "Further Support for Ukraine's Implementation in the Context of Article 6 of the European Convention on Human Rights", USAID New Justice Program, OSCE Project Coordinator in Ukraine. These are projects that support various aspects of judicial reform in Ukraine, compliance with Council of Europe standards and recommendations, offering best practices from member states to help make priorities in the national reform process. The conference and training events were attended by more than 550 participants - judges of the Supreme Court, other courts, leading Ukrainian and foreign experts, representatives of the legal community. Trainers and all structural subdivisions of the National School of Judges of Ukraine were involved, the training activities of which were identified by the CCEJ in one of its conclusions as one of the important tools to ensure the unity of judicial practice. Programs of activities included reports on the role of the Grand Chamber of the Supreme Court in ensuring the unity of judicial practice and the impact on the legal system; unity of judicial practice in the context of standards - improving access to justice in Ukraine: removing procedural obstacles and ensuring the right to an impartial court, approaches to identifying cases of minor complexity and cases of significant public interest or exceptional importance for a party in the context of access to court of cassation: practice the supreme courts of the member states of the Council of Europe and the European Court of Human Rights; key positions of the Supreme Court - application of the provisions of the procedural codes on the grounds for transferring the case to the Chamber, the joint chamber or the Supreme Court, the impact of its decisions on legislative activity, ensuring the specialization of courts and judges, the practice of the Supreme Court of the Supreme Court on administrative cases, the practice of considering cases of disciplinary liability of judges, conclusions on the rules of criminal law, review of court decisions in criminal proceedings in exceptional circumstances; the impact of the case law of the European Court of Human Rights on the case law of national courts and the justification of court decisions and the "balance of rights" in civil cases in its practice, the development of the doctrine of human rights protection; ECtHR standards on evidence and the burden of proof, the conclusions of the CCEJ and their reflection in judicial practice; judicial rule-making in the activities of European courts of cassation, etc. The issues raised are analyzed in the Ukrainian and international contexts from report to report, which, we hope, will be appreciated by every lawyer - both practitioners and theorists. As well as the fact that the depth of disclosure of each of the topics through the practice of application serves the development of law and contributes to the formation of the unity of judicial practice of the Supreme Court, the creation of case law is a contribution to rulemaking and lawmaking. The conversion of intellectual discourse into the practice of Ukrainian courts is an important step towards strengthening public confidence in the judiciary. And here the unifying force of the Supreme Court can be especially important, as the Chairman of the Supreme Court Valentyna Danishevska rightly remarked, speaking about the expectations of the society.


Author(s):  
Pedro Z. Caldeira

The main goal of this study is to compare the impact of Web-based information on surface, deep and total learning, on satisfaction and on navigation information of subjects with different study orientations. Three subject groups were selected and each group included only subjects with a specific study orientation: A meaning study orientation, a reproduction study orientation and a disorganized study orientation. After studying a Web-based presentation on ‘Global Warming’, subject's performance was evaluated regarding surface, deep and total learning, satisfaction and navigation style. Results show that, first, subjects with a disorganized study orientation score lower on deep learning and on total learning than subjects with a reproduction study orientation and, second, subjects with a disorganized study orientation felt easier to navigate in the Web-system than subjects with a meaning study orientation (although they visit more pages and spend less time in each one than subjects with a meaning study orientation).


Author(s):  
Shuyan Melissa Tan ◽  
Richard K. Ladyshewsky ◽  
Peter Gardner

<span>This qualitative study investigated the impact of using blogs on the clinical reasoning and meta-cognitive skills of undergraduate physiotherapy students in a fieldwork education program. A blog is a web based document that enables individuals to enter comments and read each others' comments in a dynamic and interactive manner. In this study, final year physiotherapy students were randomly allocated to group blogs to share their reflections on their own and their peers' clinical practice. Blogging was used to help students reflect and focus on professional and evidence based practice within a supportive peer assisted learning environment. The text within each of the blogs was qualitatively analysed against concepts in the literature describing specific types of clinical reasoning and metacognition. A range of clinical reasoning typologies were found to exist in the blogs. Most notable were ethical, interactive and procedural reasoning along with evidence of metacognition. Blogging was found to be a good strategy for promoting clinical reasoning and metacognition in fieldwork education.</span>


Hydrology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberto Pizarro ◽  
Ben Ingram ◽  
Fernando Gonzalez-Leiva ◽  
Rodrigo Valdés-Pineda ◽  
Claudia Sangüesa ◽  
...  

The lack of reliable continuous rainfall records can exacerbate the negative impact of extreme storm events. The inability to describe the continuous characteristics of rainfall from storm events increases the likelihood that the design of hydraulic structures will be inadequate. To mitigate extreme storm impacts and improve water governance at the catchment scale, it is vital to improve the availability of data and the array of tools used to model and forecast hydrological processes. In this paper, we describe and discuss the implementation of a web-based system for the estimation of intensity–duration–frequency (IDF) curves (WEBSEIDF) in Chile. The web platform was constructed using records from 47 pluviographic gauges available in central Chile (30–40° S), with at least 15 years of reliable records. IDF curves can be generated for durations ranging from 15 min to 24 h. In addition, the extrapolation of rainfall intensity from pluviograph to pluviometric gauges (i.e., 24-h rainfall accumulation) can be carried out using the storm index (SI) method. IDF curves can also be generated for any spatial location within central Chile using the ordinary Kriging method. These procedures allow the generation of numerical and graphical displays of IDF curves, for any selected spatial location, and for any combination of probability distribution function (PDF), parameter estimation method, and type of IDF model. One of the major advantages of WEBSEIDF is the flexibility of its database, which can be easily modified and saved to generate IDF curves under user-defined scenarios, that is, changing climate conditions. The implementation and validation of WEBSEIDF serves as a decision support system, providing an important tool for improving the ability of the Chilean government to mitigate the impact of extreme hydrologic events in central Chile. The system is freely available for students, researchers, and other relevant professionals, to improve technical decisions of public and private institutions.


Author(s):  
V. Kumar ◽  
A. Castellanos ◽  
J. Ortega ◽  
V. Tandon ◽  
N. Agarwal ◽  
...  

This paper presents a dynamic learning framework (DLF) for engineering courses with rich mathematical and geometrical contents. The word “dynamic” implies that there are several moving components in the course contents and assessments. Moving contents are enabled by random-number generators to select text/paragraph from a database or chose a number between two ranges within engineering bounds. Dynamic contents are usually missing in traditional form of instructions such a fixed format book-type problem or static online material. The framework leverages on the computing resources from the recent advancement in touchpad computing devices (such as IPAD and Android based tablets) and web-based technologies (such as WebGL/SVG for virtual-reality and web-based graphics and PHP based server level programming language). All assessments are developed at four increasing levels of difficulty. The levels one through three are designed to assess the lower level learning skills as discussed in the “Bloom’s taxonomy of cognitive skills” whereas level four contents are designed to test the higher level skills. The level-one assessments are designed to be easiest and include guiding materials and solved examples. To lessen the impact of disinterests caused by mathematical abstractions, the assessment and content presentations are strengthened by integrating the mathematical concepts with visual engineering materials from real-world and local important applications. All problems designed to assess the lower level skills are computerized and tested using the Computer Adaptive Testing (CAT) algorithm which enabled the instructor to focus on the higher level skills and offer the course in partially flipped classroom setting.


Author(s):  
Bhuvan Unhelkar ◽  
Abbass Ghanbary

This chapter is based on a study at a selected organization to evaluate the impact of mobile technology and collaborative environment on its business processes. The existing business processes of the organization are placed within the proposed model of mobility. Also, additional collaborative business processes are engineered to operate on Collaborative Web-Based System (CWBS) in order to examine how an organization can benefit from the model. This chapter will also explain the shortcomings of the proposed re-engineered and engineered processes enabling better understanding of them. This study will help the organization under study to understand and experience the importance and value of the two important technologies of mobility and WS and the need to adapt them in order to remain competitive.


2017 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-111
Author(s):  
Loreen M. Powell ◽  
Hayden Wimmer ◽  
Lawrence Kilgus ◽  
Christina M. Force

The practice of including online discussion posts to traditional courses is increasing. Online discussions allow for active learning to occur as students express their ideas and respond to others. The time and thought provided by online discussion posts allows students to utilize higher level cognitive skills. Web-based assessments are another technology tool that instructors are including in their courses. This study examined the impact of online discussion posts on achievement of web-based assessments for an upper level undergraduate business and technology writing intensive course. Using a treatment group and a control group, student achievement scores for the online assessments were measured. Results indicate that assessed grades of the treatment groups were higher than the control group, however statistical significance was mixed among the web assessments. The results further illustrate the need for additional research into online discussions applied to web-based assessments.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Maryani ◽  
Arizona Firdonsyah

The National Zakat Agency (BAZNAS) of Berau Regency is a non-structural government institution that manages zakat nationally and was established by the Ministry of Religion in accordance with the Indonesian Presidential Decree No. 8/2001. BAZNAS has the duty and function of collecting and distributing zakat, infaq and alms at the national level. KDZ system is a web-based system managed by BAZNAS which is a component that is interconnected with each other with the function and ability to collect, process, store and convey information to assess the impact of zakat on mustahiqs who receive zakat distribution in the hope that it can reduce the level of poverty in the State of Indonesia. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the impact of zakat on mustahiq household income, mustahiq spirituality, and mustahiq household conditions. Data collection in this study used 1 method, namely interviews, with the results of the study showing that BAZNAS Berau District had implemented the KDZ system well.


Author(s):  
Tammy Whalen ◽  
David Wright

The Web has had a major impact on how corporate training departments manage employee training. The evolution of computers and networks allows companies to implement a precise customer-focused approach. Through the use of competency and training management systems such as the SIGAL system used by Bell Canada, organizational training plans can be efficiently communicated throughout the organization, training needs can be linked to the performance evaluations of individual employees, and online training materials can be conveniently delivered to employees at their desktops. In the future, we predict that training management systems will evolve to incorporate analytic tools that can calculate the return on training investment, evaluate the impact of training on job performance, and determine the impact of training on corporate profits. This chapter discusses the value to companies of using a Web-based system for competency and training management, using the case of Bell Canada as an example of how companies are implementing these tools today.


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